High-fidelity single-shot readout of single electron spin in diamond with spin-to-charge conversion

Abstract

High fidelity single-shot readout of qubits is a crucial component for fault-tolerant quantum computing and scalable quantum networks. In recent years, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has risen as a leading platform for the above applications. The current single-shot readout of the NV electron spin relies on resonance fluorescence method at cryogenic temperature. However, the the spin-flip process interrupts the optical cycling transition, therefore, limits the readout fidelity. Here, we introduce a spin-to-charge conversion method assisted by near-infrared (NIR) light to suppress the spin-flip error. This method leverages high spin-selectivity of cryogenic resonance excitation and high flexibility of photonionization. We achieve an overall fidelity $>$ 95% for the single-shot readout of an NV center electron spin in the presence of high strain and fast spin-flip process. With further improvements, this technique has the potential to achieve spin readout fidelity exceeding the fault-tolerant threshold, and may also find applications on integrated optoelectronic devices.

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• Photoionization of negatively charged NV centers in diamond: theory and ab initio calculations
• Repetitive readout and real-time control of nuclear spin qubits in ${}^{171}$Yb atoms
• Fast wide-field quantum sensor based on solid-state spins integrated with a SPAD array
• In situ electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy using single nanodiamond sensors
• Coherent microwave, optical, and mechanical quantum control of spin qubits in diamond
• Plasmonic-enhanced bright single spin defects in silicon carbide membranes
• The Chlorine Vacancy in 4H-SiC: An NV-like Defect With Telecom Emission
• Coherent Electric-Field Control of Orbital state in a Neutral Nitrogen-Vacancy Center
• High-Fidelity Electron Spin Gates for Scaling Diamond Quantum Register
• Photoinduced charge injection from shallow point defects in diamond into water
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• Finding the nitrogen-vacancy singlet manifold energy level using charge conversion pulse sequences
• Quantum Anomaly Detection with a Spin Processor in Diamond
• Photoionization detection of a single Er${}^{3+}$ ion with sub-100-ns time resolution
• Quantum Internet: Resource Estimation for Entanglement Routing
• Four-order power reduction in nanoscale electron-nuclear double resonance with a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond