Photon emission correlation spectroscopy as an analytical tool for quantum defects

Abstract

Photon emission correlation spectroscopy is an indispensable tool for the study of atoms, molecules, and, more recently, solid-state quantum defects. In solid-state systems, its most common use is as an indicator of single-photon emission, a key property for quantum technology. Beyond an emitter's single-photon purity, however, photon correlation measurements can provide a wealth of information that can reveal details about its electronic structure and optical dynamics that are hidden by other spectroscopy techniques. This tutorial presents a standardized framework for using photon emission correlation spectroscopy to study quantum emitters, including discussion of theoretical background, considerations for data acquisition and statistical analysis, and interpretation. We highlight important nuances and best practices regarding the commonly-used $g^{(2)}(\tau =0)<0.5$ test for single-photon emission. Finally, we illustrate how this experimental technique can be paired with optical dynamics simulations to formulate an electronic model for unknown quantum emitters, enabling the design of quantum control protocols and assessment of their suitability for quantum information science applications.

22 pages, 7 figures. Updates in version 3 include the addition of equations (9) and (10) in the main text and table S1 in the appendix and minor syntax edits to the main text and appendix for clarity

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• Localized creation of yellow single photon emitting carbon complexes in hexagonal boron nitride
• Rational Design of Efficient Defect-Based Quantum Emitters
• Creation and Microscopic Origins of Single-Photon Emitters in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Photo-dynamics of quantum emitters in aluminum nitride
• Room-temperature addressing of single rare-earth atoms in optical fiber
• Network structure and dynamics of effective models of non-equilibrium quantum transport
• An all-fibred, telecom technology compatible, room temperature, single-photon source
• Learning the dynamics of Markovian open quantum systems from experimental data
• Probing Complex Decoherence Processes in Materials for Quantum Applications