Optical activation and detection of charge transport between individual color centers in room-temperature diamond

Abstract

Charge control of color centers in semiconductors promises opportunities for novel forms of sensing and quantum information processing. Here, we articulate confocal fluorescence microscopy and magnetic resonance protocols to induce and probe charge transport between discrete sets of engineered nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, down to the level of individual defects. In our experiments, a "source" NV undergoes optically-driven cycles of ionization and recombination to produce a stream of photo-generated carriers, one of which we subsequently capture via a "target" NV several micrometers away. We use a spin-to-charge conversion scheme to encode the spin state of the source color center into the charge state of the target, in the process allowing us to set an upper bound to carrier injection from other background defects. We attribute our observations to the action of unscreened Coulomb potentials producing giant carrier capture cross-sections, orders of magnitude greater than those typically attained in ensemble measurements. Besides their fundamental interest, these results open intriguing prospects in the use of free carriers as a quantum bus to mediate effective interactions between paramagnetic defects in a solid-state chip.

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• Exploiting ionization dynamics in the nitrogen vacancy center for rapid, high-contrast spin and charge state initialization
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• Neutral Silicon Vacancy Centers in Diamond via Photoactivated Itinerant Carriers
• Detection and modeling of hole capture by single point defects under variable electric fields
• Enhancement of quantum coherence in solid-state qubits via interface engineering
• Wavelength dependence of nitrogen-vacancy center charge cycling
• Theoretical Investigation of Charge Transfer Between Two Defects in a Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor
• Photoinduced charge injection from shallow point defects in diamond into water
• Semiempirical $\text{ab initio}$ modeling of bound states of deep defects in semiconductor quantum technologies
• Probing itinerant carrier dynamics at the diamond surface using single nitrogen vacancy centers
• Probing charge dynamics in diamond with an individual color center