Large tuneable Rashba spin splitting of a two-dimensional electron gas in Bi2Se3

Abstract

We report a Rashba spin splitting of a two-dimensional electron gas in the topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We further demonstrate its electrostatic control, and show that spin splittings can be achieved which are at least an order-of-magnitude larger than in other semiconductors. Together these results show promise for the miniaturization of spintronic devices to the nanoscale and their operation at room temperature.

5 pages, 4 figures. Substantially revised

References in corpus (14)

• Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications
• First observation of Spin-Momentum Helical Locking in Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3, demonstration of Topological-Order at 300K and a realization of topological-transport-regime
• Giant Spin-splitting in the Bi/Ag(111) Surface Alloy
• Strong spin-orbit splitting on Bi surfaces
• Gate-Voltage Control of Chemical Potential and Weak Anti-localization in Bismuth Selenide
• A topological insulator surface under strong Coulomb, magnetic and disorder perturbations
• Creation and control of a two-dimensional electron liquid at the bare SrTiO3 surface
• Coexistence of the topological state and a two-dimensional electron gas on the surface of Bi2Se3
• Quintuple-layer epitaxy of high-quality Bi2Se3 thin films for topological insulator
• Spin Hall effect transistor
• Surface State Transport and Ambipolar Electric Field Effect in Bi2Se3 Nanodevices
• Simultaneous quantization of bulk conduction and valence states through adsorption of nonmagnetic impurities on Bi2Se3
• Coherent Heteroepitaxy of Bi2Se3 on GaAs (111)B
• Tunable spin-gaps in a quantum-confined geometry

Cited by in corpus (191)

• New Perspectives for Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems
• Spin Transfer Torque Generated by the Topological Insulator Bi_2Se_3
• Dirac materials
• Topological crystalline insulator states in Pb(1-x)Sn(x)Se
• Electronic structure of quantum materials studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Direct visualization of current induced spin accumulation in topological insulators
• Hedgehog Spin-texture and Berry's Phase tuning in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
• Room temperature magnetization switching in topological insulator-ferromagnet heterostructures by spin-orbit torques
• Direct observation of spin-polarised bulk bands in an inversion-symmetric semiconductor
• Thickness-independent transport channels in topological insulator Bi2Se3 thin films
• Controlling bulk conductivity in topological insulators: Key role of anti-site defects
• Emergent quantum confinement at topological insulator surfaces
• Measurement of intrinsic Dirac fermion cooling on the surface of a topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Reactive chemical doping of the $B{i}_{2}S{e}_3$ topological insulator
• THz response and colossal Kerr rotation from the surface states of the topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Subband structure of a two-dimensional electron gas formed at the polar surface of the strong spin-orbit perovskite KTaO${}_3$
• Rashba spin-splitting control at the surface of the topological insulator Bi2Se3
• Photoelectron spin-flipping and texture manipulation in a topological insulator
• Persistence of Topological Order and Formation of Quantum Well States in Topological Insulators Bi2(Se,Te)3 under Ambient Conditions
• Giant ambipolar Rashba effect in a semiconductor: BiTeI
• Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe3GeTe2/graphite/Fe3GeTe2 tri-layer heterostructures
• Maximal Rashba-like spin splitting via kinetic energy-driven inversion symmetry breaking
• Quasiparticle dynamics and spin-orbital texture of the SrTiO3 two-dimensional electron gas
• Spin-Orbit induced phase-shift in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ Josephson junctions
• In-plane magnetic anisotropy of Fe atoms on Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$(111)
• Transport Properties of Topological Insulators: Band Bending, Bulk Metal-to-Insulator Transition, and Weak Anti-Localization
• Transport in two-dimensional topological materials: recent developments in experiment and theory
• Evidence for a direct band gap in the topological insulator Bi2Se3 from theory and experiment
• Spin-orbit splitting of the Shockley surface state on Cu(111)
• Electrical injection and detection of spin-polarized currents in topological insulator Bi2Te2Se
• Room Temperature Giant Charge-to-Spin Conversion at SrTiO3/LaAlO3 Oxide Interface
• Spin-Polarized Tunneling Study on Spin-Momentum Locking in the Topological Insulators
• All-optical probe of three-dimensional topological insulators based on high-harmonic generation by circularly-polarized laser fields
• Controllable magnetic doping of the surface state of a topological insulator
• Reversal of the circular dichroism in the angle-resolved photoemission from Bi2Te3
• Gate-tuned Differentiation of Surface-conducting States in Bi1.5Sb0.5Te1.7Se1.3 Topological-insulator Thin Crystals
• Manipulation of Topological States and Bulk Band Gap Using Natural Heterostructures of a Topological Insulator
• Helicity dependent photocurrent in electrically gated (Bi,Sb)_2Te_3 thin films
• Structural and Electrical Characterization of Bi2Se3 Nanostructures Grown by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition
• Creation of Helical Dirac Fermions by Interfacing Two Gapped Systems of Ordinary Fermions
• Kondo hybridisation and the origin of metallic states at the (001) surface of SmB6
• Quantum Coherent Transport in SnTe Topological Crystalline Insulator Thin Films
• New interpretation of the origin of 2DEG states at the surface of layered topological insulators
• Time-resolved terahertz dynamics in thin films of the topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Unraveling photoinduced spin dynamics in topological insulator Bi2Se3
• Control of spin-orbit torques by interface engineering in topological insulator heterostructures
• 2D layered transport properties from topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ single crystals and micro flakes
• Anomalous dressing of Dirac fermions in the topological surface state of Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3, and CuxBi2Se3
• Switching of Charge-Current-Induced Spin Polarization in the Topological Insulator BiSbTeSe2
• Crossover of Ising- to Rashba-Type Superconductivity in Epitaxial Bi2Se3/Monolayer NbSe2 Heterostructures
• Orbital-driven Rashba effect in a binary honeycomb monolayer AgTe
• Intrinsic instability of electronic interfaces with strong Rashba coupling
• Efficient Charge-Spin Conversion and Magnetization Switching though Rashba Effect at Topological Insulator/Ag Interface
• Observation of a Highly Spin Polarized Topological Surface State in GeBi${}_2$Te${}_4$
• Covariant conservation laws and the spin Hall effect in Dirac-Rashba systems
• Low carrier concentration crystals of the topological insulator Bi${}_{2-x}$Sb${}_x$Te${}_{3-y}$Se${}_y$: a magnetotransport study
• Direct Observation of Interband Spin-Orbit Coupling in a Two-Dimensional Electron System
• Circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of topological insulators
• Observation of warping effects in the band and angular momentum structures of topological insulator Bi2Te3
• Narrow-band anisotropic electronic structure of ReS${}_2$
• Characterizing the Structure of Topological Insulator Thin Films
• The electronic structure of clean and adsorbate-covered Bi2Se3: an angle-resolved photoemission study
• Defect-induced large spin-orbit splitting in the monolayer of PtSe${}_2$
• Direct observation of band bending in topological insulator Bi2Se3
• Direct comparison of current-induced spin polarization in topological insulator Bi2Se3 and InAs Rashba states
• The Rashba Scale: Emergence of Band Anti-Crossing as a Design Principle for Materials with Large Rashba coefficient
• Hierarchical spin-orbital polarisation of a giant Rashba system
• Tuning the Dirac point to the Fermi level in the ternary topological insulator (Bi${}_{1-x}$Sb${}_x$)${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Surface structure of Bi2Se3(111) determined by low-energy electron diffraction and surface X-ray diffraction
• Formation of Ideal Rashba States on Layered Semiconductor Surfaces Steered by Strain Engineering
• Band bending inversion in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ nanostructures
• Experimental evidence and control of the bulk-mediated intersurface coupling in topological insulator Bi2Te2Se nanoribbons
• Rashba-Dresselhaus Effect in Inorganic/Organic Lead Iodide Perovskite Interfaces
• Anisotropic effect of warping on the lifetime broadening of topological surface states in angle-resolved photoemission from Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Hybridization-Induced Gapped and Gapless States on the Surfaces of Magnetic Topological Insulators
• Persistent Optical Gating of a Topological Insulator
• Giant Anisotropy of Spin-Orbit Splitting at the Bismuth Surface
• Robust gapless surface state and Rashba-splitting bands upon surface deposition of magnetic Cr on Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Spin-polarization control driven by a Rashba-type effect breaking the mirror symmetry in two-dimensional dual topological insulators
• Engineering Topological Surface States and Giant Rashba Spin Splitting in BiTeI/Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ Heterostructures
• Energy-efficient switching of nanomagnets for computing: Straintronics and other methodologies
• Giant switchable Rashba effect in oxide heterostructures
• Aging and reduced bulk conductance in thin films of the topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Anisotropy effects on Rashba and topological insulator spin polarized surface states: a unified phenomenological description
• Berry curvature induced magnetotransport in 3D noncentrosymmetric metals
• Influence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling on the Kondo effect
• Separating the bulk and surface n- to p-type transition in the topological insulator GeBi(4-x)SbxTe7
• Response of the topological surface state to surface disorder in TlBiSe${}_2$
• Helicity dependent photovoltaic effect in Bi2Se3 under normal incident light
• Accessing the spectral function of in operando devices by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Tunable Giant Rashba-type Spin Splitting in PtSe${}_2$/MoSe${}_2$ Heterostructure
• Amorphous Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ structural, electronic, and topological nature by first-principles
• Band Structure of Topological Insulator BiSbTe1.25Se1.75
• Infrared to terahertz optical conductivity of $n$-type and $p$-type monolayer MoS${}_2$ in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling
• Direct observation of decoupled Dirac states at the interface between topological and normal insulators
• Magnitude and Spatial Distribution Control of the Supercurrent in Bi2O2Se-Based Josephson Junction
• Magnetoterahertz Response and Faraday Rotation from Massive Dirac Fermions in the Topological Crystalline Insulator Pb${}_{0.5}$Sn${}_{0.5}$Te
• Infrared electrodynamics and ferromagnetism in the topological semiconductors Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ and Mn-doped Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Approaching a Minimal Topological Electronic Structure in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi2Te4 via Surface Modification
• Coulomb-driven organization and enhancement of spin-orbit fields in collective spin excitations
• Dirac states with knobs on: interplay of external parameters and the surface electronic properties of 3D topological insulators
• Bulk and surface spin conductivity in topological insulators with hexagonal warping
• THz Surface Modes and Electron-Phonon Coupling in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$(111)
• Trigger of the ubiquitous surface band bending in 3D topological insulators
• Electronic properties of Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ dopped by $3d$ transition metal (Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni) ions
• Comparative study of rare earth hexaborides using high resolution angle-resolved photoemission
• Evolution of the electronic structure of ultrathin MnBi2Te4 Films
• Universal scaling for the spin-electricity conversion on surface states of topological insulators
• Coexistence of bulk and surface states probed by Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ with high charge-carrier density
• Highly superlinear photogalvanic effects in (Bi${}_{0.3}$Sb${}_{0.7}$)${}_2$(Te${}_{0.1}$Se${}_{0.9}$)${}_3$: Probing 3D topological insulator surface states at room temperature
• Strongly anisotropic spin-orbit splitting in a two-dimensional electron gas
• Tunable two-dimensional electron gas at the surface of thermoelectric material In${}_4$Se${}_3$
• Giant Rashba splitting in PtTe/PtTe${}_2$ heterostructure
• Origin of Rashba-splitting in the quantized subbands at Bi2Se3 surface
• Engineered Near-Perfect Back-Scattering on Surface of Topological Insulator with Non-Magnetic Impurities
• Image-potential-induced spin-orbit interaction in one-dimensional electron systems
• Andreev Reflection in Fermi Arc Surface States of Weyl Semimetals
• Large Bilinear Magnetoresistance from Rashba Spin-Splitting on the Surface of a Topological Insulator
• ARPES insights on the metallic states of YbB6(001): E(k) dispersion, temporal changes and spatial variation
• Charge and spin photocurrents in the Rashba model
• Controlling the 2DEG states evolution at a metal/Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ interface
• Tuning and Stabilizing Topological Insulator Bi2Se3 in the Intrinsic Regime by Charge Extraction with Organic Overlayers
• Reversible tuning of the surface state in a psuedo-binary Bi2(Te-Se)3 topological insulator
• Impact of ultrafast transport on the high-energy states of a photoexcited topological insulator
• Josephson Effect and Charge Distribution in Thin Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ Topological Insulators
• Screening and atomic-scale engineering of the potential at a topological insulator surface
• Tuning the topological character of half-Heusler systems: A comparative study on Y$T$Bi ($T$ = Pd, Pt)
• Interlayer excitons with tunable dispersion relation
• Instability of the topological surface state in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ upon deposition of gold
• Bulk contribution to magnetotransport properties of low defect-density Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ topological insulator thin films
• Band tilt induced nonlinear Nernst effect in topological insulators: An efficient generation of high-performance spin polarization
• Topological insulator spin transistor
• Spin-Polarized Quantum Well States on Bi${}_{2-x}$Fe${}_x$Se${}_3$
• Spatially varying electronic dephasing in three dimensional topological insulators
• Angle-resolved and core-level photoemission study of interfacing the topological insulator Bi1.5Sb0.5Te1.7Se1.3 with Ag, Nb and Fe
• Simultaneous Magnetic and Charge Doping of Topological Insulators with Carbon
• Ambipolar surface state transport in non-metallic stoichiometric Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ crystals
• Quantum oscillations of the topological surface states in low carrier concentration crystals of Bi${}_{2-x}$Sb${}_x$Te${}_{3-y}$Se${}_y$
• Opposite current-induced spin polarizations in bulk-metallic Bi2Se3 and bulk-insulating Bi2Te2Se topological insulator thin flakes
• Nearly-free-electron system of monolayer Na on the surface of single-crystal HfSe${}_2$
• Thermoelectric and optical probes for a Fermi surface topology change in noncentrosymmetric metals
• Coherent surface-to-bulk vibrational coupling in the 2D topologically trivial insulator Bi2Se3 monitored by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy
• A robust weak topological insulator in a bismuth halide Bi4Br2I2
• Electronic Structure of Fe${}_{1.08}$Te bulk crystals and epitaxial FeTe thin films on Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Spatial Control of Charge Doping in n-Type Topological Insulators
• Pair spin-orbit interaction in low-dimensional electron systems
• Dynamic Opening of a Gap in Dirac Surface States of the Thin-Film 3D Topological Insulator Bi2Se3 Driven by the Dynamic Rashba Effect
• Electron correlations due to pair spin-orbit interaction in 2D electron systems
• Scattering properties of the three-dimensional topological insulator Sb2Te3: Coexistence of topologically trivial and non-trivial surface states with opposite spin-momentum helicity
• Residual gas absorption effect on the electronic structure of Cr-doped Bi2Se3
• Direct Visualization and Manipulation of Tunable Quantum Well State in Semiconducting Nb2SiTe4
• Inter-orbital Cooper pairing at finite energies in Rashba surface states
• Rashba Effect and Raman Spectra of Tl${}_2$O/PtS${}_2$ Heterostructure
• Micro-metric electronic patterning of a topological band structure using a photon beam
• Experimental observation and spin texture of Dirac node arcs in tetradymite topological metals
• Parasitic conduction channels in topological insulator thin films
• Magnetotransport and Berry phase Tuning in Gd-doped Bi2Se3 Topological Insulator Single Crystals
• Reducing the impact of bulk doping on transport properties of Bi-based 3D topological insulators
• Inverse Spin Hall Effect Induced by Asymmetric Illumination of Light on Topological Insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Resonant Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance Induced by Magnetic Proximity
• Chemically gated electronic structure of a superconducting doped topological insulator system
• Electron dynamics in topological insulator based semiconductor-metal interfaces (topological p-n interface based on Bi2Se3 class)
• Strong and Weak Three-Dimensional Topological Insulators Probed by Surface Science Methods
• Spin-dependent electron-electron interaction in Rashba materials
• Magnetoelectric torque and edge currents caused by spin-orbit coupling
• Dynamical polarization and plasmons in noncentrosymmetric metals
• Unidirectional Seebeck effect from Rashba spin-orbit coupling on the subsurface of Ge(111)
• Weyl semimetallic, Néel, spiral, and vortex states in the Rashba-Hubbard model
• Universal Conductance Fluctuations of Topological Insulators
• Semiclassical spin transport in LaO/STO system in the presence of multiple Rashba spin orbit couplings
• Interplay between Topological States and Rashba States as Manifested on Surface Steps at Room Temperature
• Bound electron pairs formed by the spin-orbit interaction in 2D gated structures
• Electron Interactions in Rashba Materials
• Topologically protected states in $\delta$-doped junctions with band inversion
• Anomalously large spin-current voltages on the surface of SmB${}_6$
• Non-linear hybrid surface-defect states in defective Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Spin Hall conductance in a Y-shaped junction device in presence of tunable spin-orbit coupling
• Bulk spin conductivity of three-dimensional topological insulator
• Terahertz time-domain signatures of the inverse Edelstein effect in topological-insulator|ferromagnet heterostructures
• Scaling law for the Rashba-type spin splitting in quantum well films
• Longitudinal and transverse mobilities of $n$-type monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides in the presence of proximity-induced interactions at low temperature
• Reversible Modification of Rashba States in Topological Insulators at Room Temperature by Edge Functionalization
• Non-local Chemical Potential Modulation in Topological Insulators Via Electric Field Driven Trapped Charge Migration
• Interplay between surface Dirac and Rashba states specific for topologically nontrivial van der Waals superlattices
• Magnetically induced spin reorientation on the surface of a topological insulator (a surface magnetic topological insulator MBE film)
• Bulk Rashba spin splitting and Dirac surface state in $p$-type (Bi${}_{0.9}$Sb${}_{0.1}{)}_2$Se${}_3$ single crystal
• The Coulomb impurity in 2D materials with strong spin-orbit interaction
• Transport spectroscopy for Paschen-Back splitting of Landau levels in InAs nanowires
• Enhanced Edelstein effect and interdimensional effects in an electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling interface
• Terahertz electro-optic effect in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ crystals