Circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of topological insulators

Abstract

Topological insulators are a new phase of matter that exhibits exotic surface electronic properties. Determining the spin texture of this class of material is of paramount importance for both fundamental understanding of its topological order and future spin-based applications. In this article, we review the recent experimental and theoretical studies on the differential coupling of left- versus right-circularly polarized light to the topological surface states in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. These studies have shown that the polarization of light and the experimental geometry plays a very important role in both photocurrent intensity and spin polarization of photoelectrons emitted from the topological surface states. A general photoemission matrix element calculation with spin-orbit coupling can quantitatively explain the observations and is also applicable to topologically trivial systems. These experimental and theoretical investigations suggest that optical excitation with circularly polarized light is a promising route towards mapping the spin-orbit texture and manipulating the spin orientation in topological and other spin-orbit coupled materials.

arXiv commentsubmitted to Phys. Status Solidi RRL

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• Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Studies of Quantum Materials
• Local Berry curvature signatures in dichroic angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
• Coexistence of Surface Ferromagnetism and Gapless Topological State in MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$
• Presence of Exotic Electronic Surface States in LaBi and LaSb
• How Circular Dichroism in time- and angle-resolved photoemission can be used to spectroscopically detect transient topological states in graphene
• Detecting fractional Chern insulators through circular dichroism
• The importance of Charge Fluctuations for the Topological Phase in SmB${}_6$
• Quantization in chiral higher order topological insulators: circular dichroism and local Chern marker
• Origins of electronic bands in antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$
• Oscillatory surface dichroism of an insulating topological insulator Bi2Te2Se
• Full Hydrodynamic Model of Nonlinear Electromagnetic Response in Metallic Metamaterials
• Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission on topological materials
• Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Study on the Surface States of the Correlated Topological Insulator YbB6
• Determine the chirality of Weyl fermions from the circular dichroism spectra of time-dependent ARPES
• The momentum and photon energy dependence of the circular dichroic photoemission in the bulk Rashba semiconductors BiTeX (X = I, Br, Cl)
• Observation of Dirac surface states in the hexagonal PtBi2, a possible origin of the linear magnetoresistance
• Helicity dependent photovoltaic effect in Bi2Se3 under normal incident light
• Photoemission Circular Dichroism and Spin Polarization of the Topological Surface States in Ultrathin Bi2Te3 Films
• Polarization control of attosecond pulses using bi-chromatic elliptically polarized laser
• Pseudo-Spin, Real-Spin and Spin Polarization of Photo-emitted Electrons
• The anomalous spin texture as the probe for interactions in $B{i}_{2-y}S{b}_{y}S{e}_{x}T{e}_{3-x}$
• A first-principles investigation of band inversion in topologically nontrivial Na2AgX (X= As, Sb and Bi) full Heusler compounds
• Direct Transition Resonance in Atomically Uniform Topological Sb(111) Thin Films
• The electronic structure of Mn${}_{1-x}$Pb${}_x$Bi${}_2$Te${}_4$: experimental evidence of topological phase transition
• Observation of unexpected band splitting and magnetically-induced band structure reconstruction in TbTi${}_3$Bi${}_4$
• Optical control of electrons in a Floquet topological insulator
• Hedgehog-like spin texture in Sb-doped MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$