Covariant conservation laws and the spin Hall effect in Dirac-Rashba systems

Abstract

We present a theoretical analysis of two-dimensional Dirac-Rashba systems in the presence of disorder and external perturbations. We unveil a set of exact symmetry relations (Ward identities) that impose strong constraints on the spin dynamics of Dirac fermions subject to proximity-induced interactions. This allows us to demonstrate that an arbitrary dilute concentration of scalar impurities results in the total suppression of nonequilibrium spin Hall currents when only Rashba spin-orbit coupling is present. Remarkably, a finite spin Hall conductivity is restored when the minimal Dirac-Rashba model is supplemented with a spin-valley interaction. The Ward identities provide a systematic way to predict the emergence of the spin Hall effect in a wider class of Dirac-Rashba systems of experimental relevance and represent an important benchmark for testing the validity of numerical methodologies.

arXiv comment5 pages, 2 figures + supplemental material (5 pages); accepted version

References in corpus (38)

• Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Graphene
• Spin torque switching with the giant spin Hall effect of tantalum
• Spin Hall effect
• Direct electronic measurement of the spin Hall effect
• Experimental observation of the spin-Hall effect in a two dimensional spin-orbit coupled semiconductor system
• Spin Hall Magnetoresistance Induced by a Non-Equilibrium Proximity Effect
• Emergent Phenomena Induced by Spin-Orbit Coupling at Surfaces and Interfaces
• Colloquium: The transport properties of graphene: An introduction
• Giant Spin-splitting in the Bi/Ag(111) Surface Alloy
• Strong spin-orbit splitting on Bi surfaces
• Proximity-induced ferromagnetism in graphene revealed by anomalous Hall effect
• Spin-Orbit Proximity Effect in Graphene
• Spin current and polarization in impure 2D electron systems with spin-orbit coupling
• Large tuneable Rashba spin splitting of a two-dimensional electron gas in Bi2Se3
• Strong interface-induced spin-orbit coupling in graphene on WS2
• Suppression of the Persistent Spin Hall Current by Defect Scattering
• Graphene for spintronics: giant Rashba splitting due to hybridization with Au
• Semiclassical theories of the anomalous Hall effect
• Theory of the anomalous Hall effect from the Kubo formula and the Dirac equation
• Trivial and inverted Dirac bands, and emergence of quantum spin Hall states in graphene on transition-metal dichalcogenides
• Graphene with Structure-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling: Spin-Polarized States, Spin Zero Modes, and Quantum Hall Effect
• Rashba spin-splitting control at the surface of the topological insulator Bi2Se3
• Model spin-orbit coupling Hamiltonians for graphene systems
• Ideal two-dimensional electron systems with a giant Rashba-type spin splitting in real materials: surfaces of bismuth tellurohalides
• Spin-Hall effect in a disordered 2D electron-system
• Origin and magnitude of 'designer' spin-orbit interaction in graphene on semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides
• Strong electron-hole symmetric Rashba spin-orbit coupling in graphene/monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures
• Rashba type spin-orbit splitting of quantum well states in ultrathin Pb films
• Real-space calculation of the conductivity tensor for disordered topological matter
• Nonexistence of intrinsic spin currents
• Origin of inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect at Cu/Bi interface using lateral spin valves
• Tunable spin-gaps in a quantum-confined geometry
• Quantum Diagrammatic Theory of the Extrinsic Spin Hall Effect in Graphene
• Spin Hall effect in a system of Dirac fermions in the honeycomb lattice with intrinsic and Rashba spin-orbit interaction
• Robust to impurity-scattering spin Hall effect in two-dimensional electron gas
• Off-Fermi surface cancellation effects in spin-Hall conductivity of a two-dimensional Rashba electron gas
• Efficient Linear Scaling Approach for Computing the Kubo Hall Conductivity
• Spin Hall effect in graphene due to random Rashba field

Cited by in corpus (51)

• Van der Waals heterostructures for spintronics and opto-spintronics
• Colloquium: Spintronics in graphene and other two-dimensional materials
• Room temperature spin Hall effect in graphene/MoS${}_2$ van der Waals heterostructures
• Charge-to-Spin Conversion by the Rashba-Edelstein Effect in 2D van der Waals Heterostructures up to Room Temperature
• Spin transport in graphene/transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures
• Tunable room-temperature spin galvanic and spin Hall effects in van der Waals heterostructures
• Electrical control of magnetism by electric field and current-induced torques
• Linear Scaling Quantum Transport Methodologies
• Orbital Hall Insulating Phase in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers
• KITE: high-performance accurate modelling of electronic structure and response functions of large molecules, disordered crystals and heterostructures
• Orbital Hall effect in bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides: From the intra-atomic approximation to the Bloch states orbital magnetic moment approach
• Gate-Tunable Reversible Rashba-Edelstein Effect in a Few-Layer Graphene/2H-TaS2 Heterostructure at Room Temperature
• Two-dimensional orbital Hall insulators
• Gate tunability of highly efficient spin-to-charge conversion by spin Hall effect in graphene proximitized with WSe${}_2$
• Charge-to-spin conversion in twisted graphene/WSe${}_2$ heterostructures
• Microscopic Theory of Spin Relaxation Anisotropy in Graphene with Proximity-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Twist- and gate-tunable proximity spin-orbit coupling, spin relaxation anisotropy, and charge-to-spin conversion in heterostructures of graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides
• Twist-angle tunable spin texture in WSe${}_2$/graphene van der Waals heterostructures
• Scattering-induced and highly tunable by gate damping-like spin-orbit torque in graphene doubly proximitized by two-dimensional magnet Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$ and WS${}_2$
• Electrically Controlled Spin Injection from Giant Rashba Spin-Orbit Conductor BiTeBr
• Twist Angle Controlled Collinear Edelstein Effect in van der Waals Heterostructures
• Proximity effects in graphene on monolayers of transition-metal phosphorus trichalcogenides MPX${}_3$
• Crystal-field effects in graphene with interface-induced spin-orbit coupling
• Omnidirectional spin-to-charge conversion in graphene/NbSe${}_2$ van der Waals heterostructures
• Spin Hall Effect in Bilayer Graphene Combined with an Insulator up to Room Temperature
• Role of Disorder in the Intrinsic Orbital Hall Effect
• Skew-scattering-induced giant antidamping spin-orbit torques: Collinear and out-of-plane Edelstein effects at two-dimensional material/ferromagnet interfaces
• Spin-orbit-proximitized ferromagnetic metal by monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide: Atlas of spectral functions, spin textures and spin-orbit torques in Co/MoSe${}_2$, Co/WSe${}_2$ and Co/TaSe${}_2$ heterostructures
• Weak localization in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers and their heterostructures with graphene
• Magnon-driven chiral charge and spin pumping and electron-magnon scattering from time-dependent quantum transport combined with atomistic spin dynamics theory
• Unambiguous Electrical Detection of Spin-Charge Conversion in Lateral Spin-Valves
• Control of charge-spin interconversion in van der Waals heterostructures with chiral charge density waves
• Microscopic linear response theory of spin relaxation and relativistic transport phenomena in graphene
• Gate-tunable spin Hall effect in an all-light-element heterostructure: graphene with copper oxide
• High-resolution real-space evaluation of the self-energy operator of disordered lattices: Gade singularity, spin-orbit effects and p-wave superconductivity
• Spin Hall angle fluctuations in a disorder device
• Spin Hall Effect: Symmetry Breaking, Twisting, and Giant Disorder Renormalization
• Spintronics in 2D graphene-based van der Waals heterostructures
• Spin Hall and inverse spin galvanic effects in graphene with strong interfacial spin-orbit coupling: a quasi-classical Green's function approach
• Nonperturbative approach to interfacial spin-orbit torques induced by Rashba effect
• All-electrical creation and control of giant spin-galvanic effect in 1T-MoTe2/graphene heterostructures at room temperature
• Theory of spin-charge-coupled transport in proximitized graphene: An SO(5) algebraic approach
• Charge-spin interconversion in graphene-based systems from density functional theory
• Theory of Spin Injection in Two-dimensional Metals with Proximity-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Gate-tunable spin Hall effect in trilayer graphene/group-IV monochalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures
• Electric field effect on electron gas spins in two-dimensional magnets with strong spin-orbit coupling
• Designer spin-orbit superlattices: symmetry-protected Dirac cones and spin Berry curvature in two-dimensional van der Waals metamaterials
• Intrinsic Spin Hall Effect with Spin-Tensor-Momentum Coupling
• The spin Hall effect
• Comparing the Extrinsic Orbital Hall Effect in Centrosymmetric and Noncentrosymmetric Systems: Insights from Bilayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
• Reconciling Kubo and Keldysh Approaches to Fermi-Sea-Dependent Nonequilibrium Observables: Application to Spin Hall Current and Spin-Orbit Torque in Spintronics