Strong size evolution of the most massive galaxies since z~2

Abstract

Using the combined capabilities of the large near-infrared Palomar/DEEP-2 survey, and the superb resolution of the ACS HST camera, we explore the size evolution of 831 very massive galaxies (M*>10^{11}h_{70}^{-2}M_sun) since z~2. We split our sample according to their light concentration using the Sersic index n. At a given stellar mass, both low (n<2.5) and high (n>2.5) concentrated objects were much smaller in the past than their local massive counterparts. This evolution is particularly strong for the highly concentrated (spheroid-like) objects. At z~1.5, massive spheroid-like objects were a factor of 4(+-0.4) smaller (i.e. almost two orders of magnitudes denser) than those we see today. These small sized, high mass galaxies do not exist in the nearby Universe, suggesting that this population merged with other galaxies over several billion years to form the largest galaxies we see today.

MNRAS in press, 13 pages, 11 figures. Data Table will be published in its integrity in the MNRAS online version

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• Mass and size growth of early-type galaxies by dry mergers in cluster environments
• Relic galaxy analogues in Illustris TNG50: the formation pathways of surviving red nuggets in a cosmological simulation
• Stellar populations, stellar masses and the formation of galaxy bulges and discs at $z<3$ in CANDELS
• Deep Extragalactic VIsible Legacy Survey (DEVILS): The emergence of bulges and decline of disk growth since $z=1$
• Cosmological Simulations of Massive Compact High-z Galaxies
• A tale of a rich cluster at z$\sim$0.8 as seen by the Star Formation Histories of its ETGs
• DAWN JWST Archive: Morphology from profile fitting of over 340 000 galaxies in major fields
• The Effects of an AGN on Host Galaxy Colour and Morphology Measurements
• Data and 2D scaling relations for galaxies in Abell 1689: a hint of size evolution at z~0.2
• The ALHAMBRA survey: tight dependence of the optical mass-to-light ratio on galaxy colour up to z = 1.5
• The evolution of compact massive quiescent and starforming galaxies derived from the $R_e-R_h$ and $M_{\mathrm{star}}-M_h$ relations
• Evolution of Massive Galaxy Structural Properties and Sizes via Star Formation In the GOODS NICMOS Survey
• A Search for Moderate-Redshift Survivors from the Population of Luminous Compact Passive Galaxies at High Redshift
• HerMES : SPIRE detection of high redshift massive compact galaxies in GOODS-N field
• The role of quenching time in the evolution of the mass-size relation of passive galaxies from the WISP survey
• Characterizing the satellites of massive galaxies up to z~2: young populations to build the outskirts of nearby massive galaxies
• The Structures of Distant Galaxies V: The Evolution of Galaxy Structure in Stellar Mass at z < 1
• Exploring the progenitors of brightest cluster galaxies at z~2
• Imaging of Three Possible Low Redshift Analogs to High Redshift Compact Red Galaxies
• Compact galaxies and the size-mass galaxy distribution from a colour-selected sample at 0.04 < z < 0.15 supplemented by ugrizYJHK photometric redshifts
• Compact Quiescent Galaxies at Intermediate Redshifts
• On the limits of measuring the bulge and disk properties of local and high-redshift massive galaxies
• Physical properties of compact star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 2-3$
• Color gradients reflect an inside-out growth in early-type galaxies of the cluster MACS J1206.2-0847
• JADES: Rest-frame UV-to-NIR Size Evolution of Massive Quiescent Galaxies from Redshift z=5 to z=0.5
• The evolution of radial gradients of MaNGA quiescent elliptical galaxies: inside-out quenching or outer mass growth?
• Nature versus nurture: relic nature and environment of the most massive passive galaxies at $z<0.5$
• Bimodal morphologies of massive galaxies at the core of a protocluster at z=3.09 and the strong size growth of a brightest cluster galaxy
• Host galaxy properties and environment of obscured and unobscured X-ray selected Active Galactic Nuclei in the COSMOS survey
• Galaxy chemical evolution models: The role of molecular gas formation
• Quantified HI Morphology V: HI Disks in the Virgo Cluster
• Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): Probing the merger histories of massive galaxies via stellar populations
• Lessons from the massive relic NGC 1277: remaining in-situ star formation in the cores of massive galaxies
• The fate of a red nugget: In-situ star formation of satellites around a massive compact galaxy
• Detection of Prominent Stellar Disks in the Progenitors of Present-day Massive Elliptical Galaxies
• A Nearby Analog of z~2 Compact Quiescent Galaxies with a Rotating Disk
• The supermassive black hole merger driven evolution of high-redshift red nuggets into present-day cored early-type galaxies
• The mass dependence of structure, star formation rate, and mass assembly mode at 0.5<z< 2.5
• On the multiplicity of ALMA Compact Array counterparts of far-infrared bright quasars
• Spatially-resolved stellar populations and kinematics with KCWI: probing the assembly history of the massive early-type galaxy NGC 1407
• Scaling relations of z~0.25-1.5 galaxies in various environments from the morpho-kinematic analysis of the MAGIC sample
• MOIRCS Deep Survey. VII: NIR Morphologies of Star-forming Galaxies at Redshift z~1
• Pseudo-Evolution of Galaxies in LCDM Cosmology
• The size--mass and other structural parameter ($n,{\mu }_z,R_z$) relations for local bulges/spheroids from multicomponent decompositions
• GECO: Galaxy Evolution COde - A new semi-analytical model of galaxy formation
• Galaxy growth by merging in the nearby universe
• Structures, stellar population properties, AGN fractions, and environments of massive compact galaxies at $1<z<2$ in 3D--{\it HST}/CANDELS
• Structural analysis of massive galaxies using HST deep imaging at z < 0.5
• The differences between mass- and light-derived structural parameters over time for MaNGA Elliptical galaxies
• The host galaxy of OJ 287 revealed by optical and near-infrared imaging
• Dynamical masses and non-homology of massive elliptical galaxies grown by dry mergers
• The MOSDEF Survey: An Improved Voronoi Binning Technique on Spatially Resolved Stellar Populations at z~2
• Size and Spectroscopic Evolution of HectoMAP Quiescent Galaxies
• Environments of red nuggets at z~0.7 from the VIPERS survey
• The MOSDEF Survey: The Dependence of H$\alpha$-to-UV SFR Ratios on SFR and Size at $z\sim 2$
• Adaptive optics observations of the gravitationally lensed quasar SDSS J1405+0959
• The merger history of massive spheroids since z~1 is size independent
• Isophote Shapes of Early-Type Galaxies in Massive Clusters at $z\sim 1$ and 0
• The coevolution of the velocity and mass functions of galaxies and dark haloes
• The Habitability of Large Elliptical Galaxies
• The changing ISM of massive elliptical galaxies and cosmic evolution of radio galaxies and quasars
• Is there substructure around M87?
• The central dark matter fraction of massive early-type galaxies
• Radial Distribution of Near-UV Flux in Disc Galaxies in the range 0<z<1
• Smaller stellar disc scale lengths in rich environments
• COOL-LAMPS II. Characterizing the Size and Star Formation History of a Bright Strongly Lensed Early-Type Galaxy at Redshift 1.02
• The PSF Smoothing Effect on Concentration-Related Parameters of High Redshift Galaxies in HST and JWST
• Constraints on the evolutionary mechanisms of massive galaxies since $z\sim 1$ from their velocity dispersions
• Dust Heating by Low-mass Stars in Massive Galaxies at z<1
• Size Evolution of Early-Type Galaxies and Massive Compact Objects as the Dark Matter
• The Fundamental Plane of Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z~2
• The dark matter halo masses of elliptical galaxies as a function of observationally robust quantities
• MOIRCS Deep Survey V: A Universal Relation for Stellar Mass and Surface Brightness of Galaxies
• HELLO project: High-$z$ Evolution of Large and Luminous Objects
• The Halo Masses of Galaxies to $z\sim 3$: A Hybrid Observational and Theoretical Approach
• Measuring Structural Parameters Through Stacking Galaxy Images
• Decoding NGC 7252 as a blue elliptical galaxy
• The morphologies and masses of extremely red galaxies in the Groth Strip survey
• Extremely Low Molecular Gas Content in the Vicinity of a Red Nugget Galaxy at $z=1.91$
• The Evolution of Bulge-Dominated Field Galaxies from z~1 to the Present
• Dark Matter Redistribution Explains Galaxy Growth and Rotation Curve Development
• Satellites and central galaxies in SDSS: the influence of interactions on their properties
• SDSS J122958.84+000138.0: A Compact, Optically red galaxy
• Identification and Quenching of Nugget Galaxies in the RESOLVE Survey at z = 0
• The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): The sizes and merger fraction of star-forming galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization
• The size and mass evolution of the massive galaxies over cosmic time
• Linking Compact Dwarf Starburst Galaxies in the RESOLVE Survey to Downsized Blue Nuggets
• Evolution of Size, Mass, and Density of Galaxies Since Cosmic Dawn
• Late growth of early-type galaxies in low-z massive clusters
• Dynamics of merging: Post-merger mixing and relaxation of an Illustris galaxy
• Scaling relations of early-type galaxies in MOND
• Reconstructing the mass accretion histories of nearby Red Nuggets with their globular cluster systems
• The LEGA-C and SAMI Galaxy Surveys: Quiescent Stellar Populations and the Mass-Size Plane across 6 Gyr
• Early-type Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Universe. Evidence of Ex-situ Growth
• Panchromatic properties of galaxies in wide-field optical spectroscopic and photometric surveys
• The outer halos of elliptical galaxies
• Spatially resolved stellar-to-total dynamical mass relation: Radial variations, gradients and profiles of galaxy stellar populations
• The Kormendy relation of cluster galaxies in PPS regions
• Velocity Dispersions and Stellar Populations of the Most Compact and Massive Early-Type Galaxies at Redshift ~1
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: How the stellar populations of passive central galaxies depend on stellar and halo mass
• Quiescent Galaxy Size, Velocity Dispersion, and Dynamical Mass Evolution
• GalSBI-SPS: a stellar population synthesis-based galaxy population model for cosmology and galaxy evolution applications
• COSMOS-Web: Galaxy Size and Surface Brightness Evolution at Rest-Frame 1.22 $\mu$m Since $z=3$
• The $10\mathrm{kpc}$ collar of early-type galaxies -- probing evolution by focusing on the inner stellar density profile
• A multiwavelength study of near- and mid-infrared selected galaxies at high redshift: ERGs, AGN-identification and the contribution from dust
• Structural evolution of quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshifts at UV and red rest-frame wavelengths
• The multiwavelength structure of post-starburst galaxies at 0.5 < z < 3 with JWST PRIMER: compact morphologies and residual disturbances
• Early type galaxies and structural parameters from ESO public survey KiDS