Size evolution of the most massive galaxies at 1.7<z<3 from GOODS NICMOS survey imaging

Abstract

We measure the sizes of 82 massive (M>10^11 M_sun) galaxies at 1.7<z<3 utilizing deep HST NICMOS data taken in the GOODS North and South fields. Our sample is almost an order of magnitude larger than previous studies at these redshifts, providing the first statistical study of massive galaxy sizes at z>2, confirming the extreme compactness of these galaxies. We split our sample into disk-like (n<2) and spheroid-like (n>2) galaxies based on their Sersic indices, and find that at a given stellar mass disk-like galaxies at z~2.3 are a factor of 2.6+/-0.3 smaller than present day equal mass systems, and spheroid-like galaxies at the same redshifts are 4.3+/-0.7 smaller than comparatively massive elliptical galaxies today. At z>2 our results are compatible with both a leveling off, or a mild evolution in size. Furthermore, the high density (~2x10^10 M_sun kpc^-3) of massive galaxies at these redshifts, which are similar to present day globular clusters, possibly makes any further evolution in sizes beyond z=3 unlikely.

arXiv comment5 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, accepted by ApJ Letters, minor changes added to match the accepted version

References in corpus (41)

• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• On the variation of the Initial Mass Function
• Detailed Structural Decomposition of Galaxy Images
• The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey: Initial Results From Optical and Near-Infrared Imaging
• Multiwavelength study of massive galaxies at z~2. I. Star formation and galaxy growth
• The size distribution of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• A Physical Model for the Co-evolution of QSOs and of their Spheroidal Hosts
• Passively Evolving Early-type Galaxies at 1.4<z<2.5 in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• Confirmation of the remarkable compactness of massive quiescent galaxies at z~2.3: early-type galaxies did not form in a simple monolithic collapse
• The Mass Assembly History of Field Galaxies: Detection of an Evolving Mass Limit for Star Forming Galaxies
• A Direct Measurement of Major Galaxy Mergers at z < 3
• Strong size evolution of the most massive galaxies since z~2
• The size evolution of galaxies since z~3: combining SDSS, GEMS and FIRES
• Formation of early-type galaxies from cosmological initial conditions
• Evidence for TP-AGB stars in high redshift galaxies, and their effect on deriving stellar population parameters
• Spitzer Observations of Massive Red Galaxies at High Redshift
• GMASS Ultradeep Spectroscopy of Galaxies at 1.4<z<2. II. Superdense passive galaxies: how did they form and evolve ?
• Dry Mergers in GEMS: The Dynamical Evolution of Massive Early-Type Galaxies
• The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey - VLT/VIMOS Spectroscopy in the GOODS-South Field: Part II
• A simple model for the size-evolution of elliptical galaxies
• HST and Spitzer imaging of red and blue galaxies at z~2.5: A correlation between size and star formation activity from compact quiescent galaxies to extended star forming galaxies
• Extremely compact massive galaxies at z~1.4
• GEMS: The Size Evolution of Disk Galaxies
• The Structures of Distant Galaxies I: Galaxy Structures and the Merger Rate to z~3 in the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field
• Red Mergers and the Assembly of Massive Elliptical Galaxies: the Fundamental Plane and its Projections
• NICMOS Imaging of DRGs in the HDF-S: A Relation Between Star-Formation and Size at z ~ 2.5
• Evolution of Disk Galaxies in the GOODS-South Field: Number Densities and Size Distribution
• The Luminosity-Size and Mass-Size Relations of Galaxies out to z~3
• The Kormendy relation of massive elliptical galaxies at z~1.5. Evidence for size evolution ?
• The Abundance of Distant and Extremely Red Galaxies: The Role of AGN Feedback in Hierarchical Models
• The Evolution of Early-type Red Galaxies with the GEMS Survey: Luminosity-size and Stellar Mass-size Relations Since z=1
• Quantitative Morphology of Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field
• The Properties and Evolution of a K-band Selected Sample of Massive Galaxies at z~0.4 - 2 in the Palomar/DEEP2 Survey
• High-Redshift Extremely Red Objects in the HST Ultra Deep Field Revealed by the GOODS IRAC Observations
• Dependence of Galaxy Structure on Rest-frame Wavelength and Galaxy Type
• The Mbh-sigma relation as a constraint on the formation of elliptical galaxies
• Are dry mergers of Ellipticals the way to reconcile model predictions with the downsizing?
• The Lack of Structural and Dynamical Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies since z ~ 1.5: Clues from Self-Consistent Hydrodynamical Simulations
• FIREWORKS U38-to-24 micron photometry of the GOODS-CDFS: multi-wavelength catalog and total IR properties of distant Ks-selected galaxies
• Keck Spectroscopy of Globular Clusters in the Virgo Cluster Dwarf Elliptical VCC 1386

Cited by in corpus (338)

• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• 3D-HST+CANDELS: The Evolution of the Galaxy Size-Mass Distribution since $z=3$
• Structure and Formation of Elliptical and Spheroidal Galaxies
• The Growth of Massive Galaxies Since z=2
• The Relation Between Compact, Quiescent High Redshift Galaxies and Massive Nearby Elliptical Galaxies: Evidence for Hierarchical, Inside-Out Growth
• The Evolution of Galaxy Structure over Cosmic Time
• UV-continuum slopes at z~4-7 from the HUDF09+ERS+CANDELS observations: Discovery of a well-defined UV-color magnitude relationship for z>=4 star-forming galaxies
• Can Minor Merging Account for the Size Growth of Quiescent Galaxies? New Results from the CANDELS Survey
• The Dependence of Type Ia Supernova Luminosities on their Host Galaxies
• The cosmological size and velocity dispersion evolution of massive early-type galaxies
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): mass-size relations of z$<$0.1 galaxies subdivided by Sérsic index, colour and morphology
• How do minor mergers promote inside-out growth of ellipticals, transforming the size, density profile and dark matter fraction?
• The evolving relations between size, mass, surface density, and star formation in 3x10^4 galaxies since z=2
• A universal structural and star-forming relation since $z\sim 3$: connecting compact star-forming and quiescent galaxies
• The Formation of Massive, Compact Galaxies at z=2 in the Illustris Simulation
• Where stars form: inside-out growth and coherent star formation from HST Halpha maps of 2676 galaxies across the main sequence at z~1
• Compact High-Redshift Galaxies Are the Cores of the Most Massive Present-Day Spheroids
• The SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: ALMA resolves the rest-frame far-infrared emission of sub-millimeter galaxies
• Structure and Morphologies of z~7-8 Galaxies from ultra-deep WFC3/IR Imaging of the HUDF
• The Majority of Compact Massive Galaxies at z~2 are Disk Dominated
• Discriminating Between the Physical Processes that Drive Spheroid Size Evolution
• The KMOS Redshift One Spectroscopic Survey (KROSS): Dynamical properties, gas and dark matter fractions of typical z~1 star-forming galaxies
• COSMOS-DASH: The Evolution of the Galaxy Size-Mass Relation Since z~3 from new Wide Field WFC3 Imaging Combined with CANDELS/3DHST
• Clumpy Galaxies in GOODS and GEMS: Massive Analogs of Local Dwarf Irregulars
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Rich z=1.80 Galaxy Cluster JKCS 041 Using the WFC3 Grism: Environmental Trends in the Ages and Structure of Quiescent Galaxies
• The sizes, masses and specific star-formation rates of massive galaxies at 1.3<z<1.5: strong evidence in favour of evolution via minor mergers
• Superdense massive galaxies in the Nearby Universe
• Sizes and surface brightness profiles of quiescent galaxies at z ~ 2
• CANDELS+3D-HST: compact SFGs at z~2-3, the progenitors of the first quiescent galaxies
• Dissecting the size evolution of elliptical galaxies since z~1: puffing up vs minor merging scenarios
• Superdense galaxies and the mass-size relation at low redshift
• The structures and total (minor + major) merger histories of massive galaxies up to z = 3 in the HST GOODS NICMOS Survey: A possible solution to the size evolution problem
• Superdense Massive Galaxies in Wings Local Clusters
• The Morphologies of Massive Galaxies at 1<z<3 in the CANDELS-UDS Field: Compact Bulges, and the Rise and Fall of Massive Disks
• On Sizes, Kinematics, M/L Gradients, and Light Profiles of Massive Compact Galaxies at z~2
• Dynamical masses of early-type galaxies at z~2: Are they truly superdense?
• Red Nuggets at High Redshift: Structural Evolution of Quiescent Galaxies Over 10 Gyr of Cosmic History
• Early type galaxies have been the predominant morphological class for massive galaxies since only z~1
• The Redshift and Mass Dependence on the Formation of The Hubble Sequence at z>1 from CANDELS/UDS
• On the Size and Comoving Mass Density Evolution of Early-Type Galaxies
• CANDELS Observations of the Structural Properties and Evolution of Galaxies in a Cluster at z=1.62
• An HST/WFC3-IR Morphological Survey of Galaxies at z = 1.5-3.6: I. Survey Description and Morphological Properties of Star Forming Galaxies
• Relaxation and Stripping: The Evolution of Sizes, Dispersions and Dark Matter Fractions in Major and Minor Mergers of Elliptical Galaxies
• Deep near-infrared spectroscopy of passively evolving galaxies at z>1.4
• Size Evolution of Spheroids in a Hierarchical Universe
• On the Dearth of Compact, Massive, Red Sequence Galaxies in the Local Universe
• The importance of minor-merger-driven star formation and black-hole growth in disk galaxies
• The dominant role of mergers in the size evolution of massive early-type galaxies since z ~ 1
• Physical Properties of Galaxies from z=2-4
• Panic! At the Disks: First Rest-frame Optical Observations of Galaxy Structure at $z>3$ with JWST in the SMACS 0723 Field
• Cosmic Evolution of Size and Velocity Dispersion for Early Type Galaxies
• The Dawes Review 1: Kinematic studies of star-forming galaxies across cosmic time
• The evolution of the mass-size relation for early type galaxies from z~1 to the present: dependence on environment, mass-range and detailed morphology
• The relative abundance of compact and normal massive early-type galaxies and its evolution from redshift z~2 to the present
• Galaxy evolution in overdense environments at high redshift: passive early-type galaxies in a cluster at redshift 2
• Surface density effects in quenching: cause or effect?
• Constraining The Assembly Of Normal And Compact Passively Evolving Galaxies From Redshift z=3 To The Present With CANDELS
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): ${\mathcal{M}}_{\star }-R_{\mathrm{e}}$ relations of $z=0$ bulges, discs and spheroids
• MegaMorph -- multi-wavelength measurement of galaxy structure: Sérsic profile fits to galaxies near and far
• A consistent measure of the merger histories of massive galaxies using close-pair statistics I: Major mergers at $z<3.5$
• High-redshift elliptical galaxies: are they (all) really compact?
• Keck Spectroscopy of z>1 Field Spheroidals: Dynamical Constraints on the Growth Rate of Red "Nuggets"
• Mild Velocity Dispersion Evolution of Spheroid-like Massive Galaxies since z~2
• Deconstructing the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function with UKIDSS and CANDELS: the Impact of Colour, Structure and Environment
• The ongoing assembly of a central cluster galaxy: Phase-space substructures in the halo of M87
• The stellar accretion origin of stellar population gradients in massive galaxies at large radii
• Super-solar Metal Abundances in Two Galaxies at z ~ 3.57 revealed by the GRB 090323 Afterglow Spectrum
• The Inside-out Growth of the Galactic Disk
• The fundamental plane of EDisCS galaxies - The effect of size evolution
• The Role of Black Hole Feedback on Size and Structural Evolution in Massive Galaxies
• Early formation of massive, compact, spheroidal galaxies with classical profiles by violent disc instability or mergers
• The Mass-Metallicity-SFR Relation at z >~ 2 with 3D-HST
• EPOCHS VI: The Size and Shape Evolution of Galaxies since z ~ 8 with JWST Observations
• A Deep Probe of the Galaxy Stellar Mass Functions at z~1-3 with the GOODS NICMOS Survey
• Confirmation of Enhanced Dwarf-sensitive Absorption Features in the Spectra of Massive Elliptical Galaxies: Further Evidence for a Non-universal Initial Mass Function
• The Nature of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems and Their Hosts in the Standard Cold Dark Matter Universe
• Understanding the Structural Scaling Relations of Early-Type Galaxies
• Cluster galaxies in XMMU J2235-2557: galaxy population properties in most massive environments at z~1.4
• Galaxy mergers on a moving mesh: a comparison with smoothed-particle hydrodynamics
• Molecular gas content in strongly-lensed z~1.5-3 star-forming galaxies with low IR luminosities
• Infrared color selection of massive galaxies at z > 3
• Evolution in the structural properties of early-type Brightest Cluster Galaxies at small lookback time and dependence on the environment
• Extending the evolution of the stellar mass-size relation at $z\le 2$ to low stellar mass galaxies from HFF and CANDELS
• The Pair Fraction of Massive Galaxies at 0 < z < 3
• The environmental dependence of the stellar mass-size relation in STAGES galaxies
• The population of early-type galaxies at 1<z<2 - New clues on their formation and evolution
• The Morphology of Passively Evolving Galaxies at z ~ 2 from HST/WFC3 Deep Imaging in the Hubble Ultradeep Field
• The Hubble Space Telescope GOODS NICMOS Survey: Overview and the Evolution of Massive Galaxies at 1.5 < z < 3
• Evidence for a correlation between the sizes of quiescent galaxies and local environment to z ~ 2
• Larger sizes of massive quiescent early-type galaxies in clusters than in the field at 0.8 < z < 1.5
• The Cluster Velocity Dispersion of the Abell 2199 cD Halo of NGC 6166
• The morphologies of massive galaxies from z~3 - Witnessing the 2 channels of bulge growth
• Deep Learning Identifies High-z Galaxies in a Central Blue Nugget Phase in a Characteristic Mass Range
• Keck-I MOSFIRE spectroscopy of compact star-forming galaxies at z$\gtrsim$2: High velocity dispersions in progenitors of compact quiescent galaxies
• Massive relic galaxies challenge the co-evolution of SMBHs and their host galaxies
• Hiding in plain sight: An abundance of compact massive spheroids in the local Universe
• The Bulge-Disk Decomposed Evolution of Massive Galaxies at 1<z<3 in CANDELS
• Fossil Evidence for the Two-phase Formation of Elliptical Galaxies
• The spatially resolved star formation history of CALIFA galaxies: Cosmic time scales
• The structural and dynamical properties of compact elliptical galaxies
• No evidence for a dependence of the mass size relation of early-type galaxies on environment in the local Universe
• The stellar mass-size relation for the most isolated galaxies in the local Universe
• Minor Mergers or Progenitor Bias? The Stellar Ages of Small and Large Quenched Early-Type Galaxies
• Massive Compact Galaxies with High-Velocity Outflows: Morphological Analysis and Constraints on AGN Activity
• The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey: the contribution of minor mergers to the growth of L_B >= L*_B galaxies since z ~ 1 from spectroscopically identified pairs
• Gas Accretion as a Dominant Formation Mode in Massive Galaxies from the GOODS NICMOS Survey
• The quenching of galaxies, bulges, and disks since cosmic noon: A machine learning approach for identifying causality in astronomical data
• How does galaxy environment matter? The relationship between galaxy environments, colour and stellar mass at 0.4 < z < 1 in the Palomar/DEEP2 survey
• The spatially-resolved star formation histories of CALIFA galaxies: Implications for galaxy formation
• On The Robustness of z=0-1 Galaxy Size Measurements Through Model and Non-Parametric Fits
• The effect of the environment on the stellar mass - size relation of present-day galaxies
• Minor vs Major Mergers: The Stellar Mass Growth of Massive Galaxies from z=3 using Number Density Selection Techniques
• A JWST investigation into the bar fraction at redshifts 1 < z < 3
• What shapes a galaxy? - Unraveling the role of mass, environment and star formation in forming galactic structure
• The unusual NIV]-emitter galaxy GDS J033218.92-275302.7: star formation or AGN-driven winds from a massive galaxy at z=5.56
• Detection of molecular gas in a distant submillimetre galaxy at z=4.76 with ATCA
• Insights on the Formation, Evolution, and Activity of Massive Galaxies From Ultra-Compact and Disky Galaxies at z=2-3
• The Origin of Color Gradients in Early-Type Systems and Their Compactness at High-z
• Wet Compaction to a Blue Nugget: a Critical Phase in Galaxy Evolution
• Active and passive galaxies at z~2: Rest-frame optical morphologies with WFC3
• The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS): Downsizing of the blue cloud and the influence of galaxy size on mass quenching over the last eight billion years
• Galaxy Size Problem at z=3: Simulated Galaxies Are Too Small
• Resolving Quiescent Galaxies at $z\gtrsim 2$: I. Search for Gravitationally Lensed Sources and Characterization of their Structure, Stellar Populations, and Line Emission
• Physics of Galactic Metals: Evolutionary Effects due to Production, Distribution, Feedback & Interaction with Black Holes
• Photometric Constraints on the Redshift of z~10 candidate UDFj-39546284 from deeper WFC3/IR+ACS+IRAC observations over the HUDF
• The Structures of Distant Galaxies - II: Diverse Galaxy Structures and Local Environments at z = 4-6; Implications for Early Galaxy Assembly
• The host galaxies and black-hole:galaxy mass ratios of luminous quasars at z~4
• Puffing up early-type galaxies by baryonic mass loss: numerical experiments
• The Decomposed Bulge and Disk Size-Mass Relations of Massive Galaxies at 1<z<3 in CANDELS
• The Tumultuous Formation of the Hubble Sequence at z > 1 Examined with HST/WFC3 Observations of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• Dissecting the Red Sequence: The Bulge and Disc Colours of Early-Type Galaxies in the Coma Cluster
• The evolution of galaxy size and morphology at z~0.5-3.0 in the GOODS-N region with HST/WFC3 data
• The mass, colour, and structural evolution of today's massive galaxies since z~5
• The massive relic galaxy NGC 1277 is dark matter deficient. From dynamical models of integral-field stellar kinematics out to five effective radii
• The Number Density of Quiescent Compact Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift
• Expectations of the size evolution of massive galaxies at $3\le z\le 6$ from the TNG50 simulation: the CEERS/JWST view
• The number density of superdense early-type galaxies at 1<z<2 and the local cluster galaxies
• Early-type galaxies in the PEARS survey: Probing the stellar populations at moderate redshift
• Sizes, Colour gradients and Resolved Stellar Mass Distributions for the Massive Cluster Galaxies in XMMUJ2235-2557 at z = 1.39
• The stellar halos of ETGs in the IllustrisTNG simulations: II. Accretion, merger history, and dark halo connection
• A spectroscopic sample of massive, evolved z~2 galaxies: Implications for the evolution of the mass-size relation
• Early-type galaxies at z~1.3. IV. Scaling relations in different environments
• Low Gas Fractions Connect Compact Star-Forming Galaxies to their z ~ 2 Quiescent Descendants
• Constraints on Quenching of $z\lesssim 2$ Massive Galaxies from the Evolution of the average Sizes of Star-Forming and Quenched Populations in COSMOS
• Gemini K-band NIRI Adaptive Optics Observations of Massive Galaxies at 1 < z < 2
• A direct measurement of galaxy major and minor merger rates and stellar mass accretion histories at $z<3$ using galaxy pairs in the REFINE survey
• Galaxy Evolution in all Five CANDELS Fields and IllustrisTNG: Morphological, Structural, and the Major Merger Evolution to $z\sim 3$
• A near-infrared morphological comparison of high-redshift submm and radio galaxies: massive star-forming discs vs relaxed spheroids
• Velocity Dispersion, Size, Sérsic Index and $D_{n}4000$: The Scaling of Stellar Mass with Dynamical Mass for Quiescent Galaxies
• Expected number of massive galaxy relics in the present-day Universe
• The Formation of Bulges, Discs and Two Component Galaxies in the CANDELS Survey at z < 3
• Galaxy properties in different environments up to z ~ 3 in the GOODS NICMOS Survey
• On the formation of massive galaxies: A simultaneous study of number density, size and intrinsic colour evolution in GOODS
• Molecular gas properties of a lensed star-forming galaxy at z~3.6: a case study
• The Structures of Distant Galaxies - IV: A New Empirical Measurement of the Time-Scale for Galaxy Mergers - Implications for the Merger History
• Constraining the star formation and the assembly histories of normal and compact early-type galaxies at 1<z<2
• The evolutionary sequence of sub-mm galaxies: from diffuse discs to massive compact ellipticals?
• The structural and size evolution of star-forming galaxies over the last 11 Gyrs
• Galaxy Mergers in the Epoch of Reionization I: A JWST Study of Pair Fractions, Merger Rates, and Stellar Mass Accretion Rates at $z=4.5-11.5$
• Pathways to quiescence: SHARDS view on the Star Formation Histories of massive quiescent galaxies at 1.0 < z < 1.5
• Galaxy Sizes Since $z=2$ from the Perspective of Stellar Mass Distribution within Galaxies
• Young ages and other intriguing properties of massive compact galaxies in the Local Universe
• Sizes and ages of SDSS ellipticals: Comparison with hierarchical galaxy formation models
• Signatures of stellar accretion in MaNGA early-type galaxies
• The Size Evolution of Passive Galaxies: Observations from the Wide Field Camera 3 Early Release Science Program
• How Massive are Massive Compact Galaxies?
• Realistic mock observations of the sizes and stellar mass surface densities of massive galaxies in FIRE-2 zoom-in simulations
• X-shooter Spectroscopy and HST Imaging of 15 Ultra Massive Quiescent Galaxies at $z\gtrsim 2$
• Age and metallicity gradients support hierarchical formation for M87
• The relationship between star formation rates, local density and stellar mass up to z ~ 3 in the GOODS NICMOS Survey
• Caught in the act: gas and stellar velocity dispersions in a fast quenching compact star-forming galaxy at z~1.7
• The environmental dependence of the structure of outer galactic discs in STAGES spiral galaxies
• Galaxy sizes as a function of environment at intermediate redshift from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey
• Observing the first galaxies
• On the central stellar mass density and the inside-out growth of early-type galaxies
• A universal stellar-mass and size relation of galaxies in GOODS-N region
• A duality in the origin of bulges and spheroidal galaxies
• The minor role of gas-rich major mergers in the rise of intermediate-mass early types at z <~ 1
• Redshift evolution of the dynamical properties of massive galaxies from SDSS-III/BOSS
• The Stellar Haloes of Massive Elliptical Galaxies III: Kinematics at Large Radius
• SINFONI/VLT 3D spectroscopy of massive galaxies: Evidence of rotational support at z~1.4
• The Outer Halo of the Nearest Giant Elliptical: A VLT/VIMOS Survey of the Resolved Stellar Populations in Centaurus A to 85 kpc
• INSPIRE: INvestigating Stellar Population In RElics -- I. Survey presentation and pilot program
• On the co-evolution of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies since z = 3
• Galaxy interactions in IllustrisTNG-100, I: The power and limitations of visual identification
• Reconstructing the Assembly of Massive Galaxies. I: The Importance of the Progenitor Effect in the Observed Properties of Quiescent Galaxies at $z\approx 2$
• Quiescent Galaxy Size and Spectroscopic Evolution: Combining HSC Imaging and Hectospec Spectroscopy
• The Role of Dissipation in the Scaling Relations of Cosmological Merger Remnants
• The Violent Youth of Bright and Massive Cluster Galaxies and their Maturation over 7 Billion Years
• The rest-frame optical sizes of massive galaxies with suppressed star formation at $z\sim 4$
• Satellites around massive galaxies since z~2
• A New Automatic Method to Identify Galaxy Mergers I. Description and Application to the STAGES Survey
• Thick-disk evolution induced by the growth of an embedded thin disk
• Spectro-photometric close pairs in GOODS-S: major and minor companions of intermediate-mass galaxies
• The role of the most luminous, obscured AGN in galaxy assembly at z~2
• Quantifying Non-parametric Structure of High-redshift Galaxies with Deep Learning
• A combined VANDELS and LEGA-C study: the evolution of quiescent galaxy size, stellar mass and age from $\text{z}=0.6$ to $\text{z}=1.3$
• Chemical evolution of elliptical galaxies with a variable IMF -- A publicly available code
• The Environment of Massive Quiescent Compact Galaxies at $0.1<z<0.4$ in the COSMOS Field
• The last 6 Gyr of dark matter assembly in massive galaxies from the Kilo Degree Survey
• On the Shapes and Structures of High-Redshift Compact Galaxies
• Ultra deep sub-kpc view of nearby massive compact galaxies
• Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): Accurate number densities & environments of massive ultracompact galaxies at 0.02 < z < 0.3
• Unbiased Differential Size Evolution and the Inside-Out Growth of Galaxies in the Deep CANDELS GOODS Fields at $1\le z\le 7$
• The impact of AGN-driven winds on physical and observable galaxy sizes
• The Rising Stellar Velocity Dispersion of M87 from Integrated Starlight
• What drives galaxy quenching? A deep connection between galaxy kinematics and quenching in the local Universe
• A cosmological context for compact massive galaxies
• Stellar masses, sizes, and radial profiles for 465 nearby early-type galaxies: an extension to the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S${}^4$G)
• HI 21-cm absorption survey of quasar-galaxy pairs: Distribution of cold gas around z<0.4 galaxies
• Stellar populations of galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey up to $z\sim 1$. IV. Properties of quiescent galaxies on the stellar mass$-$size plane
• Compact, bulge dominated structures of spectroscopically confirmed quiescent galaxies at z~3
• Photometric decomposition of mergers in disk galaxies
• VIS3COS: II. Nature and nurture in galaxy structure and morphology
• A preserved high-z compact progenitor in the heart of NGC3311 revealed with MUSE 2D stellar population analysis
• The environmental dependence of the structure of galactic discs in STAGES S0 galaxies: implications for S0 formation
• How Robust Are the Size Measurements of High-redshift Compact Galaxies?
• Star formation and quenching among the most massive galaxies at z~1.7
• Size distribution of galaxies in SDSS DR7: weak dependence on halo environment
• Observations of the Initial Formation and Evolution of Spiral galaxies at $1<z<3$ in the CANDELS fields
• Euclid preparation XXVI. The Euclid Morphology Challenge. Towards structural parameters for billions of galaxies
• Testing the presence of multiple photometric components in nearby early-type galaxies using SDSS
• The interstellar medium and feedback in the progenitors of the compact passive galaxies at z~2
• The Evolution of Galaxies at Constant Number Density: A Less Biased View of Star Formation, Quenching, and Structural Formation
• Compact Starburst Galaxies with Fast Outflows: Central Escape Velocities and Stellar Mass Surface Densities from Multi-band Hubble Space Telescope Imaging
• The origin of the relation between metallicity and size in star-forming galaxies
• GAlaxy Light profile convolutional neural NETworks (GaLNets). I. fast and accurate structural parameters for billion galaxy samples
• Molecular Gas Reservoirs in Massive Quiescent Galaxies at $\mathrm{z}\sim 0.7$ Linked to Late Time Star Formation
• HST/WFC3 grism observations of $z\sim 1$ clusters: evidence for evolution in the mass-size relation of quiescent galaxies from poststarburst galaxies
• Measuring star formation in high-z massive galaxies: A mid-infrared to submillimeter study of the GOODS NICMOS Survey sample
• The Build-Up of Nuclear Stellar Cusps in Extreme Starburst Galaxies and Major Mergers
• The KMOS Cluster Survey (KCS) II - The Effect of Environment on the Structural Properties of Massive Cluster Galaxies at Redshift $1.39<z<1.61$
• Scaling relations of cluster elliptical galaxies at z~1.3. Distinguishing luminosity and structural evolution
• The Effect of Turbulence on Nebular Emission Line Ratios
• Digging for red nuggets: discovery of hot halos surrounding massive, compact, relic galaxies
• Ultramassive dense early-type galaxies: velocity dispersions and number density evolution since z=1.6
• Galaxy Outflows Without Supernovae
• Satellite galaxies around present-day massive ellipticals
• The Correlation between Black Hole Mass and Stellar Mass for Classical Bulges and the Cores of Ellipticals
• Angular size test on the expansion of the Universe
• Evidence for (and Against) Progenitor Bias in the Size Growth of Compact Red Galaxies
• The stellar mass - size relation for cluster galaxies at z=1 with high angular resolution from the Gemini/GeMS multi-conjugate adaptive optics system
• The bulge-disk decomposition of AGN host galaxies
• Massive relic galaxies prefer dense environments
• A Strongly-Lensed Massive Ultra-Compact Quiescent Galaxy at z ~ 2.4 in the COSMOS/UltraVISTA Field
• AGN-driven quenching of satellite galaxies
• Surface Brightness Evolution of Galaxies in the CANDELS GOODS Fields up to $z\sim 6$: High-z Galaxies are Unique or Remain Undetected
• Redshifting galaxies from DESI to JWST CEERS: Correction of biases and uncertainties in quantifying morphology
• Galaxy size trends as a consequence of cosmology
• Two phase formation of massive elliptical galaxies : study through cross-correlation including spatial effect
• The Stellar Mass Fundamental Plane and Compact Quiescent Galaxies at z < 0.6
• Evolution of the Fundamental Plane of 0.2<z<1.2 Early-type galaxies in the EGS
• Evolution of the Milky Way in Semi-Analytic Models: Detecting Cold Gas at z=3 with ALMA and SKA
• Disc cloaking: Establishing a lower limit to the number density of local compact massive spheroids/bulges and the potential fate of some high-z red nuggets
• The discrepancy between dynamical and stellar masses in massive compact galaxies traces non-homology
• The abundance of satellites depends strongly on the morphology of the host galaxy
• Discovery of Nine Intermediate Redshift Compact Quiescent Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Mass and size growth of early-type galaxies by dry mergers in cluster environments
• The evolution of disc galaxies with and without classical bulges since z~1
• Relic galaxy analogues in Illustris TNG50: the formation pathways of surviving red nuggets in a cosmological simulation
• Stellar populations, stellar masses and the formation of galaxy bulges and discs at $z<3$ in CANDELS
• A tale of a rich cluster at z$\sim$0.8 as seen by the Star Formation Histories of its ETGs
• The host galaxies of luminous type 2 AGN at $z\sim$0.3-0.4
• Constraining the epoch of reionization from the observed properties of the high-z Universe
• The half mass radius of MaNGA galaxies: Effect of IMF gradients
• The evolution of compact massive quiescent and starforming galaxies derived from the $R_e-R_h$ and $M_{\mathrm{star}}-M_h$ relations
• Cosmological Simulations of Massive Compact High-z Galaxies
• Regulating Star Formation in Nearby Dusty Galaxies: Low Photoelectric Efficiencies in the Most Compact Systems
• Evolution of Massive Galaxy Structural Properties and Sizes via Star Formation In the GOODS NICMOS Survey
• VLT/X-Shooter Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and HST Imaging of Gravitationally-Lensed z~2 Compact Quiescent Galaxies
• A Search for Moderate-Redshift Survivors from the Population of Luminous Compact Passive Galaxies at High Redshift
• HerMES : SPIRE detection of high redshift massive compact galaxies in GOODS-N field
• The Dearth of Difference between Central and Satellite Galaxies III. Environmental Dependence of Mass-Size and Mass-Structure Relations
• Imaging of Three Possible Low Redshift Analogs to High Redshift Compact Red Galaxies
• Compactness of Cold Gas in High-Redshift Galaxies
• An Extensive Photometric Catalog of CALIFA Galaxies
• The role of major mergers in the size growth of intermediate-mass spheroids
• Exploring the progenitors of brightest cluster galaxies at z~2
• The Structures of Distant Galaxies V: The Evolution of Galaxy Structure in Stellar Mass at z < 1
• Characterizing the satellites of massive galaxies up to z~2: young populations to build the outskirts of nearby massive galaxies
• A comparison of the most massive quiescent galaxies from $z\sim 3$ to the present: slow evolution in size, and spheroid-dominated
• On the limits of measuring the bulge and disk properties of local and high-redshift massive galaxies
• Compact Quiescent Galaxies at Intermediate Redshifts
• Compact galaxies and the size-mass galaxy distribution from a colour-selected sample at 0.04 < z < 0.15 supplemented by ugrizYJHK photometric redshifts
• Physical properties of compact star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 2-3$
• Listening to galaxies tuning at z ~ 2.5 - 3.0: The first strikes of the Hubble fork
• The THESAN-ZOOM project: central starbursts and inside-out quenching govern galaxy sizes in the early Universe
• Color gradients reflect an inside-out growth in early-type galaxies of the cluster MACS J1206.2-0847
• HST F160W Imaging of Very Massive Galaxies at $1.5<z<3.0$: Diversity of Structures and the Effect of Close Pairs on Number Density Estimates
• Modelling the formation of today's massive ellipticals
• Globular Cluster Systems of Relic Galaxies
• Galaxy chemical evolution models: The role of molecular gas formation
• The fate of a red nugget: In-situ star formation of satellites around a massive compact galaxy
• The Coevolution of Massive Quiescent Galaxies and Their Dark Matter Halos over the Last 6 Billion Years
• Detection of Prominent Stellar Disks in the Progenitors of Present-day Massive Elliptical Galaxies
• The evolution of cold neutral gas and the star formation history
• The supermassive black hole merger driven evolution of high-redshift red nuggets into present-day cored early-type galaxies
• Projected distances to host galaxy reduce SNIa dispersion
• The Puzzling Origin of Massive Compact Galaxies in MaNGA
• Bulgeless disks, dark galaxies, inverted color gradients, and other expected phenomena at higher z. The chromatic surface brightness modulation (CMOD) effect
• Spatially-resolved stellar populations and kinematics with KCWI: probing the assembly history of the massive early-type galaxy NGC 1407
• SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES) II: Structural Properties and Near-Infrared Morphologies of Faint Submillimeter Galaxies
• Structural analysis of massive galaxies using HST deep imaging at z < 0.5
• The Size Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies
• Dynamical masses and non-homology of massive elliptical galaxies grown by dry mergers
• A possible connection between the spin temperature of damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems and star formation history
• The physical properties of massive green valley galaxies as a function of environments at $0.5<z<2.5$ in 3D-\textit{HST}/CANDELS fields
• The age gradients of galaxies in EAGLE: outside-in quenching as the origin of young bulges in cluster galaxies
• The merger history of massive spheroids since z~1 is size independent
• The central dark matter fraction of massive early-type galaxies
• The PSF Smoothing Effect on Concentration-Related Parameters of High Redshift Galaxies in HST and JWST
• The Fundamental Plane of Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z~2
• The galaxy ancestor problem
• Constraints on the evolutionary mechanisms of massive galaxies since $z\sim 1$ from their velocity dispersions
• The dark matter halo masses of elliptical galaxies as a function of observationally robust quantities
• HELLO project: High-$z$ Evolution of Large and Luminous Objects
• Probing the mass assembly of massive nearby galaxies with deep imaging
• A subarcsecond near-infrared view of massive galaxies at z > 1 with Gemini Multiconjugate Adaptive Optics
• Use of spatial cross correlation function to study formation mechanism of massive elliptical galaxies
• Extremely Low Molecular Gas Content in the Vicinity of a Red Nugget Galaxy at $z=1.91$
• A spectroscopically confirmed z=1.327 galaxy-scale deflector magnifying a z~8 Lyman-Break galaxy in the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies survey
• Total mass distributions of Sersic galaxies from photometry $&$ cent\ ral velocity dispersion
• Dark Matter Redistribution Explains Galaxy Growth and Rotation Curve Development
• Self-Similar Buildup and Inside-Out Growth: Tracing the Evolution of Intermediate to High-Mass Star-Forming Galaxies Since $z=2$
• A Large Massive Quiescent Galaxy Sample at z~1.2
• A Morphology Catalog of Galaxies in CEERS: Evolution in the Size and Color Gradients of Galaxies Since Cosmic Dawn
• Exploring high-z galaxies with the E-ELT
• Compact dust-obscured star-formation and the origin of the galaxy bimodality
• Evolution of Size, Mass, and Density of Galaxies Since Cosmic Dawn
• The size and mass evolution of the massive galaxies over cosmic time
• Dynamics of merging: Post-merger mixing and relaxation of an Illustris galaxy
• The LEGA-C and SAMI Galaxy Surveys: Quiescent Stellar Populations and the Mass-Size Plane across 6 Gyr
• Capivara: A Spectral-based Segmentation Method for IFU Data Cubes
• The satellite population around luminous red galaxies in the 25 square degree DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Early Data Release
• COSMOS-Web: Galaxy Size and Surface Brightness Evolution at Rest-Frame 1.22 $\mu$m Since $z=3$
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: How the stellar populations of passive central galaxies depend on stellar and halo mass
• Velocity Dispersions and Stellar Populations of the Most Compact and Massive Early-Type Galaxies at Redshift ~1
• How do galaxies get their baryons?