The Role of Black Hole Feedback on Size and Structural Evolution in Massive Galaxies

Abstract

We use cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to investigate the role of feedback from accreting black holes on the evolution of sizes, compactness, stellar core density and specific star-formation of massive galaxies with stellar masses of $M_{star}>10^{10.9}{M}_{\odot }$. We perform two sets of cosmological zoom-in simulations of 30 halos to z=0: (1) without black holes and Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) feedback and (2) with AGN feedback arising from winds and X-ray radiation. We find that AGN feedback can alter the stellar density distribution, reduce the core density within the central 1 kpc by 0.3 dex from z=1, and enhance the size growth of massive galaxies. We also find that galaxies simulated with AGN feedback evolve along similar tracks to those characterized by observations in specific star formation versus compactness. We confirm that AGN feedback plays an important role in transforming galaxies from blue compact galaxies into red extended galaxies in two ways: (1) it effectively quenches the star formation, transforming blue compact galaxies into compact quiescent galaxies and (2) it also removes and prevents new accretion of cold gas, shutting down in-situ star formation and causing subsequent mergers to be gas-poor or mixed. Gas poor minor mergers then build up an extended stellar envelope. AGN feedback also puffs up the central region through the fast AGN driven winds as well as the slow expulsion of gas while the black hole is quiescent. Without AGN feedback, large amounts of gas accumulate in the central region, triggering star formation and leading to overly massive blue galaxies with dense stellar cores.

arXiv comment13 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (130)

• On the variation of the Initial Mass Function
• Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Three Year Results: Implications for Cosmology
• The cosmological simulation code GADGET-2
• The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centres
• Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies
• Modeling feedback from stars and black holes in galaxy mergers
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations
• Physical Models of Galaxy Formation in a Cosmological Framework
• Nucleosynthesis in Chandrasekhar Mass Models for Type Ia Supernovae and Constraints on Progenitor Systems and Burning-Front Propagation
• The Dependence of Star Formation History and Internal Structure on Stellar Mass for 10^5 Low-Redshift Galaxies
• 3D-HST+CANDELS: The Evolution of the Galaxy Size-Mass Distribution since $z=3$
• Simulating galaxy formation with black hole driven thermal and kinetic feedback
• Nearly 5000 Distant Early-Type Galaxies in COMBO-17: a Red Sequence and its Evolution since z~1
• Explosion Mechanisms of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The size distribution of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Galaxy Luminosity Functions to z~1: DEEP2 vs. COMBO-17 and Implications for Red Galaxy Formation
• Introducing the Illustris Project: the evolution of galaxy populations across cosmic time
• Formation of Massive Galaxies at High Redshift: Cold Streams, Clumpy Disks and Compact Spheroids
• Nonlinear Outcome of Gravitational Instability in Cooling, Gaseous Disks
• The Evolution of the Stellar Mass Functions of Star-Forming and Quiescent Galaxies to z = 4 from the COSMOS/UltraVISTA Survey
• Minor mergers and the size evolution of elliptical galaxies
• Detection of quiescent galaxies in a bicolor sequence from z=0-2
• The effect of photo-ionization on the cooling rates of enriched, astrophysical plasmas
• Passively Evolving Early-type Galaxies at 1.4<z<2.5 in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• How supernova feedback turns dark matter cusps into cores
• The Growth of Massive Galaxies Since z=2
• The Two Phases of Galaxy Formation
• Formation of Supermassive Black Holes
• The Centers of Early-Type Galaxies with HST. IV. Central Parameter Relations
• Improving convergence in smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations without pairing instability
• Confirmation of the remarkable compactness of massive quiescent galaxies at z~2.3: early-type galaxies did not form in a simple monolithic collapse
• Theoretical Challenges in Galaxy Formation
• Updated stellar yields from Asymptotic Giant Branch models
• Formation of Galactic Nuclei
• Fundamental differences between SPH and grid methods
• Compaction and Quenching of High-z Galaxies in Cosmological Simulations: Blue and Red Nuggets
• The Relation Between Compact, Quiescent High Redshift Galaxies and Massive Nearby Elliptical Galaxies: Evidence for Hierarchical, Inside-Out Growth
• Dynamics of Line-Driven Disk Winds in Active Galactic Nuclei II: Effects of Disk Radiation
• Strong size evolution of the most massive galaxies since z~2
• Wet Disc Contraction to Galactic Blue Nuggets and Quenching to Red Nuggets
• The Horizon-AGN simulation: morphological diversity of galaxies promoted by AGN feedback
• The stellar mass assembly of galaxies in the Illustris simulation: growth by mergers and the spatial distribution of accreted stars
• Structure and star formation in galaxies out to z=3: evidence for surface density dependent evolution and upsizing
• Can Minor Merging Account for the Size Growth of Quiescent Galaxies? New Results from the CANDELS Survey
• The Major and Minor Galaxy Merger Rates at z < 1.5
• Size evolution of the most massive galaxies at 1.7<z<3 from GOODS NICMOS survey imaging
• A General Class of Lagrangian Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Methods and Implications for Fluid Mixing Problems
• On Star Formation Rates and Star Formation Histories of Galaxies out to z ~ 3
• The cosmological size and velocity dispersion evolution of massive early-type galaxies
• A Catalog of Broad Absorption Line Quasars in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 5
• The Size Evolution of High Redshift Galaxies
• Red Nuggets at z~1.5: Compact passive galaxies and the formation of the Kormendy Relation
• Properties of Early-Type, Dry Galaxy Mergers and the Origin of Massive Elliptical Galaxies
• Inviscid SPH
• GMASS Ultradeep Spectroscopy of Galaxies at 1.4<z<2. II. Superdense passive galaxies: how did they form and evolve ?
• A Link Between Star Formation Quenching and Inner Stellar Mass Density in SDSS Central Galaxies
• Forming Compact Massive Galaxies
• What turns galaxies off? The different morphologies of star-forming and quiescent galaxies since z~2 from CANDELS
• The Size Evolution of Star-forming and Quenched Galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulation
• Evolution of Density Profiles in High-z Galaxies: Compaction and Quenching Inside-Out
• AGN-driven quenching of star formation: morphological and dynamical implications for early-type galaxies
• How do minor mergers promote inside-out growth of ellipticals, transforming the size, density profile and dark matter fraction?
• Towards a more realistic population of bright spiral galaxies in cosmological simulations
• The evolving relations between size, mass, surface density, and star formation in 3x10^4 galaxies since z=2
• The Formation of Massive, Compact Galaxies at z=2 in the Illustris Simulation
• A universal structural and star-forming relation since $z\sim 3$: connecting compact star-forming and quiescent galaxies
• Bulge mass is king: The dominant role of the bulge in determining the fraction of passive galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• HST and Spitzer imaging of red and blue galaxies at z~2.5: A correlation between size and star formation activity from compact quiescent galaxies to extended star forming galaxies
• The Dependence of Quenching upon the Inner Structure of Galaxies at 0.5<z< 0.8 in the DEEP2/AEGIS Survey
• The dramatic size evolution of elliptical galaxies and the quasar feedback
• Radiative feedback from quasars and the growth of massive black holes in stellar spheroids
• The Dead Sequence: A Clear Bimodality in Galaxy Colors from z=0 to z=2.5
• Stellar Kinematics of z~2 Galaxies and the Inside-Out Growth of Quiescent Galaxies
• Quasars: the characteristic spectrum and the induced radiative heating
• Discriminating Between the Physical Processes that Drive Spheroid Size Evolution
• Feedback from central black holes in elliptical galaxies. III: models with both radiative and mechanical feedback
• Quasar Outflow Contribution to AGN Feedback: Observations of QSO SDSS J0838+2955
• Size evolution of normal and compact galaxies in the EAGLE simulation
• Radiative and Momentum Based Mechanical AGN Feedback in a 3-Dimensional Galaxy Evolution Code
• HST/WFC3 Confirmation of the Inside-Out Growth of Massive Galaxies at 0<z<2 and Identification of their Star Forming Progenitors at z~3
• A Necessary Condition for Individual Time-Steps in SPH Simulations
• Feedback from Mass Outflows in Nearby Active Galactic Nuclei I. UV and X-ray Absorbers
• Implementation of feedback in SPH: towards concordance of methods
• A Density Independent Formulation of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
• The Structures of Distant Galaxies - III: The Merger History of over 20,000 Massive Galaxies at z < 1.2
• CANDELS+3D-HST: compact SFGs at z~2-3, the progenitors of the first quiescent galaxies
• Determining the Properties and Evolution of Red Galaxies from the Quasar Luminosity Function
• Fuel Efficient Galaxies: Sustaining Star Formation with Stellar Mass Loss
• Quasar Outflows and AGN Feedback in the Far UV: HST/COS Observations of QSO HE0238-1904
• Multiphase Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics
• Forming Early-Type Galaxies in LambdaCDM Simulations -I. Assembly histories
• Red Nuggets at High Redshift: Structural Evolution of Quiescent Galaxies Over 10 Gyr of Cosmic History
• Relaxation and Stripping: The Evolution of Sizes, Dispersions and Dark Matter Fractions in Major and Minor Mergers of Elliptical Galaxies
• The impact of mechanical AGN feedback on the formation of massive early-type galaxies
• Building galaxies by accretion and in-situ star formation
• The effects of baryon physics, black holes and AGN feedback on the mass distribution in clusters of galaxies
• On the Dearth of Compact, Massive, Red Sequence Galaxies in the Local Universe
• The Kormendy relation of massive elliptical galaxies at z~1.5. Evidence for size evolution ?
• The Luminosity-Size and Mass-Size Relations of Galaxies out to z~3
• A 17-billion-solar-mass black hole in a group galaxy with a diffuse core
• Effect of environment on galaxies mass-size distribution: unveiling the transition from outside-in to inside-out evolution
• Cusp-core transformations induced by AGN feedback in the progenitors of cluster galaxies
• The relative abundance of compact and normal massive early-type galaxies and its evolution from redshift z~2 to the present
• SPHS: Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics with a higher order dissipation switch
• Dense cores in galaxies out to z=2.5 in SDSS, UltraVISTA, and the five 3D-HST/CANDELS fields
• SPHGal: Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics with improved accuracy for Galaxy simulations
• Galaxy Mergers and Dark Matter Halo Mergers in LCDM: Mass, Redshift, and Mass-Ratio Dependence
• Formation of Massive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei: Runaway Tidal Encounters
• The impact of galactic properties and environment on the quenching of central and satellite galaxies: A comparison between SDSS, Illustris and L-Galaxies
• High-Velocity Outflows Without AGN Feedback: Eddington-Limited Star Formation in Compact Massive Galaxies
• Confirmation of the compactness of a z=1.91 quiescent galaxy with Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3
• Keck Spectroscopy of z>1 Field Spheroidals: Dynamical Constraints on the Growth Rate of Red "Nuggets"
• Size and velocity-dispersion evolution of early-type galaxies in a Lambda cold dark matter universe
• Can dry merging explain the size evolution of early-type galaxies?
• The connection between galaxy structure and quenching efficiency
• Understanding the Structural Scaling Relations of Early-Type Galaxies
• The effect of metal enrichment and galactic winds on galaxy formation in cosmological zoom simulations
• The Nature of Massive Transition Galaxies in CANDELS, GAMA, and Cosmological Simulations
• Galaxy formation in semi-analytic models and cosmological hydrodynamic zoom simulations
• Consequences of Mechanical and Radiative Feedback from Black Holes in Disc Galaxy Mergers
• Post-Newtonian dynamical modeling of supermassive black holes in galactic-scale simulations
• The formation of extremely diffuse galaxy cores by merging supermassive black holes
• MASSIV: Mass Assembly Survey with SINFONI in VVDS. V. The major merger rate of star-forming galaxies at 0.9 < z < 1.8 from IFS-based close pairs
• Physics of Galactic Metals: Evolutionary Effects due to Production, Distribution, Feedback & Interaction with Black Holes
• The Relationship Between Star-formation Activity and Galaxy Structural Properties in CANDELS and a Semi-analytic Model
• Momentum-driven Winds from Radiatively Efficient Black Hole Accretion and Their Impact on Galaxies
• The Effect of Many Minor Mergers on the Size Growth of Compact Quiescent Galaxies
• Modeling for Stellar Feedback in Galaxy Formation Simulations
• The Role of Dissipation in the Scaling Relations of Cosmological Merger Remnants
• The KMOS Cluster Survey (KCS) II - The Effect of Environment on the Structural Properties of Massive Cluster Galaxies at Redshift $1.39<z<1.61$

Cited by in corpus (73)

• Cool Outflows in Galaxies and their Implications
• The relationship between black hole mass and galaxy properties: Examining the black hole feedback model in IllustrisTNG
• Ejective and preventative: the IllustrisTNG black hole feedback and its effects on the thermodynamics of the gas within and around galaxies
• Prevalence of radio jets associated with galactic outflows and feedback from quasars
• Quenching as a Contest between Galaxy Halos and their Central Black Holes
• A 40-billion solar mass black hole in the extreme core of Holm 15A, the central galaxy of Abell 85
• The gentle monster PDS 456: the kpc scale molecular outflow and its implications for QSO feedback
• Powering galactic super-winds with small-scale AGN winds
• JADES: A large population of obscured, narrow line AGN at high redshift
• Linking galaxy structural properties and star formation activity to black hole activity with IllustrisTNG
• Synthetic nebular emission from massive galaxies II: ultraviolet-line diagnostics of dominant ionizing sources
• Quasar Feedback Survey: Multi-phase outflows, turbulence and evidence for feedback caused by low power radio jets inclined into the galaxy disk
• Insights into formation scenarios of massive Early-Type galaxies from spatially resolved stellar population analysis in CALIFA
• The WISSH QSOs project IX. Cold gas content and environment of luminous QSOs at z~2.4-4.7
• The Sizes of Quasar Host Galaxies with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• EMERGE: Empirical predictions of galaxy merger rates since $z\sim 6$
• The massive relic galaxy NGC 1277 is dark matter deficient. From dynamical models of integral-field stellar kinematics out to five effective radii
• KASHz: No evidence for ionised outflows instantaneously suppressing star formation in moderate luminosity AGN at $z$$\sim$$1.4$-$2.6$
• Color gradients along the quiescent galaxy sequence: clues to quenching and structural growth
• The first measurement of the quasar lifetime distribution
• The Imprint of Cosmic Web Quenching on Central Galaxies
• Gas Content Regulates the Lifecycle of Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion in Galaxies
• Realistic mock observations of the sizes and stellar mass surface densities of massive galaxies in FIRE-2 zoom-in simulations
• Black Hole Growth and Feedback in Isolated Romulus25 Dwarf Galaxies
• X-shooter Spectroscopy and HST Imaging of 15 Ultra Massive Quiescent Galaxies at $z\gtrsim 2$
• Local positive feedback in the overall negative: the impact of quasar winds on star formation in the FIRE cosmological simulations
• Measuring dynamical masses from gas kinematics in simulated high-redshift galaxies
• Extreme ionised outflows are more common when the radio emission is compact in AGN host galaxies
• A Black-Hole Feedback Valve in Massive Galaxies
• A combined VANDELS and LEGA-C study: the evolution of quiescent galaxy size, stellar mass and age from $\text{z}=0.6$ to $\text{z}=1.3$
• Defining the (Black Hole)-Spheroid Connection with the Discovery of Morphology-Dependent Substructure in the $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$--${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{sph}}$ and $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$--${\mathrm{R}}_{\mathrm{e},\mathrm{sph}}$ Diagrams: New Tests for Advanced Theories and Realistic Simulations
• The First Quiescent Galaxies in TNG300
• Consistent dynamical and stellar masses with potential light IMF in massive quiescent galaxies at $3<z<4$ using velocity dispersions measurements with MOSFIRE
• SUPER V. ALMA continuum observations of z~2 AGN and the elusive evidence of outflows influencing star formation
• The impact of AGN-driven winds on physical and observable galaxy sizes
• How AGN feedback drives the size growth of the first quasars
• The impact of ionised outflows from z$\sim$2.5 quasars is not through instantaneous in-situ quenching: the evidence from ALMA and VLT/SINFONI
• The impact of AGN on stellar kinematics and orbits in simulated massive galaxies
• The size-luminosity relation of lensed galaxies at $z=6-9$ in the Hubble Frontier Fields
• The WISSH quasars project X. Discovery of a multi-component and highly-variable UV ultra-fast outflow in a z=3.6 quasar
• Predicting sub-millimeter flux densities from global galaxy properties
• The Quasar Feedback Survey: Revealing the Interplay of Jets, Winds & Emission Line Gas in Type 2 Quasars with Radio Polarization
• The impact of AGN feedback on galaxy intrinsic alignments in the Horizon simulations
• The Evolution of Sizes and Specific Angular Momenta in Hierarchical Models of Galaxy Formation and Evolution
• Evidence that Emission and Absorption Outflows in Quasars Are Related
• AGN-driven quenching of satellite galaxies
• Evidence of extended cold molecular gas and dust halos around $\mathbf{z}\sim 2.3$ Extremely Red Quasars with ALMA
• On the origin of star formation quenching in massive galaxies at $z\gtrsim 3$ in the cosmological simulations IllustrisTNG
• Cosmological simulations of quasar fueling to sub-parsec scales using Lagrangian hyper-refinement
• The extent and power of "maintainance mode" feedback in MaNGA AGN
• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500-1050 Å Rest Frame: III. Four Similar Outflows in 2MASS J1051+1247 with Enough Energy to be Major Contributors to AGN Feedback
• The Manhattan Suite: Accelerated galaxy evolution in the early Universe
• Unravelling the physics of multiphase AGN winds through emission line tracers
• The Structural Evolution of Isolated Galaxies at Low Redshift in the IllustrisTNG Simulation
• Quenching, Mergers and Age Profiles for z=2 Galaxies in IllustrisTNG
• Life after AGN switchoff: evolution and properties of fossil galactic outflows
• The connection between stellar mass, age and quenching timescale in massive quiescent galaxies at $z\simeq 1$
• The Quasar Feedback Survey: zooming into the origin of radio emission with e-MERLIN
• EMERGE: Constraining merging probabilities and timescales of close galaxy pairs
• The Fundamental Plane of Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z~2
• NIHAO XXVIII: Collateral effects of AGN on dark matter concentration and stellar kinematics
• Jet-mode feedback in NGC 5972: insights from resolved MUSE, GMRT and VLA observations
• The Detection Rate of Associated \mgii\ Absorption Lines in Quasars Depends on Their Radio Emission
• Ionized gas kinematics of massive elliptical galaxies in CALIFA and in cosmological zoom-in simulations
• Host galaxy and nuclear properties of IR-selected AGNs with and without outflow signatures
• Velocity dispersion functions of pressure-supported galaxies in EAGLE simulations with varying active galactic nucleus feedback
• The Nature of High-Redshift Massive Quiescent Galaxies -- Searching for RUBIES-UDS-QG-z7 in FLARES
• Cosmological simulations predict that AGN preferentially live in gas-rich, star-forming galaxies despite effective feedback
• Astrophysical Black holes: An Explanation for the Galaxy Quenching
• The Metallicity Distribution Function in Outer Halo Fields of Simulated Elliptical Galaxies Compared to Observations of NGC 5128
• The AGN fuelling/feedback cycle in nearby radio galaxies -- IV. Molecular gas conditions and jet-ISM interaction in NGC3100
• Exploring supermassive black hole physics and galaxy quenching across halo mass in FIRE cosmological zoom simulations
• Massive black holes and their galaxies