The Stellar Haloes of Massive Elliptical Galaxies III: Kinematics at Large Radius

Abstract

We present a 2D kinematic analysis out to ~2-5 effective radii (Re) of 33 massive elliptical galaxies with stellar velocity dispersions larger than 150 km/s. Our observations were taken using the Mitchell Spectrograph (formerly VIRUS-P), a spectrograph with a large 107 x 107 square arcsecond field-of-view that allows us to construct robust, spatially resolved kinematic maps of the mean velocity and velocity dispersion for each galaxy extending to at least 2 Re. Using these maps we study the radial dependence of the stellar angular momentum and other kinematic properties. We see the familiar division between slow and fast rotators persisting out to large radius in our sample. Centrally slow rotating galaxies, which are almost universally characterised by some form of kinematic decoupling or misalignment, remain slowly rotating in their halos. The majority of fast rotating galaxies show either increases in specific angular momentum outwards or no change beyond $R_e$. The generally triaxial nature of the slow rotators suggests that they formed through mergers, consistent with a "two-phase" picture of elliptical galaxy formation. However, we do not observe the sharp transitions in kinematics proposed in the literature as a signpost of moving from central dissipationally-formed components to outer accretion-dominated haloes.

19 pages, 13 figures. 17 Appendix pages, 19 Appendix figures

References in corpus (19)

• The propagation of uncertainties in stellar population synthesis modeling I: The relevance of uncertain aspects of stellar evolution and the IMF to the derived physical properties of galaxies
• Formation of Massive Galaxies at High Redshift: Cold Streams, Clumpy Disks and Compact Spheroids
• Galaxy Groups in the SDSS DR4: I. The Catalogue and Basic Properties
• The SAURON project -- IX. A kinematic classification for early-type galaxies
• The SAURON project -- X. The orbital anisotropy of elliptical and lenticular galaxies: revisiting the (V/sigma,epsilon) diagram with integral-field stellar kinematics
• Structure and star formation in galaxies out to z=3: evidence for surface density dependent evolution and upsizing
• Size evolution of the most massive galaxies at 1.7<z<3 from GOODS NICMOS survey imaging
• Population Synthesis in the Blue IV: Accurate Model Predictions for Lick Indices and UBV Colors in Single Stellar Populations
• Triaxial orbit based galaxy models with an application to the (apparent) decoupled core galaxy NGC 4365
• The luminosities, sizes and velocity dispersions of Brightest Cluster Galaxies: Implications for formation history
• Kinematic properties of early-type galaxy haloes using planetary nebulae
• The SAURON project - XII. Kinematic substructures in early-type galaxies: evidence for disks in fast rotators
• The Kormendy relation of massive elliptical galaxies at z~1.5. Evidence for size evolution ?
• Measuring Ages and Elemental Abundances from Unresolved Stellar Populations: Fe, Mg, C, N, and Ca
• 2-Dimensional Kinematics of Simulated Disc Merger Remnants
• A Search for "Dwarf" Seyfert Nuclei. VII. A Catalog of Central Stellar Velocity Dispersions of Nearby Galaxies
• Ages and Abundances of Red Sequence Galaxies as a Function of LINER Emission Line Strength
• The stellar velocity dispersion of a compact massive galaxy at z=1.80 using X-Shooter: confirmation of the evolution in the mass-size and mass-dispersion relations
• Galaxy Size Problem at z=3: Simulated Galaxies Are Too Small

Cited by in corpus (21)

• The MASSIVE Survey - I. A Volume-Limited Integral-Field Spectroscopic Study of the Most Massive Early-Type Galaxies within 108 Mpc
• The SAGES Legacy Unifying Globulars and GalaxieS Survey (SLUGGS): Sample definition, methods, and initial results
• The MASSIVE Survey - V. Spatially-Resolved Stellar Angular Momentum, Velocity Dispersion, and Higher Moments of the 41 Most Massive Local Early-Type Galaxies
• Small scatter and nearly-isothermal mass profiles to four half-light radii from two-dimensional stellar dynamics of early-type galaxies
• The Cluster Velocity Dispersion of the Abell 2199 cD Halo of NGC 6166
• The MASSIVE Survey - VIII. Stellar Velocity Dispersion Profiles and Environmental Dependence of Early-Type Galaxies
• The CALIFA view on stellar angular momentum across the Hubble sequence
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: The kinematic-morphology of galaxies on the mass vs star-formation relation in different environments
• Simulating multiple merger pathways to the central kinematics of early-type galaxies
• Abundance ratios and IMF slope in the dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC~1396 with MUSE
• Integral-field kinematics and stellar populations of early-type galaxies out to three half-light radii
• Kinematics of Simulated Galaxies II: Probing the Stellar Kinematics of Galaxies out to Large Radii
• The SLUGGS survey: Using extended stellar kinematics to disentangle the formation histories of low mass S0 galaxies
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Uncovering the Angular Momentum Content of Central and Satellite Early-type Galaxies
• The SLUGGS survey: combining stars, globular clusters and planetary nebulae to understand the assembly history of early-type galaxies from their large radii kinematics
• Kinematics of the diffuse intragroup and intracluster light in groups and clusters of galaxies in the Local Universe within 100 Mpc distance
• The MASSIVE Survey XIV -- Stellar Velocity Profiles and Kinematic Misalignments from 200 pc to 20 kpc in Massive Early-type Galaxies
• The SLUGGS Survey: Trails of SLUGGS galaxies in a modified spin-ellipticity diagram
• Stellar velocity dispersion and initial mass function gradients in dissipationless galaxy mergers
• Pixel Color-Magnitude Diagram Analysis of the Brightest Cluster Galaxies in Dynamically Young and Old Clusters, Abell 1139 and Abell 2589
• The SLUGGS survey: a new mask design to reconstruct the stellar populations and kinematics of both inner and outer galaxy regions