Nine localised deviations from Keplerian rotation in the DSHARP circumstellar disks: Kinematic evidence for protoplanets carving the gaps

Abstract

We present evidence for localised deviations from Keplerian rotation, i.e., velocity "kinks", in 8 of 18 circumstellar disks observed by the DSHARP program: DoAr 25, Elias 2-27, GW Lup, HD 143006, HD 163296, IM Lup, Sz 129 and WaOph 6. Most of the kinks are detected over a small range in both radial extent and velocity, suggesting a planetary origin, but for some of them foreground contamination prevents us from measuring their spatial and velocity extent. Because of the DSHARP limited spectral resolution and signal-to-noise in the 12CO J=2-1 line, as well as cloud contamination, the kinks are usually detected in only one spectral channel, and will require confirmation. The strongest circumstantial evidence for protoplanets in the absence of higher spectral resolution data and additional tracers is that, upon deprojection, we find that all of the candidate planets lie within a gap and/or at the end of a spiral detected in dust continuum emission. This suggests that a significant fraction of the dust gaps and spirals observed by ALMA in disks are caused by embedded protoplanets.

Accepted for publication in ApJ letters, 10 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (13)

• The Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey: Giant Planet and Brown Dwarf Demographics From 10-100 AU
• Two accreting protoplanets around the young star PDS 70
• Monte Carlo radiative transfer in protoplanetary disks
• Gaps, Rings, and Non-Axisymmetric Structures in Protoplanetary Disks - From Simulations to ALMA Observations
• Evidence of fast pebble growth near condensation fronts in the HL Tau protoplanetary disk
• Meridional flows in the disk around a young star
• Direct mapping of the temperature and velocity gradients in discs. Imaging the vertical CO snow line around IM Lupi
• The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): III. Spiral Structures in the Millimeter Continuum of the Elias 27, IM Lup, and WaOph 6 Disks
• Protoplanetary disk rings and gaps across ages and luminosities
• The newborn planet population emerging from ring-like structures in discs
• On the formation of multiple concentric rings and gaps in protoplanetary disks
• Spontaneous ring formation in wind-emitting accretion discs
• Separating extended disc features from the protoplanet in PDS 70 using VLT/SINFONI

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Spirals, shadows & precession in HD 100453 -- I. The orbit of the binary
• Spirals, shadows & precession in HD 100453 -- II. The hidden companion
• Observing protoplanetary discs with the Square Kilometre Array -- I. Characterising pebble substructure caused by forming planets