Combining reference-star and angular differential imaging for high-contrast imaging of extended sources

Abstract

High-contrast imaging (HCI) is a technique designed to observe faint signals near bright sources, such as exoplanets and circumstellar disks. The primary challenge in revealing the faint circumstellar signal near a star is the presence of quasi-static speckles, which can produce patterns on the science images that are as bright, or even brighter, than the signal of interest. Strategies such as angular differential imaging (ADI) or reference-star differential imaging (RDI) aim to provide a means of removing the quasi-static speckles in post-processing. In this paper, we present and discuss the adaptation of state-of-the-art algorithms, initially designed for ADI, to jointly leverage angular and reference-star differential imaging (ARDI) for direct high-contrast imaging of circumstellar disks. Using a collection of high-contrast imaging data sets, we assess the performance of ARDI in comparison to ADI and RDI based on iterative principal component analysis (IPCA). These diverse data sets are acquired under various observing conditions and include the injection of synthetic disk models at various contrast levels. Our results demonstrate that ARDI with IPCA improves the quality of recovered disk images and the sensitivity to planets embedded in disks, compared to ADI or RDI individually. This enhancement is particularly pronounced when dealing with extended sources exhibiting highly ambiguous structures that cannot be accurately retrieved using ADI alone, and when the quality of the reference frames is suboptimal, leading to an underperformance of RDI. We finally apply our method to a sample of real observations of protoplanetary disks taken in star-hopping mode, and propose to revisit the protoplanetary claims associated with these disks.

21 pages, 18 figures, Accepted to A&A

References in corpus (57)

• Evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. The case of HD 20945
• New evolutionary models for pre-main sequence and main sequence low-mass stars down to the hydrogen-burning limit
• Angular Differential Imaging: a Powerful High-Contrast Imaging Technique
• Detection and Characterization of Exoplanets and Disks using Projections on Karhunen-Loeve Eigenimages
• Discovery of a planetary-mass companion within the gap of the transition disk around PDS 70
• SPHERE: the exoplanet imager for the Very Large Telescope
• A new algorithm for point spread function subtraction in high-contrast imaging: a demonstration with angular differential imaging
• Two accreting protoplanets around the young star PDS 70
• PynPoint: An Image Processing Package for Finding Exoplanets
• LkCa 15: A Young Exoplanet Caught at Formation?
• A new set of atmosphere and evolution models for cool T-Y brown dwarfs and giant exoplanets
• Kinematic evidence for an embedded protoplanet in a circumstellar disc
• Photometric characterization of exoplanets using angular and spectral differential imaging
• Accreting Protoplanets in the LkCa 15 Transition Disk
• Spiral Arms in the Asymmetrically Illuminated Disk of MWC 758 and Constraints on Giant Planets
• A young protoplanet candidate embedded in the circumstellar disk of HD100546
• VIP: Vortex Image Processing package for high-contrast direct imaging
• Optical Vectorial Vortex Coronagraphs using Liquid Crystal Polymers: theory, manufacturing and laboratory demonstration
• Impact of angular differential imaging on circumstellar disk images
• Kinematic detection of a planet carving a gap in a protoplanetary disc
• Discovery of a Companion Candidate in the HD169142 Transition Disk and the Possibility of Multiple Planet Formation
• Detection and Characterization of Exoplanets using Projections on Karhunen-Loeve Eigenimages: Forward Modeling
• Nine localised deviations from Keplerian rotation in the DSHARP circumstellar disks: Kinematic evidence for protoplanets carving the gaps
• Imaging Polarimetric Observations of a New Circumstellar Disk System
• Resolving the HD 100546 Protoplanetary System with the Gemini Planet Imager: Evidence for Multiple Forming, Accreting Planets
• HST/NICMOS detection of HR 8799 b in 1998
• The polarimetric imaging mode of VLT/SPHERE/IRDIS II: Characterization and correction of instrumental polarization effects
• Astrometric and photometric accuracies in high contrast imaging: The SPHERE speckle calibration tool (SpeCal)
• STIS Imaging of the HR 4796A Circumstellar Debris Ring
• An Enigmatic Pointlike Feature within the HD 169142 Transitional Disk
• Non-negative Matrix Factorization: Robust Extraction of Extended Structures
• Recovery of the Candidate Protoplanet HD 100546 b with Gemini/NICI and Detection of Additional (Planet-Induced?) Disk Structure at Small Separations
• Discovery of a point-like source and a third spiral arm in the transition disk around the Herbig Ae star MWC 758
• No Clear, Direct Evidence for Multiple Protoplanets Orbiting LkCa 15: LkCa 15 bcd are Likely Inner Disk Signals
• Performance of the VLT Planet Finder SPHERE I. Photometry and astrometry precision with IRDIS and IFS in laboratory
• Reference star differential imaging of close-in companions and circumstellar disks with the NIRC2 vortex coronagraph at W.M. Keck Observatory
• A new planet candidate detected in a dust gap of the disc around HD 163296 through localised kinematic signatures. An observational validation of the Discminer
• Modeling Self-Subtraction in Angular Differential Imaging: Application to the HD 32297 Debris Disk
• The Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign: The Companion Detection Pipeline
• Confirmation and Keplerian motion of the gap-carving protoplanet HD 169142 b
• Blobs, spiral arms, and a possible planet around HD 169142
• Separating extended disc features from the protoplanet in PDS 70 using VLT/SINFONI
• A search for a 5th planet around HR 8799 using the star-hopping RDI technique at VLT/SPHERE
• Thermal Infrared Imaging of MWC 758 with the Large Binocular Telescope: Planetary Driven Spiral Arms?
• Reference-star differential imaging on SPHERE/IRDIS
• Protoplanetary disks in $K_s$-band total intensity and polarized light
• MAYONNAISE: a morphological components analysis pipeline for circumstellar disks and exoplanets imaging in the near infrared
• SO and SiS Emission Tracing an Embedded Planet and Compact ${}^{12}$CO and ${}^{13}$CO Counterparts in the HD 169142 Disk
• Non-Keplerian spirals, a gas-pressure dust trap and an eccentric gas cavity in the circumbinary disc around HD 142527
• REXPACO: an algorithm for high contrast reconstruction of the circumstellar environment by angular differential imaging
• Constrained Reference Star Differential Imaging: Enabling High-Fidelity Imagery of Highly Structured Circumstellar Disks
• Analysis of the arm-like structure in the outer disk of PDS 70. Spiral density wave or vortex?
• Investigating point sources in MWC 758 with SPHERE
• Iterative Angular Differential Imaging (IADI): An exploration of recovering disk structures in scattered light with an iterative ADI approach
• From the stellar properties of HD219134 to the internal compositions of its transiting exoplanets
• Inverse-problem versus principal component analysis methods for angular differential imaging of circumstellar disks. The mustard algorithm
• Karhunen-Loève Data Imputation in High Contrast Imaging

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Keplerian motion of a compact source orbiting the inner disc of PDS 70: a third protoplanet in resonance with b and c?
• Optimising reference library selection for reference-star differential imaging of discs with SPHERE/IRDIS