Scalable gate architecture for densely packed semiconductor spin qubits

Abstract

We demonstrate a 12 quantum dot device fabricated on an undoped Si/SiGe heterostructure as a proof-of-concept for a scalable, linear gate architecture for semiconductor quantum dots. The device consists of 9 quantum dots in a linear array and 3 single quantum dot charge sensors. We show reproducible single quantum dot charging and orbital energies, with standard deviations less than 20% relative to the mean across the 9 dot array. The single quantum dot charge sensors have a charge sensitivity of 8.2 x 10^{-4} e/root(Hz) and allow the investigation of real-time charge dynamics. As a demonstration of the versatility of this device, we use single-shot readout to measure a spin relaxation time T1 = 170 ms at a magnetic field B = 1 T. By reconfiguring the device, we form two capacitively coupled double quantum dots and extract a mutual charging energy of 200 microeV, which indicates that 50 GHz two-qubit gate operation speeds are feasible.

References in corpus (35)

• Quantum Computation with Quantum Dots
• Spins in few-electron quantum dots
• Electron transport through double quantum dots
• Single-shot read-out of an individual electron spin in a quantum dot
• An addressable quantum dot qubit with fault-tolerant control fidelity
• Universal Quantum Computation with the Exchange Interaction
• Single-shot readout of an electron spin in silicon
• Electron spin coherence exceeding seconds in high purity silicon
• Electrically driven single electron spin resonance in a slanting Zeeman field
• Demonstration of Entanglement of Electrostatically Coupled Singlet-Triplet Qubits
• Spin-valley lifetimes in a silicon quantum dot with tunable valley splitting
• Cryogenic Control Architecture for Large-Scale Quantum Computing
• Fast Single-Charge Sensing with an rf Quantum Point Contact
• Self-Consistent Measurement and State Tomography of an Exchange-Only Spin Qubit
• The Resonant Exchange Qubit
• A fault-tolerant addressable spin qubit in a natural silicon quantum dot
• Dispersive Readout of a Few-Electron Double Quantum Dot with Fast rf Gate-Sensors
• Real-time detection of single electron tunneling using a quantum point contact
• A Reconfigurable Gate Architecture for Si/SiGe Quantum Dots
• Electron counting in quantum dots
• Single-Spin CCD
• Irreversibility on the Level of Single-Electron Tunneling
• Excited-state spectroscopy on a nearly-closed quantum dot via charge detection
• Measurement of valley splitting in high-symmetry Si/SiGe quantum dots
• Gate-sensing coherent charge oscillations in a silicon field-effect transistor
• Investigation of Mobility Limiting Mechanisms in Undoped Si/SiGe Heterostructures
• Orbital and valley state spectra of a few-electron silicon quantum dot
• State-conditional coherent charge qubit oscillations in a Si/SiGe quadruple quantum dot
• Spin orbit coupling at the level of a single electron
• Cryogenic preamplification of a single-electron-transistor using a silicon-germanium heterojunction-bipolar-transistor
• Enhancement-mode buried strained silicon channel quantum dot with tunable lateral geometry
• Double quantum dot with tunable coupling in an enhancement-mode silicon metal-oxide semiconductor device with lateral geometry
• Nanosecond-timescale spin transfer using individual electrons in a quadruple-quantum-dot device
• Single charge sensing and transport in double quantum dots fabricated from commercially grown Si/SiGe heterostructures
• Si/SiGe quantum dot with superconducting single-electron transistor charge sensor

Cited by in corpus (183)

• Semiconductor Spin Qubits
• Quantum CNOT Gate for Spins in Silicon
• Computing with spin qubits at the surface code error threshold
• Experimental Comparison of Two Quantum Computing Architectures
• Fast universal quantum control above the fault-tolerance threshold in silicon
• Universal control of a six-qubit quantum processor in silicon
• A tunable coupling scheme for implementing high-fidelity two-qubit gates
• Semiconductor Qubits In Practice
• Quantum simulation of a Fermi-Hubbard model using a semiconductor quantum dot array
• Two-qubit silicon quantum processor with operation fidelity exceeding 99%
• Strong Coupling of a Single Electron in Silicon to a Microwave Photon
• Shuttling a single charge across a one-dimensional array of silicon quantum dots
• Scaling silicon-based quantum computing using CMOS technology: State-of-the-art, Challenges and Perspectives
• Long-Range Microwave Mediated Interactions Between Electron Spins
• Superconductor-semiconductor hybrid cavity quantum electrodynamics
• Semiconductor Quantum Computation
• Review of performance metrics of spin qubits in gated semiconducting nanostructures
• Gate-based single-shot readout of spins in silicon
• Interplay between long range hopping and disorder in topological systems
• Gate-reflectometry dispersive readout and coherent control of a spin qubit in silicon
• The impact of classical control electronics on qubit fidelity
• High-fidelity quantum gates in Si/SiGe double quantum dots
• Roadmap on quantum nanotechnologies
• Roadmap for gallium arsenide spin qubits
• Quantum tomography of an entangled three-spin state in silicon
• Input-output theory for spin-photon coupling in Si double quantum dots
• Machine Learning techniques for state recognition and auto-tuning in quantum dots
• Coherent spin state transfer via Heisenberg exchange
• Symmetry breaking and spectral structure of the interacting Hatano-Nelson model
• Coherent transfer of quantum information in silicon using resonant SWAP gates
• Three-electron spin qubits
• Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics Architecture for Gate-Defined Quantum Dots in Silicon
• A shuttling-based two-qubit logic gate for linking distant silicon quantum processors
• Integrated silicon qubit platform with single-spin addressability, exchange control and robust single-shot singlet-triplet readout
• Large, tunable valley splitting and single-spin relaxation mechanisms in a Si/Si${}_x$Ge${}_{1-x}$ quantum dot
• High Resolution Valley Spectroscopy of Si Quantum Dots
• Repetitive single electron spin readout in silicon
• Optimized cavity-mediated dispersive two-qubit gates between spin qubits
• Atomic fluctuations lifting the energy degeneracy in Si/SiGe quantum dots
• Rapid high-fidelity spin state readout in Si/SiGe quantum dots via radio-frequency reflectometry
• A flexible design platform for Si/SiGe exchange-only qubits with low disorder
• Auto-tuning of double dot devices in situ with machine learning
• SiGe quantum wells with oscillating Ge concentrations for quantum dot qubits
• The SpinBus Architecture: Scaling Spin Qubits with Electron Shuttling
• Single-Spin Relaxation in a Synthetic Spin-Orbit Field
• High fidelity state preparation, quantum control, and readout of an isotopically enriched silicon spin qubit
• Adiabatic quantum state transfer in a semiconductor quantum-dot spin chain
• Site-selective quantum control in an isotopically enriched 28Si/SiGe quadruple quantum dot
• A CMOS dynamic random access architecture for radio-frequency readout of quantum devices
• Colloquium: Advances in automation of quantum dot devices control
• Interface induced spin-orbit interaction in silicon quantum dots and prospects for scalability
• Electric-field control and noise protection of the flopping-mode spin qubit
• Charge detection in an array of CMOS quantum dots
• A logical qubit in a linear array of semiconductor quantum dots
• Computer-automated tuning procedures for semiconductor quantum dot arrays
• Impact of qubit connectivity on quantum algorithm performance
• 12-spin-qubit arrays fabricated on a 300 mm semiconductor manufacturing line
• Crosstalk analysis for single-qubit and two-qubit gates in spin qubit arrays
• Quantum-dot circuit-QED thermoelectric diodes and transistors
• Giant anisotropy of spin relaxation and spin-valley mixing in a silicon quantum dot
• Strong electron-electron interactions in Si/SiGe quantum dots
• Flopping-mode electric dipole spin resonance
• Generic transport formula for a system driven by Markovian reservoirs
• Tuning methods for semiconductor spin--qubits
• Semiconductor materials stacks for quantum dot spin qubits
• Coherent control and spectroscopy of a semiconductor quantum dot Wigner molecule
• Simultaneous Operations in a Two-Dimensional Array of Singlet-Triplet Qubits
• A two-dimensional array of single-hole quantum dots
• Spatial noise correlations beyond nearest-neighbor in ${}^{28}$Si/SiGe spin qubits
• Negative spin exchange in a multielectron quantum dot
• Network architecture for a topological quantum computer in silicon
• Protocol for a resonantly-driven three-qubit Toffoli gate with silicon spin qubits
• Single-electron operation of a silicon-CMOS 2x2 quantum dot array with integrated charge sensing
• Tunable coupling and isolation of single electrons in silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dots
• QFlow lite dataset: A machine-learning approach to the charge states in quantum dot experiments
• Control Electronics For Semiconductor Spin Qubits
• How valley-orbit states in silicon quantum dots probe quantum well interfaces
• A quadrupolar exchange-only spin qubit
• Toward Robust Autotuning of Noisy Quantum Dot Devices
• Long-Distance Superexchange between Semiconductor Quantum-Dot Electron Spins
• Algorithm for automated tuning of a quantum dot into the single-electron regime
• Coherent multi-spin exchange coupling in a quantum-dot spin chain
• Spin of a multielectron quantum dot and its interaction with a neighboring electron
• Simulation of 1D topological phases in driven quantum dot arrays
• Electrical control of uniformity in quantum dot devices
• Decoherence of two entangled spin qubits coupled to an interacting sparse nuclear spin bath: application to nitrogen vacancy centers
• Coherent spin-valley oscillations in silicon
• Emergent $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ symmetry in a double-quantum-dot circuit QED set-up
• Hybrid superconductor-semiconductor systems for quantum technology
• Ray-based framework for state identification in quantum dot devices
• Fabrication process and failure analysis for robust quantum dots in silicon
• The exchange-only singlet-only spin qubit
• Gate controlled quantum dots in monolayer WSe2
• Palladium gates for reproducible quantum dots in silicon
• Spin-Blockade Spectroscopy of Si/SiGe Quantum Dots
• Bridging the gap between topological non-Hermitian physics and open quantum systems
• Measurements of capacitive coupling within a quadruple quantum dot array
• Probing the Spatial Variation of the Inter-Valley Tunnel Coupling in a Silicon Triple Quantum Dot
• Photon statistics of a double quantum dot micromaser: Quantum treatment
• Thermoelectric performance of topological boundary modes
• Utilizing multimodal microscopy to reconstruct Si/SiGe interfacial atomic disorder and infer its impacts on qubit variability
• The dynamical-decoupling-based spatiotemporal noise spectroscopy
• Subradiance dynamics in a singly-excited chiral-coupled atomic chain
• Remote capacitive sensing in two-dimension quantum-dot arrays
• Conditional dispersive readout of a CMOS quantum dot via an integrated transistor circuit
• Controlled Quantum Operations of a Semiconductor Three-Qubit System
• Floquet-Enhanced Spin Swaps
• Spin entangled state transfer in quantum dot arrays: Coherent adiabatic and speed-up protocols
• Exciton transport in a germanium quantum dot ladder
• Topology detection in cavity QED
• Coherent transport of spin by adiabatic passage in quantum dot arrays
• CMOS Quantum Computing: Toward A Quantum Computer System-on-Chip
• Fast long-range state transfer in quantum dot arrays via shortcuts to adiabaticity
• Paired electron motion in interacting chains of quantum dots
• Controlled quantum state transfer in $XX$ spin chains at the Quantum Speed Limit
• Autonomous estimation of high-dimensional Coulomb diamonds from sparse measurements
• Pretty good quantum state transfer on isotropic and anisotropic Heisenberg spin chains with tailored site dependent exchange couplings
• Cryogen-free scanning gate microscope for the characterization of Si/Si${}_{0.7}$Ge${}_{0.3}$ quantum devices at milli-Kelvin temperatures
• Spin-Valley Qubit Dynamics In Exchange Coupled Silicon Quantum Dots
• G-factor of electrons in gate-defined quantum dots in a strong in-plane magnetic field
• Single-shot readout of multiple donor electron spins with a gate-based sensor
• Microwave-frequency scanning gate microscopy of a Si/SiGe double quantum dot
• Coherent control of a triangular exchange-only spin qubit
• Entanglement entropy scaling in solid-state spin arrays via capacitance measurements
• Lattice deformation at the sub-micron scale: X-ray nanobeam measurements of elastic strain in electron shuttling devices
• Effect of quantum Hall edge strips on valley splitting in silicon quantum wells
• Single-electron occupation in quantum dot arrays at selectable plunger gate voltage
• Optimal control of universal quantum gates in a double quantum dot
• Measurement of tunnel coupling in a Si double quantum dot based on charge sensing
• Coherent long-range transfer of two-electron states in ac-driven triple quantum dots
• Long-range electron-electron interactions in quantum dot systems and applications in quantum chemistry
• Variable and orbital-dependent spin-orbit field orientations in a InSb double quantum dot characterized via dispersive gate sensing
• Valley-Free Silicon Fins Caused by Shear Strain
• A low-disorder Metal-Oxide-Silicon double quantum dot
• Radio-frequency C-V measurements with sub-attofarad sensitivity
• Theory of valley-resolved spectroscopy of a Si triple quantum dot coupled to a microwave resonator
• Optimal control of a cavity-mediated iSWAP gate between silicon spin qubits
• Multi-Transparency Windows and Fano interference Induced by Dipole-Dipole Couplings
• Feasibility of single-shot realizations of conditional three-qubit gates in exchange-coupled qubit arrays with local control
• Generation of Schrödinger's cat states in a planar semiconductor heterostructure
• Accelerated adiabatic passage of a single electron spin qubit in quantum dots
• Calculation of tunnel-couplings in open gate-defined disordered quantum dot systems
• A double quantum dot defined by top gates in a single crystalline InSb nanosheet
• Understanding the propagation of excitations in quantum spin chains with different kind of interactions
• Towards a realistic GaAs-spin qubit device for a classical error-corrected quantum memory
• Gate-Sensing Charge Pockets in the Semiconductor Qubit Environment
• Low-temperature environments for quantum computation and quantum simulation
• Flying Spin Qubits in Quantum Dot Arrays Driven by Spin-Orbit Interaction
• Passive and active suppression of transduced noise in silicon spin qubits
• Charge-noise resilience of two-electron quantum dots in Si/SiGe heterostructures
• Doublon lifetimes in dissipative environments
• Theory of topological spin Josephson junctions
• Lifting of Spin Blockade by Charged Impurities in Si-MOS Double Quantum Dot Devices
• Exact analytical treatment of multiqubit noisy dynamics in exchange-coupled semiconductor spin qubits
• Simulation of Coupling Strength of Capacitively Coupled Singlet-Triplet Qubits
• Dynamical second-order noise sweetspots in resonantly driven spin qubits
• Automation of Quantum Dot Measurement Analysis via Explainable Machine Learning
• Magic angle for barrier-controlled double quantum dots
• Highly tunable 2D silicon quantum dot array with coupling beyond nearest neighbors
• Quantum circuits of CNOT gates
• Ray-based classification framework for high-dimensional data
• Energy spectrum, exchange interaction and gate crosstalk in a pair of double-quantum-dot system: a molecular orbital calculation
• Depletion-mode Quantum Dots in Intrinsic Silicon
• Dispersive readout of a silicon quantum device using an atomic force microscope-based rf gate sensor
• Longitudinal coupling between electrically driven spin-qubits and a resonator
• Autler-Townes Doublet observation via a Cooper-Pair Beam Splitter
• Compiling the surface code to crossbar spin qubit architectures
• Resonator-mediated quantum gate between distant charge qubits
• Full Characterization of the Depth Overhead for Quantum Circuit Compilation with Arbitrary Qubit Connectivity Constraint
• A dressed singlet-triplet qubit in germanium
• Decoherence of Coupled Flip-Flop Qubits Due to Charge Noise
• Second Quantization: Gating a Quantum Dot Through the Sequential Removal of Single Electrons from a Nanoscale Floating Gate
• Bootstrapping, autonomous testing, and initialization system for Si/Si${}_x$Ge${}_{1-x}$ multi-quantum-dot devices
• Threshold-independent method for single-shot readout of spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots
• Towards Utilizing Scanning Gate Microscopy as a High-Resolution Probe of Valley Splitting in Si/SiGe Heterostructures
• Fast raster scan multiplexed charge stability measurements toward high-throughput quantum dot array calibration
• A switching approach for perfect state transfer over a scalable and routing enabled network architecture with superconducting qubits
• Efficient electron transfer in quantum dot chains controlled by a cubic detuning profile via shortcuts to adiabaticity
• Jenga-Krotov algorithm: Efficient compilation of multi-qubit gates for exchange-only qubits
• Learning Coulomb Diamonds in Large Quantum Dot Arrays
• Exact solution of a family of staggered Heisenberg chains with conclusive pretty good quantum state transfer
• Certification of spin-based quantum simulators
• Emergence of quasiperiodic behavior in transport and hybridization properties of clean lattice systems