UV-Continuum Slopes of >4000 z~4-8 Galaxies from the HUDF/XDF, HUDF09, ERS, CANDELS-South, and CANDELS-North Fields

Abstract

We measure the UV-continuum slope beta for over 4000 high-redshift galaxies over a wide range of redshifts z~4-8 and luminosities from the HST HUDF/XDF, HUDF09-1, HUDF09-2, ERS, CANDELS-N, and CANDELS-S data sets. Our new beta results reach very faint levels at z~4 (-15.5 mag: 0.006 L*(z=3)), z~5 (-16.5 mag: 0.014L*(z=3)), and z~6 and z~7 (-17 mag: 0.025 L*(z=3)). Inconsistencies between previous studies led us to conduct a comprehensive review of systematic errors and develop a new technique for measuring beta that is robust against biases that arise from the impact of noise. We demonstrate, by object-by-object comparisons, that all previous studies, including our own and those done on the latest HUDF12 dataset, suffer from small systematic errors in beta. We find that after correcting for the systematic errors (typically d(beta) ~0.1-0.2) all beta results at z~7 from different groups are in excellent agreement. The mean beta we measure for faint (-18 mag: 0.1L*(z=3)) z~4, z~5, z~6, and z~7 galaxies is -2.03+/-0.03+/-0.06 (random and systematic errors), -2.14+/-0.06+/-0.06, -2.24+/-0.11+/-0.08, and -2.30+/-0.18+/-0.13, respectively. Our new beta values are redder than we have reported in the past, but bluer than other recent results. Our previously reported trend of bluer beta's at lower luminosities is confirmed, as is the evolution to bluer beta's at high redshifts. beta appears to show only a mild luminosity dependence faintward of M(UV,AB) ~ -19 mag, suggesting that the mean beta asymptotes to ~ -2.2 to -2.4 for faint z>~4 galaxies. At z~7, the observed beta's suggest non-zero, but low dust extinction, and they agree well with values predicted in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations.

41 pages, 28 figures, 9 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, makes use of the full 10-epochs of CANDELS North data

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• Cosmic Reionization On Computers. Ultraviolet Continuum Slopes and Dust Opacities in High Redshift Galaxies
• Dust in High-Redshift Galaxies: Reconciling UV Attenuation and IR Emission
• Exploring Cosmic Dawn with PANORAMIC I: The Bright End of the UVLF at $z\sim 9-17$
• Discovery of a Very Large (~20 kpc) Galaxy at z=3.72
• Testing an indirect method for identifying galaxies with high levels of Lyman continuum leakage
• Detectability of 21cm signal during the Epoch of Reionization with 21cm-Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter cross-correlation. III. Model dependence
• An empirical approach to selecting the first growing black hole seeds with JWST/NIRCam
• Starlight from JWST: Implications for star formation and dark matter models
• Universe opacity and EBL
• AGN ruled out as the dominant source of cosmic reionization
• Applications of Stellar Population Synthesis in the Distant Universe
• Detecting galaxy-21-cm cross-correlation during reionization
• Observed UV continuum slopes ($\beta$) of galaxies at $z=0.40-0.75$ in the GOODS-north field
• Missing dust signature in the cosmic microwave background
• The Hα Luminosity Function of Galaxies at z {\sim} 4.5
• Modeling Dust Production, Growth, and Destruction in Reionization-Era Galaxies with the CROC Simulations: Methods and Parameter Exploration
• Identifying reionization-epoch galaxies with extreme levels of Lyman continuum leakage in James Webb Space Telescope surveys
• Unresolved z~8 point sources and their impact on the bright end of the galaxy luminosity function
• Probing the nature of Dark Matter through the metal enrichment of the intergalactic medium
• Lyman alpha Properties of Simulated Galaxies in Overdense Regions: Effects of Galactic Winds at z > 6
• Empowering line intensity mapping to study early galaxies
• Photometric IGM Tomography: Efficiently Mapping Quasar Light Echoes with Deep Narrow Band Imaging
• Foreground and sensitivity analysis for broad band (2D) 21cm--Ly-alpha and 21cm--H-alpha correlation experiments probing the Epoch of Reionization
• UV slope of z$\sim$3 bright ($L>L^{\ast }$) Lyman-break galaxies in the COSMOS field
• ALPINE: A Large Survey to Understand Teenage Galaxies
• Lyman continuum leakage versus quenching with the James Webb Space Telescope: The spectral signatures of quenched star formation activity in reionization-epoch galaxies
• The Role of Dust, UV Luminosity and Large-scale Environment on the Escape of Lya Photons: A Case Study of a Protocluster field at z = 3.1
• Spectroscopy of an extreme [OIII] emitting active galactic nucleus at $z=3.212$: implications for the reionisation era
• Dust emission from the bulk of galaxies at the Epoch of Reionization
• Photometric IGM tomography with Subaru/HSC: the large-scale structure of Ly$\alpha$ emitters and IGM transmission in the COSMOS field at $z\sim 5$
• Detecting high-$z$ galaxies in the Near Infrared Background
• Signatures of reionization feedback in the near-infrared background
• "Zombie" or active? An alternative explanation to the properties of star-forming galaxies at high redshift
• Galaxy Rest-Frame UV Colors at z ~ 2-4 with HST UVCANDELS
• The Epoch of Reionization in Warm Dark Matter Scenarios
• Radio signals from early direct collapse black holes
• Relatively Fast and Reasonably Furious: Evidence for Increased Burstiness in Smaller Halos at Cosmic Dawn
• The Diversity of Environments Around Luminous Quasars at Redshift $z\sim 6$
• Narrowing the discovery space of the cosmological 21-cm signal using multi-wavelength constraints
• Considering light-matter interactions in the Friedmann equations
• Observing galaxy mergers at the epoch of reionization
• Testing Photometric Techniques for Measuring the Rest-Frame UV Spectral Slope Against JWST PRISM Spectroscopy
• The Contribution of Galaxies to the $3.4\mu \mathrm{m}$ Cosmic Infrared Background as Measured Using WISE
• X-ray stacking reveals average SMBH accretion properties of star-forming galaxies and their cosmic evolution over 4 <~ z <~ 7
• Spectral Energy Distribution of the First Galaxies: Contribution from Pre-Main-Sequence Stars
• An Overview of Mobile Capacitive Touch Technologies Trends
• Ultra-fast model emulation with PRISM; analyzing the Meraxes galaxy formation model
• The 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn: metallicity dependence of high mass X-ray binaries
• Euclid: Discovery of bright $z\simeq 7$ Lyman-break galaxies in UltraVISTA and Euclid COSMOS
• Magnification bias reveals severe contamination in Hubble Frontier Field photo-z catalogs
• The Cosmic Rush Hour: Rapid Formation of Bright, Massive, Disky, Star-Forming Galaxies as Signatures of Early-Universe Physics