The ALMA Frontier Fields survey V: ALMA Stacking of Lyman-Break Galaxies in Abell 2744, Abell 370, Abell S1063, MACSJ0416.1-2403 and MACSJ1149.5+2223

Abstract

The Hubble Frontier Fields offer an exceptionally deep window into the high-redshift universe, covering a substantially larger area than the Hubble Ultra-Deep field at low magnification and probing 1--2 mags deeper in exceptional high-magnification regions. We aim to leverage Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) band 6 ($\approx$263\,GHz) mosaics in the central portions of five Frontier Fields to characterize the infrared (IR) properties of $1582$ ultraviolet (UV)-selected Lyman-Break Galaxies (LBGs) at redshifts of $z\sim$2--8. We investigated individual and stacked fluxes and IR excess (IRX) values of the LBG sample as functions of stellar mass (${\mathrm{M}}_{★}$), redshift, UV luminosity and slope $\beta$, and lensing magnification. Two (2) LBG candidates were individually detected above a significance of $4.1-\sigma$, while stacked samples of the remaining LBG candidates yielded no significant detections. We investigated our detections and upper limits in the context of the IRX-${\mathrm{M}}_{★}$ and IRX-$\beta$ relations, probing at least one dex lower in stellar mass than past studies have done. Our upper limits exclude substantial portions of parameter space and they are sufficiently deep in a handful of cases to create mild tension with the typically assumed attenuation and consensus relations. We observe a clear and smooth trend between ${\mathrm{M}}_{★}$ and $\beta$, which extends to low masses and blue (low) $\beta$ values, consistent with expectations from previous works.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication in A&A, 28 pages and 20 figures. Full versions of Tables C.1, C.2, C.3, C.4, and C.5 are available for download at http://astro.puc.cl/~rcarvaja/docs/tables_ALMA_FF_V_RCP.tar.gz

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