Nebular line emission from z > 7 galaxies in cosmological simulations: rest-frame UV to Optical lines

Abstract

We have performed very large and high resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulations in order to investigate detectability of nebular lines in the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) to optical wavelength range from galaxies at $z>7$. We find that the expected line fluxes are very well correlated with apparent UV magnitudes. The C IV $1549\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$ and the C III] $1909\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$ lines of galaxies brighter than $26\mathrm{AB}$ are detectable with current facilities such as the VLT/XShooter and the Keck/MOSFIRE. Metal lines such as C IV $1549\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$, C III] $1909\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$, [O II] $3727\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$ and [O III] $4959/5007\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$ can be good targets for the spectroscopic observation with Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT), Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ lines are also expected to be detectable with these telescopes. We also predict detectability of the nebular lines for $z>10$ galaxies that will be found with JWST, Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) and First Light And Reionization Explorer (FLARE) $(11\le z\le 15$). We conclude that the C IV $1549\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$, C III] $1909\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$, [O III] $4959/5007\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$ and H$\beta$ lines even from $z\sim 15$ galaxies can be strong targets for TMT, ELT and JWST. We also find that the magnification by gravitational lensing is of great help to detect such high-$z$ galaxies. According to our model, the C III] $1909\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$ line in $z>9$ galaxy candidates is detectable even using the current facilities.

15 pages, 15 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication to MNRAS

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