A new multi-field determination of the galaxy luminosity function at z=7-9 incorporating the 2012 Hubble Ultra Deep Field imaging

Abstract

We present a new determination of the UV galaxy luminosity function (LF) at redshift z ~ 7 and z ~ 8, and a first estimate at z ~ 9. An accurate determination of the form and evolution of the LF at high z is crucial for improving our knowledge of early galaxy evolution and cosmic reionization. Our analysis exploits fully the new, deepest WFC3/IR imaging from our HST UDF12 campaign, and includes a new, consistent analysis of all appropriate, shallower/wider-area HST data. Our new measurement of the evolving LF at z ~ 7-8 is based on a final catalogue of ~600 galaxies, and involves a step-wise maximum likelihood determination based on the redshift probability distribution for each object; this makes full use of the 11-band imaging now available in the HUDF, including the new UDF12 F140W data, and the deep Spitzer IRAC imaging. The final result is a determination of the z ~ 7 LF extending down to M_UV = -16.75, and the z ~ 8 LF down to M_UV = -17.00. Fitting a Schechter function, we find M* = -19.90 (+0.23/-0.28), log phi* = -2.96 (+0.18/-0.23), and a faint-end slope alpha=-1.90 (+0.14/-0.15) at z~7, and M* = -20.12 (+0.37/-0.48), log phi* = -3.35 (+0.28/-0.47), alpha=-2.02 (+0.22/-0.23) at z~8. These results strengthen suggestions that the evolution at z > 7 is more akin to `density evolution' than the apparent `luminosity evolution' seen at z ~ 5-7. We also provide the first meaningful information on the LF at z ~ 9, explore alternative extrapolations to higher z, and consider the implications for the evolution of UV luminosity density. Finally, we provide catalogues (including z_phot, M_UV and all photometry) for the 100 most robust z~6.5-11.9 galaxies in the HUDF used in this analysis. We discuss our results in the context of earlier work and the results of an independent analysis of the UDF12 data based on colour-colour selection (Schenker et al. 2013).

25 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Full data tables for all eight survey fields included in the appendix

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• Metal enrichment signatures of the first stars on high-z DLAs
• The clustering and halo occupation distribution of Lyman-break galaxies at $z\sim 4$
• The Cosmic Evolution of Fast Radio Bursts Inferred from the CHIME/FRB Baseband Catalog 1
• An analytical model of the large neutral regions during the late stage of reionization
• Spectroscopy of CASSOWARY gravitationally-lensed galaxies in SDSS: characterisation of an extremely bright reionization-era analog at $z=1.42$
• The bright end of the galaxy luminosity function at $z\simeq 7$ from the VISTA VIDEO survey
• Abundant Serendipitous Emission Line Sources with JWST/NIRSpec
• MUSE observations towards the lensing cluster A2744: Intersection between the LBG and LAE populations at z $\sim$ 3-7
• A Systematic Search for Lensed High-Redshift Galaxies in HST Images of MACS Clusters
• Maximising the power of deep extragalactic imaging surveys with the James Webb Space Telescope
• Constraining SN feedback: a tug of war between reionization and the Milky Way satellites
• High-Redshift Galaxy Surveys and the Reionization of the Universe
• The Impact of Cosmic Variance on Inferences of Global Neutral Fraction Derived from Ly$\alpha$ Luminosity Functions During Reionization
• The extent of intergalactic metal enrichment from galactic winds during the Cosmic Dawn
• The WIRCam Ultra Deep Survey (WUDS) I. Survey overview and UV luminosity functions at z~5 and z~6
• Dark-ages reionization and galaxy formation simulation XI: Clustering and halo masses of high redshift galaxies
• A deep radio view of the evolution of the cosmic star-formation rate density from a stellar-mass selected sample in VLA-COSMOS
• Constraining the Minimum Luminosity of High Redshift Galaxies through Gravitational Lensing
• Long-term NIR Variability in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey: a new probe of AGN activity at high redshift
• Probing the fluctuating Ultra-violet background using the Hubble Frontier Fields
• Connecting the Dots: Tracking Galaxy Evolution Using Constant Cumulative Number Density at 3<z<7
• Cosmic star formation probed via parametric stack-fitting of known sources to radio imaging
• Universe opacity and EBL
• Cosmic Reionization On Computers: Reionization Histories of Present-day Galaxies
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: A spectral stacking analysis of [CII] in lensed $z\sim 6$ galaxies
• Missing dust signature in the cosmic microwave background
• ELT-MOS White Paper: Science Overview & Requirements
• Modeling the Intergalactic Medium during the Epoch of Reionization
• Probing the nature of Dark Matter through the metal enrichment of the intergalactic medium
• Science Case and Requirements for the MOSAIC Concept for a Multi-Object Spectrograph for the European Extremely Large Telescope
• A physical model for the redshift evolution of high-z Lyman-Break Galaxies
• Observations of Ly$\alpha$ Emitters at High Redshift
• Massive black holes in high-redshift Lyman Break Galaxies
• Chronos: A NIR spectroscopic galaxy survey. From the formation of galaxies to the peak of activity
• Modelling the escape of Lyman Continuum photons from galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization
• Impact of the turnover in the high-z galaxy luminosity function on the 21-cm signal during Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization
• CLUES to the past: Local Group progenitors amongst high-redshift Lyman Break Galaxies
• Model-independent Reconstruction of UV Luminosity Function and Reionization Epoch
• An optically-dark merging system at z~6 detected by JWST
• Considering light-matter interactions in the Friedmann equations
• What can we learn about Reionization astrophysical parameters using Gaussian Process Regression?
• Early galaxy evolution: The complex interstellar medium distribution of the z~7 galaxy A1689-zD1
• Selecting Clusters and Protoclusters via Stellar Mass Density: II. Application to HSC-SSP Observations
• The impact of black hole feedback on the UV luminosity and stellar mass assembly of high-redshift galaxies
• Probing power spectrum enhancement at small scales with the SKA
• A quantitative assessment of completeness correction methods and public release of a versatile simulation code
• High redshift galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey: II. strengthening the evidence of bright-end excess in UV luminosity functions at 2.5 <= z <= 4.5 by PDF analysis
• Euclid: Discovery of bright $z\simeq 7$ Lyman-break galaxies in UltraVISTA and Euclid COSMOS
• Chronos: A NIR spectroscopic survey to target the most important phases of galaxy evolution across cosmic time