The impact of black hole feedback on the UV luminosity and stellar mass assembly of high-redshift galaxies

Abstract

We employ the Delphi semi-analytical model to study the impact of black hole growth on high-redshift galaxies, both in terms of the observed UV luminosity and of the star formation rate. To do this, firstly, we assess the contribution of AGN to the total galaxy UV luminosity as a function of stellar mass and redshift. We find that for $M_{UV}<-24$ mag and $z\approx 5-6$ the galaxies for which the black hole UV luminosity outshines the stellar UV emission become the majority, and we estimate their duty cycle. Secondly, we study the evolution of the AGN and stellar luminosity functions (LFs), finding that it is driven both by changes in their characteristic luminosities (i.e. evolution of the intrinsic brightness of galaxies) and in their normalizations (i.e. evolution of the number densities of galaxies), depending on the luminosity range considered. Finally, we follow the mass assembly history for three different halo mass bins, finding that the magnitude of AGN-driven outflows depends on the host halo mass. We show that AGN feedback is most effective when the energy emitted by the accreting black hole is approximately $1\%$ of the halo binding energy, and that this condition is met in galaxies in halos with $M_h\sim 10^{11.75}{M}_{\odot }$ at $z=4$. In such cases, AGN feedback can drive outflows that are up to 100 times more energetic than SN-driven outflows, and the star formation rate is a factor of three lower than for galaxies of the same mass without black hole activity.

arXiv commentPublished in MNRAS

References in corpus (107)

• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Unified Schemes for Radio-Loud Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• Starburst99: Synthesis Models for Galaxies with Active Star Formation
• The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centres
• The many lives of active galactic nuclei: cooling flows, black holes and the luminosities and colours of galaxies
• A Relationship Between Nuclear Black Hole Mass and Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies
• The slope of the black-hole mass versus velocity dispersion correlation
• The broken hierarchy of galaxy formation
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• Hierarchical Galaxy Formation
• Galaxy Bimodality due to Cold Flows and Shock Heating
• On the Black Hole Mass - Bulge Mass Relation
• Local Supermassive Black Holes, Relics of Active Galactic Nuclei and the X-ray Background
• The M-sigma and M-L Relations in Galactic Bulges and Determinations of their Intrinsic Scatter
• A luminous quasar at a redshift of z = 7.085
• Revisiting the Scaling Relations of Black Hole Masses and Host Galaxy Properties
• UV Luminosity Functions at redshifts z~4 to z~10: 10000 Galaxies from HST Legacy Fields
• Cosmological Evolution of the Hard X-ray AGN Luminosity Function and the Origin of the Hard X-ray Background
• An 800-million-solar-mass black hole in a significantly neutral Universe at redshift 7.5
• A unified model for AGN feedback in cosmological simulations of structure formation
• The Evolution of the Galaxy Rest-Frame Ultraviolet Luminosity Function Over the First Two Billion Years
• Toward the Standard Population Synthesis Model of the X-Ray Background: Evolution of X-Ray Luminosity and Absorption Functions of Active Galactic Nuclei Including Compton-Thick Populations
• Quasar feedback revealed by giant molecular outflows
• UV Luminosity Functions at z~4, 5, and 6 from the HUDF and other Deep HST ACS Fields: Evolution and Star Formation History
• UV Luminosity Functions from 132 z~7 and z~8 Lyman-Break Galaxies in the ultra-deep HUDF09 and wide-area ERS WFC3/IR Observations
• Evidence of strong quasar feedback in the early Universe
• The HELLAS2XMM survey. VII. The hard X-ray luminosity function of AGN up to z=4: more absorbed AGN at low luminosities and high redshifts
• A new multi-field determination of the galaxy luminosity function at z=7-9 incorporating the 2012 Hubble Ultra Deep Field imaging
• The Evolutionary History of Lyman Break Galaxies Between Redshift 4 and 6: Observing Successive Generations of Massive Galaxies in Formation
• Absorption Properties and Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Directly Observing the Galaxies Likely Responsible for Reionization
• Eddington-limited accretion and the black hole mass function at redshift 6
• The Final SDSS High-Redshift Quasar Sample of 52 Quasars at z>5.7
• The incidence of obscuration in active galactic nuclei
• The Most Luminous z~9-10 Galaxy Candidates yet Found: The Luminosity Function, Cosmic Star-Formation Rate, and the First Mass Density Estimate at 500 Myr
• Faint AGNs at z>4 in the CANDELS GOODS-S field: looking for contributors to the reionization of the Universe
• Observational evidence of quasar feedback quenching star formation at high redshift
• Generating Dark Matter Halo Merger Trees
• The dark nemesis of galaxy formation: why hot haloes trigger black hole growth and bring star formation to an end
• Large Area Survey for z=7 Galaxies in SDF and GOODS-N: Implications for Galaxy Formation and Cosmic Reionization
• Full-Data Results of Hubble Frontier Fields: UV Luminosity Functions at $z\sim 6-10$ and a Consistent Picture of Cosmic Reionization
• Herschel PACS Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Local ULIRGs: Conditions and Kinematics in Mrk 231
• Early reionization by miniquasars
• AGN-driven quenching of star formation: morphological and dynamical implications for early-type galaxies
• The Stellar Mass Density and Specific Star Formation Rate of the Universe at z~7
• Unleashing Positive Feedback: Linking the Rates of Star Formation, Supermassive Black Hole Accretion and Outflows in Distant Galaxies
• Lower-Luminosity Galaxies could reionize the Universe: Very Steep Faint-End Slopes to the UV Luminosity Functions at z>=5-8 from the HUDF09 WFC3/IR Observations
• The z~6 Luminosity Function Fainter than -15 mag from the Hubble Frontier Fields: The Impact of Magnification Uncertainties
• z~7 Galaxies in the HUDF: First Epoch WFC3/IR Results
• Evolution of the AGN UV luminosity function from redshift 7.5
• Star formation in a galactic outflow
• The z = 9-10 galaxy population in the Hubble Frontier Fields and CLASH surveys: The z=9 LF and further evidence for a smooth decline in UV luminosity at z >= 8
• Blossoms from black hole seeds: properties and early growth regulated by supernova feedback
• Blowin' in the wind: both `negative' and `positive' feedback in an obscured high-z Quasar
• Feedback in Luminous Obscured Quasars
• Galaxies at z = 6 - 9 from the WFC3/IR imaging of the HUDF
• The z=5 Quasar Luminosity Function from SDSS Stripe 82
• Energetic galaxy-wide outflows in high-redshift ultra-luminous infrared galaxies hosting AGN activity
• Detection of HCN, HCO+ and HNC in the Mrk231 molecular outflow - Dense molecular gas in the AGN wind
• Great Optically Luminous Dropout Research Using Subaru HSC (GOLDRUSH). I. UV Luminosity Functions at $z\sim 4-7$ Derived with the Half-Million Dropouts on the 100 deg${}^2$ Sky
• Very extended cold gas, star formation and outflows in the halo of a bright QSO at z>6
• The galaxy luminosity function at z ~ 6 and evidence for rapid evolution in the bright end from z ~ 7 to 5
• Star formation rates and stellar masses of z=7-8 galaxies from IRAC observations of the WFC3/IR ERS and the HUDF field
• A Survey of z~6 Quasars in the SDSS Deep Stripe. II. Discovery of Six Quasars at z_{AB}>21
• Size--luminosity relations and UV luminosity functions at $z=6-9$ simultaneously derived from the complete Hubble Frontier Fields data
• No evidence for a significant AGN contribution to cosmic hydrogen reionization
• Essential physics of early galaxy formation
• The luminosity function, halo masses and stellar masses of luminous Lyman-break galaxies at redshifts 5<z<6
• The critical radiation intensity for direct collapse black hole formation: dependence on the radiation spectral shape
• The erratic dynamical life of black hole seeds in high-redshift galaxies
• Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). II. Discovery of 32 Quasars and Luminous Galaxies at 5.7 < z < 6.8
• Definitive Identification of the Transition between Small- to Large-Scale Clustering for Lyman Break Galaxies
• Recoiling black holes: prospects for detection and implications of spin alignment
• The influence of the environmental history on quenching star formation in a $\Lambda$CDM universe
• CLASH: A Census of Magnified Star-Forming Galaxies at z ~ 6-8
• The hierarchical assembly of galaxies and black holes in the first billion years: predictions for the era of gravitational wave astronomy
• The Subaru high-z quasar survey: discovery of faint z~6 quasars
• The Quasar Luminosity Function at Redshift 4 with Hyper Suprime-Cam Wide Survey
• The Faint End of the z=5 Quasar Luminosity Function from the CFHTLS
• Mapping the Dark Matter From UV Light at High Redshift: An Empirical Approach to Understand Galaxy Statistics
• ALMA suggests outflows in z~5.5 galaxies
• Escape of ionizing radiation from high redshift dwarf galaxies: role of AGN feedback
• A survey of luminous high-redshift quasars with SDSS and WISE II. the bright end of the quasar luminosity function at z ~ 5
• The bright end of the z ~ 7 UV Luminosity Function from a wide and deep HAWK-I survey
• Constraining the UV emissivity of AGN throughout cosmic time via X-ray surveys
• The contribution of faint AGNs to the ionizing background at z~4
• From galactic nuclei to the halo outskirts: tracing supermassive black holes across cosmic history and environments
• Simulating the assembly of galaxies at redshifts z = 6 - 12
• An exponential decline at the bright end of the z=6 galaxy luminosity function
• A critical analysis of the UV Luminosity Function at redshift~7 from deep WFC3 data
• The rest-frame UV luminosity function at $z\simeq 4$: a significant contribution of AGN to the bright-end of the galaxy population
• High-redshift galaxies and black holes in the eyes of JWST: a population synthesis model from infrared to X-rays
• Quasar UV luminosity function evolution up to z=8
• Overmassive black holes in the $M_{\mathrm{BH}}-\sigma$ diagram do not belong to over (dry) merged galaxies
• The UV and Ly$\alpha$ Luminosity Functions of galaxies and the Star Formation Rate Density at the end of HI reionization from the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS)
• Black hole obscuration and duty cycles mediated by AGN feedback in high redshift galaxies
• The mass assembly of high-redshift black holes
• A spectral stacking analysis to search for faint outflow signatures in z~6 quasars
• The Infrared Medium-deep Survey. VIII. Quasar Luminosity Function at $z\sim 5$
• Modelling a bright z = 6 galaxy at the faint end of the AGN luminosity function
• The rapid transition from star-formation to AGN dominated rest-frame UV light at z ~ 4
• The Infrared Medium-deep Survey. \Romannum{7}. Faint Quasars at $z\sim 5$ in the ELAIS-N1 Field
• GOLDRUSH. IV. Luminosity Functions and Clustering Revealed with ~4,000,000 Galaxies at z~2-7: Galaxy-AGN Transition, Star Formation Efficiency, and Implication for Evolution at z>10