Early galaxy evolution: The complex interstellar medium distribution of the z~7 galaxy A1689-zD1

Abstract

We observed the gravitationally lensed ($\mu =9.6\pm 0.19$) galaxy A1689-zD1 at $z=7.1$ in bands 3, 6, and 8 of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. These high-resolution observations ($\approx 200$ pc) enabled us to separate the source into five components in the [CII] 158$\mu$m and [OIII] 88$mu$m emission lines within a projected distance of 2 kpc. Even though these components appear to vary strongly from one another in both their line, continuum, and optical characteristics, the assembly of components do not show ordered rotation and appear consistent with simulations of a galaxy system undergoing the process of assembly. The total dynamical mass of the galaxy ($2\times 10^{10}$ M${}_{\odot }$) is an order of magnitude larger than the spectrally estimated stellar mass, suggesting a near-complete optical obscuration of the bulk of the stellar component. Comparing the line ratios as well as the line properties to other properties such as the star formation rate, we find that A1689-zD1 is consistent with the relations derived from local star-forming galaxies. Even though A1689-zD1 lies on local star formation scaling relations and has a high dust and stellar mass estimate, the kinematics suggest it is in an early assembly stage, which could lead to it becoming a disk galaxy at a later stage.

Published A&A

References in corpus (83)

• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• Calibrating Extinction-Free Star Formation Rate Diagnostics with 33GHz Free-Free Emission in NGC6946
• The Evolution of the Galaxy Rest-Frame Ultraviolet Luminosity Function Over the First Two Billion Years
• Re-examining Larson's Scaling Relationships in Galactic Molecular Clouds
• A Bayesian approach to strong lensing modelling of galaxy clusters
• A Remarkably Luminous Galaxy at z=11.1 Measured with Hubble Space Telescope Grism Spectroscopy
• CEERS Key Paper I: An Early Look into the First 500 Myr of Galaxy Formation with JWST
• A survey of molecular gas in luminous sub-millimetre galaxies
• The Interstellar Medium In Galaxies Seen A Billion Years After The Big Bang
• The applicability of FIR fine-structure lines as Star Formation Rate tracers over wide ranges of metallicities and galaxy types
• A new multi-field determination of the galaxy luminosity function at z=7-9 incorporating the 2012 Hubble Ultra Deep Field imaging
• JADES NIRSpec Spectroscopy of GN-z11: Lyman-$\alpha$ emission and possible enhanced nitrogen abundance in a $z=10.60$ luminous galaxy
• A dusty, normal galaxy in the epoch of reionization
• The Dearth of z~10 Galaxies in all HST Legacy Fields -- The Rapid Evolution of the Galaxy Population in the First 500 Myr
• An Accurate Flux Density Scale from 50 MHz to 50 GHz
• Dust in the reionization era: ALMA observations of a $z$=8.38 Galaxy
• Combining Strong and Weak Gravitational Lensing in Abell 1689
• A Herschel/PACS Far Infrared Line Emission Survey of Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies
• Galaxy growth in a massive halo in the first billion years of cosmic history
• "Big Three Dragons": a z = 7.15 Lyman BreakGalaxy Detected in [OIII] 88 $\mu$m, [CII] 158 $\mu$m, and Dust Continuum with ALMA
• The Herschel Dwarf Galaxy Survey: I. Properties of the low-metallicity ISM from PACS spectroscopy
• The assembly of "normal" galaxies at z=7 probed by ALMA
• Detection of an oxygen emission line from a high redshift galaxy in the reionization epoch
• Detection of the Far-infrared [O III] and Dust Emission in a Galaxy at Redshift 8.312: Early Metal Enrichment in the Heart of the Reionization Era
• Rotation in [CII]-emitting gas in two galaxies at a redshift of 6.8
• Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey: Selection and Characterization of Luminous Interstellar Medium Reservoirs in the z>6.5 Universe
• The Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey: Comparison of Ultraviolet and Far-Infrared Properties
• [CII] 158 $\mu$m Emission as a Star Formation Tracer
• On the [CII]-SFR relation in high redshift galaxies
• Large Population of ALMA Galaxies at z>6 with Very High [OIII]88um to [CII]158um Flux Ratios: Evidence of Extremely High Ionization Parameter or PDR Deficit?
• Tracing the total molecular gas in galaxies: [CII] and the CO-dark gas
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey. Little to no evolution in the [CII]-SFR relation over the last 13 Gyr
• Tracing the reionization epoch with ALMA: [CII] emission in z~7 galaxies
• ALMA uncovers the [CII] emission and warm dust continuum in a z = 8.31 Lyman break galaxy
• Kiloparsec-scale gaseous clumps and star formation at $z=5-7$
• Dynamical properties of z $\sim 4.5$ dusty star-forming galaxies and their connection with local early type galaxies
• Extended ionised and clumpy gas in a normal galaxy at z=7.1 revealed by ALMA
• A Cold, Massive, Rotating Disk Galaxy 1.5 Billion Years after the Big Bang
• Normal, Dust-Obscured Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization
• Discovery of a Very Bright Strongly-Lensed Galaxy Candidate at z ~ 7.6
• The REBELS ALMA Survey: cosmic dust temperature evolution out to z $\sim$ 7
• [CII] emission in z ~ 6 strongly lensed, star-forming galaxies
• Astraeus I: The interplay between galaxy formation and reionization
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey: Molecular gas budget in the Early Universe as traced by [CII]
• Giant Molecular Clouds in M64
• z~2-9 Galaxies Magnified by the Hubble Frontier Field Clusters II: Luminosity Functions and Constraints on a Faint-End Turnover
• Missing [CII] emission from early galaxies
• Kinematics of $z\ge 6$ galaxies from [CII] line emission
• The Galactic dust-to-metals ratio and metallicity using gamma-ray bursts
• ALMA reveals metals yet no dust within multiple components in CR7
• The ALMA REBELS Survey. Epoch of Reionization giants: properties of dusty galaxies at $z\approx 7$
• SIGAME simulations of the [CII], [OI] and [OIII] line emission from star forming galaxies at z ~ 6
• The dust and [CII] morphologies of redshift ~4.5 sub-millimeter galaxies at ~200pc resolution: The absence of large clumps in the interstellar medium of high-redshift galaxies
• Molecular clouds in the Cosmic Snake normal star-forming galaxy 8 billion years ago
• A merger in the dusty, $z=7.5$ galaxy A1689-zD1?
• ALMA [CII] detection of a redshift 7 lensed galaxy behind RXJ1347.1-1145
• A dusty compact object bridging galaxies and quasars at cosmic dawn
• Dual constraints with ALMA: new [O III] 88 $\mu$m and dust-continuum observations reveal the ISM conditions of luminous LBGs at $z\sim 7$
• Strongly star-forming rotating disks in a complex merging system at z = 4,7 as revealed by ALMA
• Accurate dust temperature determination in a $z=7.13$ galaxy
• SHINING, A Survey of Far Infrared Lines in Nearby Galaxies. I: Survey Description, Observational Trends, and Line Diagnostics
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Kinematic Diversity & Rotation in Massive Star Forming Galaxies at z~4.4-5.9
• The Absence of [CII] 158$\mu$m Emission in Spectroscopically-Confirmed Galaxies at $z>8$
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: $HST$ and $Spitzer$ Photometry of 33 Lensed Fields Built with CHArGE
• No evidence for enhanced [OIII] 88um emission in a z~6 quasar compared to its companion starbursting galaxy
• The Nature of High ${[\mathrm{OIII}]}_{88\mu \mathrm{m}}$/${[\mathrm{CII}]}_{158\mu \mathrm{m}}$ Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization: Low Carbon Abundance and a Top-Heavy IMF?
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Bright [CII] 158 $\mu$m Lines from a Multiply Imaged Sub-$L^{\star }$ Galaxy at $z=6.0719$
• ALMA reveals extended cool gas and hot ionized outflows in a typical star-forming galaxy at $z=7.13$
• Spatially Resolved [CII] Emission in SPT0346-52: A Hyper-Starburst Galaxy Merger at z~5.7
• Dynamical Characterization of Galaxies at z~4-6 via Tilted Ring Fitting to ALMA [CII] Observations
• First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) IV: The size evolution of galaxies at $z\ge 5$
• Radiative equilibrium estimates of dust temperature and mass in high-redshift galaxies
• HST Grism Observations of a Gravitationally Lensed Redshift 10 Galaxy
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: a strongly lensed multiply imaged dusty system at $z\ge$6
• Chaotic and Clumpy Galaxy Formation in an Extremely Massive Reionization-Era Halo
• A solar metallicity galaxy at $z>$ 7? Possible detection of the [N II] 122 $\mu$m and [O III] 52 $\mu$m lines
• Possible Systematic Rotation in the Mature Stellar Population of a $z=9.1$ Galaxy
• Big Three Dragons: Molecular Gas in a Bright Lyman-Break Galaxy at $z=7.15$
• The rates and time-delay distribution of multiply imaged supernovae behind lensing clusters
• Spectroscopic confirmation of a gravitationally lensed Lyman break galaxy at z${}_{[CII]}$ = 6.827 using NOEMA
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: A spectral stacking analysis of [CII] in lensed $z\sim 6$ galaxies
• A puzzling non-detection of [O III] and [C II] from a $z\approx 7.7$ galaxy observed with ALMA