ALMA reveals extended cool gas and hot ionized outflows in a typical star-forming galaxy at $z=7.13$

Abstract

We present spatially-resolved morphological properties of [CII] 158 $\mu$m, [OIII] 88 $\mu$m, dust, and rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) continuum emission for A1689-zD1, a strongly lensed, sub-L* galaxy at $z=7.13$, by utilizing deep Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations. While the [OIII] line and UV continuum are compact, the [CII] line is extended up to a radius of $r\sim 12$ kpc. Using multi-band rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) continuum data ranging from 52-400 $\mu$m, we find an average dust temperature and emissivity index of $T_{\mathrm{dust}}=41_{-14}^{+17}$ K and $\beta =1.7_{-0.7}^{+1.1}$, respectively, across the galaxy. We find slight differences in the dust continuum profiles at different wavelengths, which may indicate that the dust temperature decreases with distance. We map the star-formation rate (SFR) via IR and UV luminosities and determine a total SFR of $37\pm 1M_{\odot }{\mathrm{yr}}^{-1}$ with an obscured fraction of $87\%$. While the [OIII] line is a good tracer of the SFR, the [CII] line shows deviation from the local $L_{[\mathrm{CII}]}$-SFR relations in the outskirts of the galaxy. Finally, we observe a clear difference in the line profile between [CII] and [OIII], with significant residuals ($\sim 5\sigma$) in the [OIII] line spectrum after subtracting a single Gaussian model. This suggests a possible origin of the extended [CII] structure from the cooling of hot ionized outflows. The extended [CII] and high-velocity [OIII] emission may both contribute in part to the high $L_{[\mathrm{OIII}]}$/$L_{[\mathrm{CII}]}$ ratios recently reported in $z>6$ galaxies.

22 pages, 14 figures, accepted to ApJ, presented at AAS240

References in corpus (42)

• The Circumgalactic Medium
• A Bayesian approach to strong lensing modelling of galaxy clusters
• Multi-Scale CLEAN deconvolution of radio synthesis images
• A dusty, normal galaxy in the epoch of reionization
• Combining Strong and Weak Gravitational Lensing in Abell 1689
• Very extended cold gas, star formation and outflows in the halo of a bright QSO at z>6
• [CII] 158 $\mu$m Emission as a Star Formation Tracer
• A dynamically cold disk galaxy in the early Universe
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey: Star-formation-driven outflows and circumgalactic enrichment in the early Universe
• Tracing the reionization epoch with ALMA: [CII] emission in z~7 galaxies
• Diffuse Lyman-alpha Halos around Galaxies at z=2.2-6.6: Implications for Galaxy Formation and Cosmic Reionization
• Dynamical properties of z $\sim 4.5$ dusty star-forming galaxies and their connection with local early type galaxies
• Deep into the structure of the first galaxies: SERRA views
• VLA and ALMA Imaging of Intense, Galaxy-Wide Star Formation in z ~ 2 Galaxies
• Zooming on the internal structure of $z\simeq 6$ galaxies
• Discovery of a Very Bright Strongly-Lensed Galaxy Candidate at z ~ 7.6
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: the dust content of $z\sim 7$ Lyman Break Galaxies
• Kinematics of $z\ge 6$ galaxies from [CII] line emission
• The Herschel Dwarf Galaxy Survey: II. Physical conditions, origin of [CII] emission, and porosity of the multiphase low-metallicity ISM
• SIGAME simulations of the [CII], [OI] and [OIII] line emission from star forming galaxies at z ~ 6
• AUTO-MULTITHRESH: A General Purpose Automasking Algorithm
• Probing Cosmic Dawn with Emission Lines: Predicting Infrared and Nebular Line Emission for ALMA and JWST
• A kiloparsec view of a typical star-forming galaxy when the Universe was ~1 Gyr old. Part I. Outflow, halo, and interstellar medium properties
• Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). XIII. Large-scale Feedback and Star Formation in a Low-Luminosity Quasar at z = 7.07 on the Local Black Hole to Host Mass Relation
• Extended [CII] Emission in Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies
• Accurate dust temperature determination in a $z=7.13$ galaxy
• No evidence for [CII] halos or high-velocity outflows in z>6 quasar host galaxies
• Cool dust heating and temperature mixing in nearby star-forming galaxies
• Is the Gini coefficient a stable measure of galaxy structure?
• Velocity dispersion in the interstellar medium of early galaxies
• The Nature of High ${[\mathrm{OIII}]}_{88\mu \mathrm{m}}$/${[\mathrm{CII}]}_{158\mu \mathrm{m}}$ Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization: Low Carbon Abundance and a Top-Heavy IMF?
• Dynamical Characterization of Galaxies at z~4-6 via Tilted Ring Fitting to ALMA [CII] Observations
• Physical constraints on the extended interstellar medium of the z=6.42 quasar J1148+5251: [CII] 158um, [NII] 205um and [OI] 146um observations
• Ubiquitous Molecular Outflows in z > 4 Massive, Dusty Galaxies I. Sample Overview and Clumpy Structure in Molecular Outflows on 500pc Scales
• High [OIII]/[CII] surface brightness ratios trace early starburst galaxies
• The fate of the interstellar medium in early-type galaxies. I. First direct measurement of the timescale of dust removal
• The Survey of Lines in M31 (SLIM): Investigating the Origins of [CII] Emission
• Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs) XII. Extended [C II] Structure (Merger or Outflow) in a z = 6.72 Red Quasar
• Exploring the Dust Content of Galactic Winds with Herschel. I. NGC 4631
• Exploring the Dust Content of Galactic Halos with Herschel III. NGC 891
• The VLA Frontier Field Survey: A Comparison of the Radio and UV/optical size of $0.3\lesssim z\lesssim 3$ star-forming galaxies
• ALMA [O III] and [C II] Detections of A1689-zD1 at $z=7.13$

Cited by in corpus (29)

• The gas and stellar content of a metal-poor galaxy at $z=8.496$ as revealed by JWST and ALMA
• JWST/NIRCam Observations of Stars and HII Regions in $z\simeq 6-8$ Galaxies: Properties of Star Forming Complexes on 150 pc Scales
• An empirical study of dust properties at the earliest epochs
• Reionization and the ISM/Stellar Origins with JWST and ALMA (RIOJA): The core of the highest redshift galaxy overdensity at $z=7.88$ confirmed by NIRSpec/JWST
• Spatially resolved dust properties and quasar-galaxy decomposition of a HyLIRG at z = 4.4
• The interstellar medium distribution, gas kinematics, and system dynamics of the far-infrared luminous quasar SDSS J2310+1855 at $z=6.0$
• [CII] halos in ALPINE galaxies: smoking-gun of galactic outflows?
• Multi-phase black-hole feedback and a bright [CII] halo in a Lo-BAL quasar at $z\sim 6.6$
• The ALMA-CRISTAL Survey: Spatial extent of [CII] line emission in star-forming galaxies at $z=4-6$
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey. Discovery of a 15 kpc-long gas plume in a $z=4.54$ Lyman-$\alpha$ blob
• The 300 pc resolution imaging of a z = 8.31 galaxy: Turbulent ionized gas and potential stellar feedback 600 million years after the Big Bang
• The cold interstellar medium of a normal sub-$L^{\star }$ galaxy at the end of reionization
• Evidence for extended gaseous reservoirs around AGN at cosmic noon from ALMA CO(3-2) observations
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Dust temperature and physical conditions of the interstellar medium in a typical galaxy at z=5.66
• Evidence of extended [CII] and dust emission in local dwarf galaxies
• Feedback and dynamical masses in high-$z$ galaxies: the advent of high-resolution NIRSpec spectroscopy
• The SUPERCOLD-CGM survey: \\ I. Probing the extended CO(4-3) Emission of the Circumglactic medium in a sample of 10 Enormous Ly$\alpha$ Nebulae at $z\sim 2$
• Carbon envelopes around merging galaxies at z ~ 4.5
• Spatially resolved dust properties over 50 kpc in a hyperluminous galaxy merger at $z=4.6$
• Infrared fine-structure lines at high redshift
• Simulated [CII] in high-z galaxies
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Extended [CII] emission in an interacting galaxy system at z ~ 5.5
• The [C II] line emission as an interstellar medium probe in the MARIGOLD galaxies
• The ALMA-CRISTAL Survey: Complex kinematics of the galaxies at the end of the Reionization Era
• High$-z$ [OI] emission lines: ColdSIM simulations and ALMA observations
• A PAH deficit in the starburst core of a distant spiral galaxy
• A search for cold molecular outflows in cosmic noon galaxies
• Early galaxy evolution: The complex interstellar medium distribution of the z~7 galaxy A1689-zD1
• The ALMA View of High-Redshift Galaxy Formation