The VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project: The cosmic star formation history since z~5

Abstract

We make use of the deep Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) COSMOS radio observations at 3 GHz to infer radio luminosity functions of star-forming galaxies up to redshifts of z~5 based on approximately 6000 detections with reliable optical counterparts. This is currently the largest radio-selected sample available out to z~5 across an area of 2 square degrees with a sensitivity of rms=2.3 ujy/beam. By fixing the faint and bright end shape of the radio luminosity function to the local values, we find a strong redshift trend that can be fitted with a pure luminosity evolution L~(1+z)^{(3.16 +- 0.2)-(0.32 +- 0.07) z}. We estimate star formation rates (SFRs) from our radio luminosities using an infrared (IR)-radio correlation that is redshift dependent. By integrating the parametric fits of the evolved luminosity function we calculate the cosmic SFR density (SFRD) history since z~5. Our data suggest that the SFRD history peaks between 2<z<3 and that the ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs; 100 Msol/yr<SFR<1000 Msol/yr) contribute up to ~25% to the total SFRD in the same redshift range. Hyperluminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs; SFR>1000 Msol/yr) contribute an additional <2% in the entire observed redshift range. We find evidence of a potential underestimation of SFRD based on ultraviolet (UV) rest-frame observations of Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at high redshifts (z>4) on the order of 15-20%, owing to appreciable star formation in highly dust-obscured galaxies, which might remain undetected in such UV observations.

18 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

References in corpus (15)

• Cosmic Star Formation History
• The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) -- Overview
• A simple model to interpret the ultraviolet, optical and infrared emission from galaxies
• UV Luminosity Functions at redshifts z~4 to z~10: 10000 Galaxies from HST Legacy Fields
• The VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project: Continuum data and source catalog release
• Radio sources in the 6dFGS: Local luminosity functions at 1.4 GHz for star-forming galaxies and radio-loud AGN
• The VLA-COSMOS Survey: II. Source Catalog of the Large Project
• VLA-COSMOS 3GHz Large Project: The infrared-radio correlation of star-forming galaxies and AGN to $z\lesssim 6$
• The VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project: Multiwavelength counterparts and the composition of the faint radio population
• The Star Formation History of the Universe as Revealed by Deep Radio Observations
• The far-infrared/radio correlation and radio spectral index of galaxies in the SFR-M* plane up to z 2
• The VLA-COSMOS 3~GHz Large Project: AGN and host-galaxy properties out to z$\lesssim$6
• A Unified Catalog of Radio Objects Detected by NVSS, FIRST, WENSS, GB6, and SDSS
• A new method to separate star forming from AGN galaxies at intermediate redshift: The submillijansky radio population in the VLA-COSMOS survey
• The dust un-biased cosmic star formation history from the 20 cm VLA-COSMOS survey

Cited by in corpus (115)

• COSMOS2020: A panchromatic view of the Universe to $z\sim 10$ from two complementary catalogs
• The FLAMINGO project: cosmological hydrodynamical simulations for large-scale structure and galaxy cluster surveys
• Introducing the NewHorizon simulation: Galaxy properties with resolved internal dynamics across cosmic time
• Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey: Selection and Characterization of Luminous Interstellar Medium Reservoirs in the z>6.5 Universe
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: The nature, luminosity function and star formation history of dusty galaxies up to z~6
• The Evolution of the IR Luminosity Function and Dust-obscured Star Formation in the Last 13 Billion Years
• "Super-deblended" Dust Emission in Galaxies: I. The GOODS-North Catalog and the Cosmic Star Formation Rate Density out to Redshift 6
• The Evolution of the Baryons Associated with Galaxies Averaged over Cosmic Time and Space
• The VLA-COSMOS 3~GHz Large Project: Cosmic evolution of radio AGN and implications for radio-mode feedback since z~5
• Dust attenuation in 2<z<3 star-forming galaxies from deep ALMA observations of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• The Dawes Review 8: Measuring the Stellar Initial Mass Function
• The Tiered Radio Extragalactic Continuum Simulation (T-RECS)
• The infrared-radio correlation of star-forming galaxies is strongly M${}_{\star }$-dependent but nearly redshift-invariant since z$\sim$4
• The VANDELS ESO public spectroscopic survey
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: Dust Continuum Detections at z > 6.5
• The LOFAR Two Metre Sky Survey: Deep Fields Data Release 1 -- III. Host-galaxy identifications and value added catalogues
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: The Dust-obscured Cosmic Star Formation Rate Density at Redshift 7
• Alma Twenty-six Arcmin^2 Survey Of Goods-s At One-millimeter (asagao): Source Catalog And Number Counts
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): A forensic SED reconstruction of the cosmic star formation history and metallicity evolution by galaxy type
• JWST unveils heavily obscured (active and passive) sources up to z~13
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep fields: The star formation rate - radio luminosity relation at low frequencies
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields Data Release 1: V. Survey description, source classifications and host galaxy properties
• Accurate dust temperature determination in a $z=7.13$ galaxy
• The Dramatic Size and Kinematic Evolution of Massive Early-Type Galaxies
• Mapping Obscuration to Reionization with ALMA (MORA): 2mm Efficiently Selects the Highest-Redshift Obscured Galaxies
• Illuminating the dark side of cosmic star formation two billion years after the Big Bang
• The Lockman Hole Project: new constraints on the sub-mJy source counts from a wide-area 1.4 GHz mosaic
• LOFAR-Boötes: Properties of high- and low-excitation radio galaxies at $0.5<z<2.0$
• Merging Rates of Compact Binaries in Galaxies: Perspectives for Gravitational Wave Detections
• BASS XXXII: Studying the Nuclear Mm-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales $\lesssim$ 100-200 pc
• The non-linear infrared-radio correlation of low-z galaxies: implications for redshift evolution, a new radio SFR recipe, and how to minimize selection bias
• CONCERTO: High-fidelity simulation of millimeter line emissions of galaxies and [CII] intensity mapping
• A new estimate of the cosmic star formation density from a radio-selected sample, and the contribution of $H$-dark galaxies at $z\ge 3$
• No redshift evolution of non-repeating fast radio-burst rates
• A${}^3$COSMOS: A census on the molecular gas mass and extent of main-sequence galaxies across cosmic time
• Evolution of Galaxy Star Formation and Metallicity: Impact on Double Compact Objects Mergers
• A Multi-wavelength Analysis of the Faint Radio Sky (COSMOS-XS): the Nature of the Ultra-faint Radio Population
• Exploring galaxies-gravitational waves cross-correlations as an astrophysical probe
• Comprehensive Gas Characterization of a $z=2.5$ Protocluster: A Cluster Core Caught in the Beginning of Virialization?
• An Ultra-deep Multi-band VLA Survey of the Faint Radio Sky (COSMOS-XS): Source Catalog and Number Counts
• Extreme submillimetre starburst galaxies
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: the radio view of the cosmic star formation history
• The VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project: Star formation properties and radio luminosity functions of AGN with moderate-to-high radiative luminosities out to $z\sim 6$
• Deep silence: radio properties of little red dots
• The radio emission from Active Galactic Nuclei
• Constraints on submicrojansky radio number counts based on evolving VLA-COSMOS luminosity functions
• Cosmic evolution of star-forming galaxies to $z\simeq 1.8$ in the faint low-frequency radio source population
• An ALMA Survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS Field: The Far-infrared/Radio correlation for High-redshift Dusty Star-forming Galaxies
• A new sample of southern radio galaxies: Host galaxy masses and star-formation rates
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: On the nature of an extremely obscured serendipitous galaxy
• Narrow line AGN selection in CEERS: spectroscopic selection, physical properties, X-ray and radio analysis
• Delving deep: a population of extremely dusty dwarfs observed by JWST
• Outflows of hot molecular gas in ultra-luminous infra-red galaxies mapped with VLT-SINFONI
• Observing patchy reionization with future CMB polarization experiments
• Simulating the infrared sky with a Spritz
• Growth of Supermassive Black Hole Seeds in ETG Star-Forming Progenitors: Multiple Merging of Stellar Compact Remnants via Gaseous Dynamical Friction and Gravitational Wave Emission
• The Black Hole Mass Function Across Cosmic Times I. Stellar Black Holes and Light Seed Distribution
• The fundamental plane of black hole activity for low-luminosity radio active galactic nuclei across 1 < z < 4
• Stellar Mass Function of Active and Quiescent Galaxies via the Continuity Equation
• On the existence of bright IR galaxies at z>2: tension between Herschel and SCUBA-2 results?
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep fields: A new analysis of low-frequency radio luminosity as a star-formation tracer in the Lockman Hole region
• New constraints on the 1.4 GHz source number counts and luminosity functions in the Lockman Hole field
• Nowhere to Hide: Radio-faint AGN in the GOODS-N field. II. Multi-wavelength AGN selection techniques and host galaxy properties
• Simulations of the polarized radio sky and predictions on the confusion limit in polarization for future radio surveys
• The radio properties of the JWST-discovered AGN
• The Black Hole Mass Function Across Cosmic Times II. Heavy Seeds and (Super)Massive Black Holes
• Illuminating the Dark Side of Cosmic Star Formation III: Building the largest homogeneous sample of Radio-Selected Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies in COSMOS with PhoEBO
• An ultra-deep multi-band VLA survey of the faint radio sky (COSMOS-XS): New constraints on the cosmic star formation history
• Luminosity-duration relation of fast radio bursts
• GMRT unveils steep-spectrum antique filaments in the galaxy cluster Abell 725
• The Tiered Radio Extragalactic Continuum (T-RECS) simulation II: HI emission and continuum-HI cross-correlation
• J-PLUS: The star formation main sequence and rate density at d < 75 Mpc
• Heavily Obscured AGN detection: a Radio vs X-ray challenge
• A deep 1.4 GHz survey of the J1030 equatorial field: a new window on radio source populations across cosmic time
• Radio Afterglows from Compact Binary Coalescences: Prospects for Next-Generation Telescopes
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields -- Data Release 1: IV. Photometric redshifts and stellar masses
• COLDz: Probing Cosmic Star Formation With Radio Free-free Emission
• A super-linear "radio-AGN main sequence'' links mean radio-AGN power and galaxy stellar mass since z$\sim$3
• The Nature of 500 micron Risers I: SMA Observations
• A deep radio view of the evolution of the cosmic star-formation rate density from a stellar-mass selected sample in VLA-COSMOS
• Diffuse supernova neutrino background with up-to-date star formation rate measurements and long-term multidimensional supernova simulations
• Deep uGMRT observations of the ELAIS-North 1 field: statistical properties of radio--infrared relations up to $z\sim$2
• Cosmic evolution of radio-excess AGNs in quiescent and star-forming galaxies across $0<z<4$
• The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] survey: the luminosity function of serendipitous [C II] line emitters at $z\sim 5$
• The XXL Survey: XLIII. The quasar radio loudness dichotomy exposed via radio luminosity functions obtained by combining results from COSMOS and XXL-S X-ray selected quasars
• The XXL Survey : XXVI. Optical and near-infrared identifications of the ATCA 2.1 GHz radio sources in the XXL-S Field
• The star-forming main sequence and the contribution of dust-obscured star formation since $z\sim 4$ from the FUV+IR luminosity functions
• The far-infrared/radio correlation for a sample of strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxies detected by Herschel
• GalaPy, the highly optimised C++/Python spectral modelling tool for galaxies -- I. Library presentation and photometric fitting
• The ASTRID Simulation at z=0: From Massive Black Holes to Large-scale Structure
• Detectability of the ${\tau }_{es}$-21cm cross-correlation: a tomographic probe of patchy reionization
• Euclid: Identifying the reddest high-redshift galaxies in the Euclid Deep Fields with gradient-boosted trees
• JWST PRIMER: A deep JWST study of all ALMA-detected galaxies in PRIMER COSMOS -- dust-obscured star-formation history back to z $\simeq$ 7
• The XXL Survey. XLI. Radio AGN luminosity functions based on the GMRT $610\mathrm{MHz}$ continuum observations
• A SCUBA-2 Selected Herschel-SPIRE Dropout and the Nature of this Population
• Going deeper into the dark with COSMOS-Web: JWST unveils the total contribution of Radio-Selected NIRfaint galaxies to the cosmic Star Formation Rate Density
• COLIBRE: calibrating subgrid feedback in cosmological simulations that include a cold gas phase
• Revisiting the Relationship between the Long GRB Rate and Cosmic Star Formation History Based on a Large Swift Sample
• Understanding the radio luminosity function of star-forming galaxies and its cosmological evolution
• Exploring the multiband gravitational wave background with a semi-analytic galaxy formation model
• Cosmic evolution of molecular gas mass density from an empirical relation between ${\mathrm{L}}_{1.4GHz}$ and ${\mathrm{L}}_{\mathrm{CO}}^{\prime }$
• Dust-UV offsets in high-redshift galaxies in the Cosmic Dawn III simulation
• An optically-dark merging system at z~6 detected by JWST
• Pulsar B1237+25 Aberration/Retardation Analysis from Decimeter to Decameter Wavelength: Challenge to "Radius-to-Frequency Mapping"
• SEMPER I. Radio Predictions for Star-Forming Galaxies at $0<z<5$
• Probing the Infrared/Radio correlation of the full IRAS Revised Bright Galaxy Sample with MeerKAT and the VLA
• Simulating infrared spectro-photometric surveys with a SPRITZ
• Tracing obscured galaxy build-up at high redshift using deep radio surveys
• The evolution of the radio luminosity function of group galaxies in COSMOS
• Deblending the MIGHTEE-COSMOS survey with XID+: The resolved radio source counts to $S_{1.4}\approx 5\mu$Jy
• An empirical model of the extragalactic radio background
• EMU/GAMA: A new approach to characterising radio luminosity functions
• pop-cosmos: Star formation over 12 Gyr from generative modelling of a deep infrared-selected galaxy catalogue
• High redshift galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey: II. strengthening the evidence of bright-end excess in UV luminosity functions at 2.5 <= z <= 4.5 by PDF analysis
• Extragalactic radio surveys in the pre-Square Kilometre Array era