A multi-scale multi-frequency deconvolution algorithm for synthesis imaging in radio interferometry

Abstract

Aims : We describe MS-MFS, a multi-scale multi-frequency deconvolution algorithm for wide-band synthesis-imaging, and present imaging results that illustrate the capabilities of the algorithm and the conditions under which it is feasible and gives accurate results. Methods : The MS-MFS algorithm models the wide-band sky-brightness distribution as a linear combination of spatial and spectral basis functions, and performs image-reconstruction by combining a linear-least-squares approach with iterative ${\chi }^2$ minimization. This method extends and combines the ideas used in the MS-CLEAN and MF-CLEAN algorithms for multi-scale and multi-frequency deconvolution respectively, and can be used in conjunction with existing wide-field imaging algorithms. We also discuss a simpler hybrid of spectral-line and continuum imaging methods and point out situations where it may suffice. Results : We show via simulations and application to multi-frequency VLA data and wideband EVLA data, that it is possible to reconstruct both spatial and spectral structure of compact and extended emission at the continuum sensitivity level and at the angular resolution allowed by the highest sampled frequency.

17 pages, 11 figures

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• A procedure for making high dynamic-range radio images: Deep imaging of the kiloparsec-scale radio structures of a distant blazar, NRAO 530, with JVLA data
• The XXL Survey: IX. Optical overdensity and radio continuum analysis of a supercluster at $z=0.43$
• A VLBI Proper Motion Analysis of the Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole Candidate Mrk 1018
• The MeerKAT Absorption Line Survey (MALS) data release 3: Cold atomic gas associated with the Milky Way
• A novel radio imaging method for physical spectral index modelling
• Radio Scrutiny of the X-ray-Weak Tail of Low-Mass Active Galactic Nuclei: A Novel Signature of High-Eddington Accretion?
• Diffuse radio sky models using large scale shapelets
• Jet-mode feedback in NGC 5972: insights from resolved MUSE, GMRT and VLA observations
• Feedback Factory: Multiple faint radio-jets detected in a cluster at z=2
• WS-Snapshot: An effective algorithm for wide-field and large-scale imaging
• Multi-Step Reconstruction of Radio-Interferometric Images
• A Polarization Study of 3 Blazars using the uGMRT at ~600 MHz
• A regularized tri-linear approach for optical interferometric imaging
• Characterizing elusive, faint dusty star-forming galaxies: a lensed, optically undetected ALMA galaxy at z~3.3
• ALMA 873 $\mu$m Polarization Observations of the PDS~70 Disk
• Noise in Maps of the Sun at Radio Wavelengths II: Solar Use Cases
• An Algorithm Architecture for Radio Interferometric Data Processing
• Convolutional Deep Denoising Autoencoders for Radio Astronomical Images
• Metrewave Galactic Plane with the uGMRT (MeGaPluG) Survey: Lessons from the Pilot Study
• Radio Emission from a Nearby M dwarf Binary
• The pre-eruption state of T CrB as observed with ALMA in 2024
• The Arp 240 Galaxy Merger: A Detailed Look at the Molecular Kennicutt-Schmidt Star Formation Law on Sub-kpc Scales
• Radio Halo of NGC 4631: Comparing Observations and Simulations
• ngVLA Synthetic Observations of Ionized Gas in Massive Protostars
• Accelerating the CLEAN algorithm of radio interferometry with convex optimization
• A Decentralized Framework for Radio-interferometric Image Reconstruction
• A Comprehensive Multiwavelength Study of the OH Megamaser galaxy IRAS 09320+6134
• ALMA and GMRT Studies of Dust Continuum Emission and Spectral Lines Toward Oort Cloud Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
• A first Chandra view of the cool core cluster A1668: offset cooling and AGN feedback cycle
• Memory-efficient w-projection with the fast Gauss transform
• Measuring Cosmic Density of Neutral Hydrogen via Stacking the DINGO-VLA Data
• Circumstellar Medium Constraints on the Environment of Two Nearby Type Ia Supernovae: SN 2017cbv and SN 2020nlb
• The Evolutionary Map of the Universe Pilot Survey
• Latent-space Field Tension for Astrophysical Component Detection An application to X-ray imaging
• Unravelling the origin of extended radio emission in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies with the JVLA
• ALMA measurements of mass loss and wind clumping in the massive stars of the Arches cluster
• The Solar ALMA Science Archive (SALSA)
• The AGN fuelling/feedback cycle in nearby radio galaxies -- IV. Molecular gas conditions and jet-ISM interaction in NGC3100
• Radio continuum emission from a tidal dwarf galaxy
• Variable structure in the PDS70 disc and uncertainties in radio-interferometric image restoration
• The resolved jet of 3C 273 at 150 MHz
• DoG-HiT: A novel VLBI Multiscale Imaging Approach
• Imaging and Modeling Data from the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
• The black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1348$-$630 in quiescence
• Diverse stages of star formation in the IRAS 18162-2048 region. Emergence of UV Feedback
• AT2019ijn: a fast-rising, slow-decaying blue optical transient with exceptionally bright radio emission
• Radio and X-ray flux rebrightening six years after outburst in a partially-obscured extreme changing-look AGN