The discovery of lensed radio and X-ray sources behind the Frontier Fields cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 with the JVLA and Chandra

Abstract

We report on high-resolution JVLA and Chandra observations of the HST Frontier Cluster MACS J0717.5+3745. MACS J0717.5+3745 offers the largest contiguous magnified area of any known cluster, making it a promising target to search for lensed radio and X-ray sources. With the high-resolution 1.0-6.5 GHz JVLA imaging in A and B configuration, we detect a total of 51 compact radio sources within the area covered by the HST imaging. Within this sample we find 7 lensed sources with amplification factors larger than $2$. None of these sources are identified as multiply-lensed. Based on the radio luminosities, the majority of these sources are likely star forming galaxies with star formation rates of 10-50 M${}_{\odot }$ yr${}^{-1}$ located at $1\lesssim z\lesssim 2$. Two of the lensed radio sources are also detected in the Chandra image of the cluster. These two sources are likely AGN, given their $2-10$ keV X-ray luminosities of $\sim 10^{43-44}$ erg s${}^{-1}$. From the derived radio luminosity function, we find evidence for an increase in the number density of radio sources at $0.6<z<2.0$, compared to a $z<0.3$ sample. Our observations indicate that deep radio imaging of lensing clusters can be used to study star forming galaxies, with star formation rates as low as $\sim 10$ M${}_{\odot }$ yr${}^{-1}$, at the peak of cosmic star formation history.

14 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

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Cited by in corpus (19)

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• Merging Cluster Collaboration: A Panchromatic Atlas of Radio Relic Mergers
• Anatomy of a Cooling Flow: The Feedback Response to Pure Cooling in the Core of the Phoenix Cluster
• LOFAR discovery of radio emission in MACSJ0717.5$+$3745
• Physical insights from the spectrum of the radio halo in MACS J0717.5+3745
• MC${}^2$: Multi-wavelength and dynamical analysis of the merging galaxy cluster ZwCl 0008.8+5215: An older and less massive Bullet Cluster
• The discovery of radio halos in the Frontier Fields clusters Abell S1063 and Abell 370
• Turbulent magnetic fields in the merging galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745: polarization analysis
• The VLA Frontier Field Survey: A Comparison of the Radio and UV/optical size of $0.3\lesssim z\lesssim 3$ star-forming galaxies
• The VLA Frontier Fields Survey: Deep, High-resolution Radio Imaging of the MACS Lensing Clusters at 3 and 6 GHz
• Discovery of large-scale diffuse radio emission in low-mass galaxy cluster Abell 1931
• MC^2: A deeper look at ZwCl 2341.1+0000 with Bayesian galaxy clustering and weak lensing analyses
• Deep Chandra observations of merging galaxy cluster ZwCl 2341+0000
• Strong Lensing Analysis of the Powerful Lensing Cluster MACS J2135.2-0102 ($z$=0.33)
• Globular cluster population of the HST frontier fields galaxy J07173724+3744224
• Cool-core, X-ray cavities and cold front revealed in RXCJ0352.9+1941 cluster by Chandra and GMRT observations
• The thermodynamic structure and large-scale structure filament in MACS J0717.5+3745