Imaging a Central Ionized Component, a Narrow Ring, and the CO Snowline in the Multi-Gapped Disk of HD 169142

Abstract

We report Very Large Array observations at 7 mm, 9 mm, and 3 cm toward the pre-transitional disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 169142. These observations have allowed us to study the mm emission of this disk with the highest angular resolution so far ($0\text{.}"12\times 0\text{.}"09$, or 14 au$\times$11 au, at 7 mm). Our 7 and 9 mm images show a narrow ring of emission at a radius of $\sim 25$ au tracing the outer edge of the inner gap. This ring presents an asymmetric morphology that could be produced by dynamical interactions between the disk and forming planets. Additionally, the azimuthally averaged radial intensity profiles of the 7 and 9 mm images confirm the presence of the previously reported gap at $\sim 45$ au, and reveal a new gap at $\sim 85$ au. We analyzed archival DCO${}^{+}$(3-2) and C${}^{18}$O(2-1) ALMA observations, showing that the CO snowline is located very close to this third outer gap. This suggests that growth and accumulation of large dust grains close to the CO snowline could be the mechanism responsible for this proposed outer gap. Finally, a compact source of emission is detected at 7 mm, 9 mm, and 3 cm toward the center of the disk. Its flux density and spectral index indicate that it is dominated by free-free emission from ionized gas, which could be associated with either the photoionization of the inner disk, an independent object, or an ionized jet.

12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

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• Confirmation and Keplerian motion of the gap-carving protoplanet HD 169142 b
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• Characterization of Ring Substructures in the Protoplanetary Disk of HD 169142 from Multi-Wavelength ALMA Observations
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• The Architecture of the V892 Tau System: the Binary and its Circumbinary Disk
• Self-Induced Dust Traps Around Snow Lines in Protoplanetary Discs
• The centimeter emission from planet-forming disks in Taurus
• A study of dust properties in the inner sub-au region of the Herbig Ae star HD 169142 with VLTI/PIONIER
• Distinguishing Magnetized Disc Winds from Turbulent Viscosity through Substructure Morphology in Planet-forming Discs
• The protoplanetary disc around HD 169142: circumstellar or circumbinary?
• An SMA Survey of Chemistry in Disks around Herbig AeBe Stars
• ALMA observation of the protoplanetary disk around WW Cha: faint double-peaked ring and asymmetric structure
• Spatially resolving polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Herbig Ae disks with VISIR-NEAR at the VLT
• Tiny Grains Shining Bright in the Gaps of Herbig Ae Transitional Discs
• New Mid-Infrared Imaging Constraints on Companions and Protoplanetary Disks around six Young Stars
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