WISDOM Project -- XXII. A 5% precision CO-dynamical supermassive black hole mass measurement in the galaxy NGC 383

Abstract

We present a measurement of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass of the nearby lenticular galaxy NGC 383, based on Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the ${}^{12}$CO(2-1) emission line with an angular resolution of $0{.}^{\prime \prime }050\times 0{.}^{\prime \prime }024$ ($\approx 16\times 8$ pc${}^2$). These observations spatially resolve the nuclear molecular gas disc down to $\approx 41,300$ Schwarzschild radii and the SMBH sphere of influence by a factor of $\approx 24$ radially, better than any other SMBH mass measurement using molecular gas to date. The high resolution enables us to probe material with a maximum circular velocity of $\approx 1040$ km/s, even higher than those of the highest-resolution SMBH mass measurements using megamasers. We detect a clear Keplerian increase (from the outside in) of the line-of-sight rotation velocities, a slight offset between the gas disc kinematic (i.e. the position of the SMBH) and morphological (i.e. the centre of the molecular gas emission) centres, an asymmetry of the innermost rotation velocity peaks and evidence for a mild position angle warp and/or non-circular motions within the central $\approx 0{.}^{\prime \prime }3$. By forward modelling the mass distribution and ALMA data cube, we infer a SMBH mass of $(3.58\pm 0.19)\times 10^9$ M${}_{\odot }$ ($1\sigma$ confidence interval), more precise ($5\%$) but consistent within $\approx 1.4\sigma$ with the previous measurement using lower-resolution molecular gas data. Our measurement emphasises the importance of high spatial resolution observations for precise SMBH mass determinations.

17 pages, 12 figures. Accepted by MNRAS on January 10th

References in corpus (63)

• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• A Relationship Between Nuclear Black Hole Mass and Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
• Final Results from the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project to Measure the Hubble Constant
• Revisiting the Scaling Relations of Black Hole Masses and Host Galaxy Properties
• The Atlas3D project - XV. Benchmark for early-type galaxies scaling relations from 260 dynamical models: mass-to-light ratio, dark matter, Fundamental Plane and Mass Plane
• A multi-scale multi-frequency deconvolution algorithm for synthesis imaging in radio interferometry
• What Drives the Growth of Black Holes?
• Measuring the inclination and mass-to-light ratio of axisymmetric galaxies via anisotropic Jeans models of stellar kinematics
• Efficient Multi-Gaussian Expansion of galaxies
• AGN outflows and feedback twenty years on
• The M87 Black Hole Mass from Gas-dynamical Models of Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph Observations
• The Megamaser Cosmology Project. III. Accurate Masses of Seven Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galaxies with Circumnuclear Megamaser Disks
• Unification of the Fundamental Plane and Super-Massive Black Holes Masses
• The Atlas3D project - XIV. The extent and kinematics of molecular gas in early-type galaxies
• On the Correlations between Galaxy Properties and Supermassive Black Hole Mass
• Dynamical models for jet deceleration in the radio galaxy 3C 31
• The counterrotating core and the black hole mass of IC1459
• The Geometry of and Mass Accretion Rate through the Maser Accretion Disk in NGC 4258
• ALMA observations of molecular tori around massive black holes
• The Many Routes to AGN Feedback
• Systematic properties of decelerating relativistic jets in low-luminosity radio galaxies
• Environment, Ram Pressure, and Shell Formation in HoII
• SuperMassive Black Holes in Bulges
• A black-hole mass measurement from molecular gas kinematics in NGC4526
• Radio galaxies of the local universe: all-sky catalog, luminosity functions, and clustering
• TANGO I: ISM in nearby radio galaxies. Molecular gas
• Recovering the intrinsic shape of early-type galaxies
• WISDOM Project - II: Molecular gas measurement of the supermassive black hole mass in NGC4697
• Dominant dark matter and a counter rotating disc: MUSE view of the low luminosity S0 galaxy NGC 5102
• Determination of masses of the central black holes in NGC524 and NGC2549 using Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics
• The Stellar Populations in the Central Parsecs of Galactic Bulges Central Stellar Populations
• Revealing the intermediate-mass black hole at the heart of the dwarf galaxy NGC 404 with sub-parsec resolution ALMA observations
• The AGN fuelling/feedback cycle in nearby radio galaxies - I. ALMA observations and early results
• WISDOM Project - I: Black Hole Mass Measurement Using Molecular Gas Kinematics in NGC 3665
• Black Hole Mass Measurements of Radio Galaxies NGC 315 and NGC 4261 Using ALMA CO Observations
• WISDOM Project - III: Molecular gas measurement of the supermassive black hole mass in the barred lenticular galaxy NGC4429
• The Megamaser Cosmology Project.IX. Black hole masses for three maser galaxies
• The ALMA Discovery of the Rotating Disk and Fast Outflow of Cold Molecular Gas in NGC 1275
• Measurement of the Black Hole Mass in NGC 1332 from ALMA Observations at 0.044 Arcsecond Resolution
• A Measurement of the Black-Hole Mass in NGC 1097 using ALMA
• WISDOM project -- V. Resolving molecular gas in Keplerian rotation around the supermassive black hole in NGC 0383
• ALMA Observations of Multiple-CO and C Lines Toward the Active Galactic Nucleus of NGC 7469: X-Ray-dominated Region Caught in the Act
• A Precision Measurement of the Mass of the Black Hole in NGC 3258 from High-Resolution ALMA Observations of its Circumnuclear Disk
• WISDOM project - IV. A molecular gas dynamical measurement of the supermassive black hole mass in NGC 524
• A figure of merit for black hole mass measurements with molecular gas
• Optimization of Moment Masking for CO Spectral Line Surveys
• The AGN fuelling/feedback cycle in nearby radio galaxies II. Kinematics of the molecular gas
• Molecular Gas in the Powerful Radio Galaxies 3C~31 and 3C~264: Major or Minor Mergers?
• The MBHBM* Project -- I: Measurement of the Central Black Hole Mass in Dwarf Galaxy NGC 3504 Using Molecular Gas Kinematics
• Two channels of supermassive black hole growth as seen on the galaxies mass-size plane
• The benchmark black hole in NGC 4258: dynamical models from high-resolution two-dimensional stellar kinematics
• Black hole mass measurement using ALMA observations of [CI] and CO emissions in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC7469
• MaNGA DynPop -- III. Stellar dynamics versus stellar population relations in 6000 early-type and spiral galaxies: Fundamental Plane, mass-to-light ratios, total density slopes, and dark matter fractions
• WISDOM Project -- VII. Molecular gas measurement of the supermassive black hole mass in NGC 7052
• The AGN fuelling/feedback cycle in nearby radio galaxies III. 3D relative orientations of radio jets and CO discs and their interaction
• WISDOM project -- XIV. SMBH mass in the early-type galaxies NGC0612, NGC1574, and NGC4261 from CO dynamical modelling
• The MBHBM${}^{\star }$ Project -- II. Molecular Gas Kinematics in the Lenticular Galaxy NGC 3593 Reveal a Supermassive Black Hole
• Accretion disk versus jet orientation in H${}_2$O megamaser galaxies
• Black Hole Mass Measurements of Early-Type Galaxies NGC 1380 and NGC 6861 Through ALMA and HST Observations and Gas-Dynamical Modeling
• The MASSIVE survey -- XIX. Molecular gas measurements of the supermassive black hole masses in the elliptical galaxies NGC 1684 and NGC 0997
• WISDOM Project -- XIX. Figures of merit for supermassive black hole mass measurements using molecular gas and/or megamaser kinematics
• Modeling ALMA Observations of the Warped Molecular Gas Disk in the Red Nugget Relic Galaxy NGC 384

Cited by in corpus (1)

• WISDOM Project -- XXVI. Cross-checking supermassive black hole mass estimates from ALMA CO gas kinematics and SINFONI stellar kinematics in the galaxy NGC 4751