The ALMA REBELS Survey: Dust Continuum Detections at z > 6.5

Abstract

We report 18 dust continuum detections ($\ge 3.3\sigma$) at $\sim 88\mu \mathrm{m}$ and $158\mu \mathrm{m}$ out of 49 ultraviolet(UV)-bright galaxies ($M_{\mathrm{UV}}<-21.3$ mag) at $z>6.5$, observed by the Cycle-7 ALMA Large Program, REBELS and its pilot programs. This has more than tripled the number of dust continuum detections known at $z>6.5$. Out of these 18 detections, 12 are reported for the first time as part of REBELS. In addition, 15 of the dust continuum detected galaxies also show a [CII]${}_{158\mu \mathrm{m}}$ emission line, providing us with accurate redshifts. We anticipate more line emission detections from six targets (including three continuum detected targets) where observations are still ongoing. The dust continuum detected sources in our sample tend to have a redder UV spectral slope than the ones without a dust continuum detection. We estimate that all of the sources have an infrared (IR) luminosity ($L_{\mathrm{IR}}$) in a range of $3-8\times 10^{11}{L}_{\odot }$, except for one with $L_{\mathrm{IR}}=1.5_{-0.5}^{+0.8}\times 10^{12}{L}_{\odot }$. Their fraction of obscured star formation is significant at $\gtrsim 50\%$. Some of the dust continuum detected galaxies show spatial offsets ($\sim 0.5-1.5^{\prime \prime }$) between the rest-UV and far-IR emission peaks. These separations appear to have an increasing trend against an indicator that suggests spatially decoupled phases of obscured and unobscured star formation. REBELS offers the best available statistical constraints on obscured star formation in UV-bright, massive galaxies at $z>6.5$.

17 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, Accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (50)

• The Gaia mission
• Cosmic Star Formation History
• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS)
• UltraVISTA: a new ultra-deep near-infrared survey in COSMOS
• Multi-Wavelength Constraints on the Cosmic Star Formation History from Spectroscopy: the Rest-Frame UV, H-alpha, and Infrared Luminosity Functions at Redshifts 1.9<z<3.4
• A dusty, normal galaxy in the epoch of reionization
• Modelling the nebular emission from primeval to present-day star-forming galaxies
• Dust in the reionization era: ALMA observations of a $z$=8.38 Galaxy
• Kiloparsec-scale dust disks in high-redshift luminous submillimeter galaxies
• Dust temperature and mid-to-total infrared color distributions for star-forming galaxies at 0<z<4
• On the Stellar Populations of Galaxies at z=9-11: The Growth of Metals and Stellar Mass at Early Times
• Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey: Selection and Characterization of Luminous Interstellar Medium Reservoirs in the z>6.5 Universe
• The Constant Average Relationship between Dust-obscured Star Formation and Stellar Mass from $z=0$ to $z=2.5$
• The Evolution of the IR Luminosity Function and Dust-obscured Star Formation in the Last 13 Billion Years
• The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey Large Program: The Infrared Excess of z=1.5-10 UV-selected Galaxies and the Implied High-Redshift Star Formation History
• Normal, Dust-Obscured Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization
• Galaxy Simulation with Dust Formation and Destruction
• Dust attenuation, dust emission, and dust temperature in galaxies at z>=5: a view from the FIRE-2 simulations
• The impact of chemistry on the structure of high-z galaxies
• The REBELS ALMA Survey: cosmic dust temperature evolution out to z $\sim$ 7
• The GREATS H$\beta$+[OIII] Luminosity Function and Galaxy Properties at $\mathbf{z}\sim 8$: Walking the Way of JWST
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: the dust content of $z\sim 7$ Lyman Break Galaxies
• A Search for H-Dropout Lyman Break Galaxies at z~12-16
• The ALMA REBELS Survey. Epoch of Reionization giants: properties of dusty galaxies at $z\approx 7$
• A survey of high-$z$ galaxies: SERRA simulations
• Dissecting the IRX - $\beta$ dust attenuation relation: exploring the physical origin of observed variations in galaxies
• Predictions for the spatial distribution of the dust continuum emission in 1<z<5 star-forming galaxies
• A kiloparsec view of a typical star-forming galaxy when the Universe was ~1 Gyr old. Part I. Outflow, halo, and interstellar medium properties
• Evidence for GN-z11 as a luminous galaxy at redshift 10.957
• Structural evolution in massive galaxies at z~2
• Dust production scenarios in galaxies at z ~ 6-8.3
• Accurate dust temperature determination in a $z=7.13$ galaxy
• Mapping Obscuration to Reionization with ALMA (MORA): 2mm Efficiently Selects the Highest-Redshift Obscured Galaxies
• The dust-continuum size of TNG50 galaxies at $z=1-5$: a comparison with the distribution of stellar light, stars, dust and H${}_2$
• ALMA twenty-six arcmin${}^2$ survey of GOODS-S at one-millimeter (ASAGAO): Near-infrared-dark faint ALMA sources
• Dust temperature in ALMA $\hbox{[C $\scriptstyle\rm II $]}$-detected high-$z$ galaxies
• The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: The nature of the faintest dusty star-forming galaxies
• Significant Dust-Obscured Star Formation in Luminous Lyman-break Galaxies at $z$$\sim$$7$$-$$8$
• The discovery of rest-frame UV colour gradients and a diversity of dust morphologies in bright z ~ 7 Lyman-break galaxies
• Dust Properties of [CII] Detected z $\sim$ 5.5 Galaxies: New HST/WFC3 Near-IR Observations
• Where does galactic dust come from?
• Interpreting the evolution of galaxy colours from $z=8$ to $z=5$
• Measurements of the dust properties in z~1-3 SMGs with ALMA
• Radiative equilibrium estimates of dust temperature and mass in high-redshift galaxies
• Resolving a dusty, star-forming SHiZELS galaxy at z=2.2 with HST, ALMA and SINFONI on kiloparsec scales
• ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: a strongly lensed multiply imaged dusty system at $z\ge$6
• A resolved map of the infrared excess in a Lyman Break Galaxy at z=3
• A kpc-scale resolved study of unobscured and obscured star-formation activity in normal galaxies at z = 1.5 and 2.2 from ALMA and HiZELS
• COLDz: Deep 34 GHz Continuum Observations and Free-free Emission in High-redshift Star-forming Galaxies
• ALMA 26 arcmin${}^2$ survey of GOODS-S at one-millimeter (ASAGAO): millimeter properties of stellar mass selected galaxies

Cited by in corpus (58)

• On the stunning abundance of super-early, massive galaxies revealed by JWST
• The brightest galaxies at Cosmic Dawn
• Dusty Starbursts Masquerading as Ultra-high Redshift Galaxies in JWST CEERS Observations
• A Lower Bound of Star Formation Activity in Ultra-high Redshift Galaxies Detected with JWST: Implications for Stellar Populations and Radiation Sources
• Balancing the efficiency and stochasticity of star formation with dust extinction in z > 10 galaxies observed by JWST
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: The Dust-obscured Cosmic Star Formation Rate Density at Redshift 7
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: Specific Star-Formation Rates in the Reionization Era
• First Sample of H$\alpha$+[O III] $\lambda$5007 Line Emitters at $z>6$ Through JWST/NIRCam Slitless Spectroscopy: Physical Properties and Line Luminosity Functions
• Blue Monsters. Why are JWST super-early, massive galaxies so blue?
• Deep ALMA redshift search of a z~12 GLASS-JWST galaxy candidate
• Early Results From GLASS-JWST. XII: The Morphology of Galaxies at the Epoch of Reionization
• The gas and stellar content of a metal-poor galaxy at $z=8.496$ as revealed by JWST and ALMA
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: Efficient Ly$\alpha$ Transmission of UV-Bright z$\simeq$7 Galaxies from Large Velocity Offsets and Broad Line Widths
• An empirical study of dust properties at the earliest epochs
• The assembly of dusty galaxies at $z\ge 4$: the build-up of stellar mass and its scaling relations with hints from early JWST data
• A new look at the infrared properties of z $\sim$ 5 galaxies
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: The Cosmic HI Gas Mass Density in Galaxies at $z\approx 7$
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: The First Infrared Luminosity Function Measurement at $\mathbf{z \sim 7}
• Dust attenuation law in JWST galaxies at z = 7-8
• ALMA reveals a stable rotating gas disk in a paradoxical low-mass, ultra-dusty galaxy at z = 4.274
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Widespread dust-obscured star formation in typical star-forming galaxies at z=4-6
• A First Look at Spatially Resolved Balmer Decrements at $1.0<z<2.4$ from JWST NIRISS Slitless Spectroscopy
• Galaxies with grains: unraveling dust evolution and extinction curves with hydrodynamical simulations
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Gas, dust, and stars in star-forming galaxies when the Universe was ~1 Gyr old I. Survey overview and case studies
• The ALMA REBELS Survey: Discovery of a massive, highly star-forming and morphologically complex ULIRG at $z=7.31$
• The dawn of disks: unveiling the turbulent ionised gas kinematics of the galaxy population at $z\sim 4-6$ with JWST/NIRCam grism spectroscopy
• Synergising semi-analytical models and hydrodynamical simulations to interpret JWST data from the first billion years
• ALMA Observation of a $z\gtrsim 10$ Galaxy Candidate Discovered with JWST
• Metal and dust evolution in ALMA REBELS galaxies: insights for future JWST observations
• Can primordial black holes explain the overabundance of bright super-early galaxies?
• ALMA observations of super-early galaxies: attenuation-free model predictions
• The cold interstellar medium of a normal sub-$L^{\star }$ galaxy at the end of reionization
• Dead or Alive? How Bursty Star Formation and Patchy Dust Can Cause Temporary Quiescence in High Redshift Galaxies
• The bright end of the galaxy luminosity function at $z\simeq 7$ from the VISTA VIDEO survey
• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Dust temperature and physical conditions of the interstellar medium in a typical galaxy at z=5.66
• A Dusty Dawn: Galactic Dust Buildup at $z\gtrsim 5$
• A kiloparsec-scale ordered magnetic field in a galaxy at z=5.6
• Bulgeless disks, dark galaxies, inverted color gradients, and other expected phenomena at higher z. The chromatic surface brightness modulation (CMOD) effect
• Dust in High-Redshift Galaxies: Reconciling UV Attenuation and IR Emission
• Tracing the evolutionary pathways of dust and cold gas in high-z quiescent galaxies with SIMBA
• Analytic models of dust temperature in high-redshift galaxies
• Effects of dust sources on dust attenuation properties in IllustrisTNG galaxies at $z\sim 7$
• A model for the infrared-radio correlation of main-sequence galaxies at GHz frequencies and its variation on redshift and stellar mass
• Spatially resolved [CII]-gas conversion factor in early galaxies
• JWST PRIMER: A deep JWST study of all ALMA-detected galaxies in PRIMER COSMOS -- dust-obscured star-formation history back to z $\simeq$ 7
• ALPINE: A Large Survey to Understand Teenage Galaxies
• CEERS: Forging the First Dust Grains in the Universe? A Population of Galaxies with spectroscopically-derived Extremely Low Dust Attenuation (GELDA) at 4.0<z<11.4
• Dust emission from the bulk of galaxies at the Epoch of Reionization
• The JWST/AURORA Survey: Multiple Balmer and Paschen Emission Lines for Individual Star-forming Galaxies at z=1.5-4.4. I. A Diversity of Nebular Attenuation Curves and Evidence for Non-Unity Dust Covering Fractions
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Unveiling the baryon evolution in the ISM of $z\sim 5$ star-forming galaxies
• Unveiling dust, molecular gas, and high star formation efficiency in extremely UV bright star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 2.1-3.6$
• Predictions of the 21cm global signal in the JWST and ALMA era
• Dust-UV offsets in high-redshift galaxies in the Cosmic Dawn III simulation
• REBELS-IFU: Spatially Resolved Ionizing Photon Production Efficiencies of 12 Bright Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization
• Direct detection of cool molecular gas in a star-forming galaxy at $z=7.31$
• Licking the plate: dusty star-forming galaxies buried in the ALMA calibration data
• Euclid: Discovery of bright $z\simeq 7$ Lyman-break galaxies in UltraVISTA and Euclid COSMOS
• The ALMA View of High-Redshift Galaxy Formation