Decoherence in Josephson Qubits from Dielectric Loss

Abstract

Dielectric loss from two-level states is shown to be a dominant decoherence source in superconducting quantum bits. Depending on the qubit design, dielectric loss from insulating materials or the tunnel junction can lead to short coherence times. We show that a variety of microwave and qubit measurements are well modeled by loss from resonant absorption of two-level defects. Our results demonstrate that this loss can be significantly reduced by using better dielectrics and fabricating junctions of small area $\lesssim 10\mu {\text{m}}^2$. With a redesigned phase qubit employing low-loss dielectrics, the energy relaxation rate has been improved by a factor of 20, opening up the possibility of multi-qubit gates and algorithms.

shortened version submitted to PRL

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• Ge thin-films with tantalum diffusion-barriers for use in Nb-based superconductor technology
• Illusory Decoherence
• Nonequilibrium Quasiparticles in Superconducting Circuits: Energy Relaxation, Charge and Flux Noise
• Optimal design of a superconducting transmon qubit with tapered wiring
• Dynamical decoupling of superconducting qubits
• Precision measurements of the zero temperature dielectric constant and density of liquid ${}^4$He
• Effect of Etching Methods on Dielectric Losses in Transmons
• Quantum simulation of the microscopic to macroscopic crossover using superconducting quantum impurities
• Epitaxial titanium nitride microwave resonators: Structural, chemical, electrical, and microwave properties
• Flux noise in a superconducting transmission line
• Optimal quantum resource generation in coupled transmons immersed in Markovian baths
• Thermodynamics of a Quantum Ising system coupled to a spin bath: Zero Temperature Results
• Magnetic dipole-dipole interaction induced by the electromagnetic field
• Low-temperature spin dynamics in LAFO thin films: from cubic anisotropy to TLS-limited coherence
• Environment-Assisted Shortcuts to Adiabaticity
• Connected Network Model for the Mechanical Loss of Amorphous Materials
• Non-equilibrium Dynamics of Two-level Systems directly after Cryogenic Alternating Bias
• Review of Superconducting Qubit Devices and Their Large-Scale Integration
• Loss Mechanisms in High-coherence Multimode Mechanical Resonators Coupled to Superconducting Circuits
• Thermal cycling -- evidence for a generalized tunneling model and a tool to distinguish noise sources in quantum circuits
• Quantum Jump Approach to Switching Process of a Josephson Junction Coupled to a Microscopic Two-Level System
• Impact of Absorption due to Zero-Field Splitting on Loss in Dielectrics: A Case Study in Sapphire
• Interacting Defects Generate Stochastic Fluctuations in Superconducting Qubits
• Broadband and high-precision two-level system loss measurement using superconducting multi-wave resonators
• Optimizing CMOS-compatible, superconducting titanium nitride resonators: Deposition conditions and structuring processes
• Dissipation in Josephson tunneling junctions at low temperatures
• Temperature-Dependent Dielectric Function of Tantalum Nitride Formed by Atomic Layer Deposition for Tunnel Barriers in Josephson Junctions
• Surface Optimization of Superconducting Aluminum Resonators for Robust Quantum Device Fabrication