Colloquium: Graphene spectroscopy

Abstract

Spectroscopic studies of electronic phenomena in graphene are reviewed. A variety of methods and techniques are surveyed, from quasiparticle spectroscopies (tunneling, photoemission) to methods probing density and current response (infrared optics, Raman) to scanning probe nanoscopy and ultrafast pump-probe experiments. Vast complimentary information derived from these investigations is shown to highlight unusual properties of Dirac quasiparticles and many-body interaction effects in the physics of graphene.

36 pages, 16 figures

References in corpus (163)

• The electronic properties of graphene
• The Raman Fingerprint of Graphene
• Two Dimensional Atomic Crystals
• Universal Dynamic Conductivity and Quantized Visible Opacity of Suspended Graphene
• Ultrahigh electron mobility in suspended graphene
• Detection of Individual Gas Molecules Absorbed on Graphene
• Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics
• Energy Band Gap Engineering of Graphene Nanoribbons
• Chiral tunneling and the Klein paradox in graphene
• Electrochemically Top Gated Graphene: Monitoring Dopants by Raman Scattering
• Ultrathin epitaxial graphite: 2D electron gas properties and a route toward graphene-based nanoelectronics
• Giant Intrinsic Carrier Mobilities in Graphene and Its Bilayer
• Suspended Graphene: a bridge to the Dirac point
• Graphene plasmonics
• Doping graphene with metal contacts
• Substrate-induced band gap opening in epitaxial graphene
• Biased bilayer graphene: semiconductor with a gap tunable by electric field effect
• Uniaxial Strain in Graphene by Raman Spectroscopy: G peak splitting, Gruneisen Parameters and Sample Orientation
• Making graphene visible
• Measurement of the Optical Conductivity of Graphene
• Gate-induced insulating state in bilayer graphene devices
• Dielectric function, screening, and plasmons in 2D graphene
• Micrometer-scale ballistic transport in encapsulated graphene at room temperature
• Charged Impurity Scattering in Graphene
• Electronic States of Graphene Nanoribbons
• STM Spectroscopy of ultra-flat graphene on hexagonal boron nitride
• Asymmetry gap in the electronic band structure of bilayer graphene
• Carrier transport in 2D graphene layers
• A self-consistent theory for graphene transport
• Graphene field-effect-transistors with high on/off current ratio and large transport band gap at room temperature
• Emergence of Superlattice Dirac Points in Graphene on Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• The electronic properties of bilayer graphene
• Electric Field Effect Tuning of Electron-Phonon Coupling in Graphene
• Dynamical polarization of graphene at finite doping
• Spin qubits in graphene quantum dots
• All-graphene integrated circuits via strain engineering
• Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene Edges
• Veselago Lens for Electrons: Focusing and Caustics in Graphene p-n Junctions
• Measurement of Scattering Rate and Minimum Conductivity in Graphene
• Colloquium: The transport properties of graphene: An introduction
• Spin-orbit coupling in curved graphene, fullerenes, nanotubes, and nanotube caps
• Controlling electron-phonon interactions in graphene at ultra high carrier densities
• Mid-infrared plasmons in scaled graphene nanostructures
• Intrinsic Response of Graphene Vapor Sensors
• Graphene films with large domain size by a two-step chemical vapor deposition process
• The optical conductivity of graphene in the visible region of the spectrum
• Epitaxial graphene
• A new electromagnetic mode in graphene
• Space-time dispersion of graphene conductivity
• Electrodynamics of Correlated Electron Materials
• Excitonic Effects on the Optical Response of Graphene and Bilayer Graphene
• Anisotropic behaviors of massless Dirac fermions in graphene under periodic potential
• Single Layer Behavior and Its Breakdown in Twisted Graphene Layers
• Giant Faraday rotation in single- and multilayer graphene
• Continuum Model of the Twisted Bilayer
• Two Dimensional Ir-Cluster Lattices on Moiré of Graphene with Ir(111)
• Landau level spectroscopy of ultrathin graphite layers
• Coupling of Spin and Orbital Motion of Electrons in Carbon Nanotubes
• Infrared spectroscopy of Landau levels in graphene
• Dirac Cones and Minigaps for Graphene on Ir(111)
• Spectroscopic ellipsometry of graphene and an exciton-shifted van Hove peak in absorption
• Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Graphene on Graphite
• Probing the Intrinsic Properties of Exfoliated Graphene: Raman Spectroscopy of Free-Standing Monolayers
• Ultrafast Photoluminescence from Graphene
• Giant Phonon-induced Conductance in Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Gate-tunable Graphene
• The phonon dispersion of graphite by inelastic x-ray scattering
• New Generation of Massless Dirac Fermions in Graphene under External Periodic Potentials
• Fermi velocity engineering in graphene by substrate modification
• Intervalley scattering, long-range disorder, and effective time reversal symmetry breaking in graphene
• Energy gaps in etched graphene nanoribbons
• A comparison of graphene, superconductors and metals as conductors for metamaterials and plasmonics
• Subjecting a graphene monolayer to tension and compression
• Atomic Hole Doping of Graphene
• Origins of anomalous electronic structures of epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide
• Midgap states and charge inhomogeneities in corrugated graphene
• Probing the Electronic Structure of Bilayer Graphene by Raman Scattering
• Is graphene in vacuum an insulator?
• Electronic properties of bilayer and multilayer graphene
• Electron states of mono- and bilayer graphene on SiC probed by STM
• Determination of the electronic structure of bilayer graphene from infrared spectroscopy results
• Impact of the electron-electron correlation on phonon dispersions: failure of LDA and GGA functionals in graphene and graphite
• Graphene as an electronic membrane
• Interaction phenomena in graphene seen through quantum capacitance
• The Role of Electron-electron Interactions in Graphene ARPES Spectra
• Visibility of graphene flakes on a dielectric substrate
• Magnetic field tuning of terahertz Dirac plasmons in graphene
• Metal to insulator transition in epitaxial graphene induced by molecular doping
• Colors Of Graphite On Silicon Dioxide
• Terahertz and Infrared Spectroscopy of Gated Large-Area Graphene
• A new magnetic field dependence of Landau levels on a graphene like structure
• Gauge field induced by ripples in graphene
• Intrinsic Terahertz Plasmons and Magnetoplasmons in Large Scale Monolayer Graphene
• Pseudospin Magnetism in Graphene
• On the minimal conductivity of graphene
• Zero modes of tight binding electrons on the honeycomb lattice
• Spatially resolved spectroscopy of monolayer graphene on SiO2
• Density of states and zero Landau level probed through capacitance of graphene
• Energy gap tuning in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride bilayer system
• Quantum critical point in graphene approached in the limit of infinitely strong Coulomb interaction
• Many-body interactions in quasi-freestanding graphene
• Graphene under hydrostatic pressure
• Quantum Anomalous Hall State in Bilayer Graphene
• Velocity Renormalization and Carrier Lifetime in Graphene from Electron-Phonon Interaction
• Quantum dot behavior in graphene nanoconstrictions
• Chirality and Correlations in Graphene
• Electron-phonon coupling and electron self-energy in electron-doped graphene: calculation of angular resolved photoemission spectra
• Theory of resonant multiphonon Raman scattering in graphene
• Is graphene on Ru(0001) a nanomesh?
• Dirac-point engineering and topological phase transitions in honeycomb optical lattices
• Infrared spectroscopy of electronic bands in bilayer graphene
• Electron-Phonon Interactions in Graphene, Bilayer Graphene, and Graphite
• Pseudomagnetic fields and ballistic transport in a suspended graphene sheet
• Plasmon-phonon coupling in graphene
• Origin of the energy bandgap in epitaxial graphene
• Random resistor network model of minimal conductivity in graphene
• Dirac electronic states in graphene systems: Optical spectroscopy studies
• Quasiparticle Chirality in Epitaxial Graphene Probed at the Nanometer Scale
• Ground-state of graphene in the presence of random charged impurities
• Comment on "Band structure engineering of graphene by strain: First-principles calculations"
• Characterization of graphene through anisotropy of constant-energy maps in angle-resolved photoemission
• Nonlinear screening and ballistic transport in a graphene p-n junction
• Probing charge scattering mechanisms in suspended graphene by varying its dielectric environment
• Interplay of Coulomb and electron-phonon interactions in graphene
• Transmission through a biased graphene bilayer barrier
• Graphene via large N I: Renormalization
• Observation of Distinct Electron-Phonon Couplings in Gated Bilayer Graphene
• Minimal conductivity in graphene: interaction corrections and ultraviolet anomaly
• Strong phonon-plasmon coupled modes in the graphene/silicon carbide heterosystem
• Conductivity of suspended and non-suspended graphene at finite gate voltage
• Collective modes of doped graphene and a standard 2DEG in a strong magnetic field: linear magneto-plasmons versus magneto-excitons
• Charge response function and a novel plasmon mode in graphene
• Graphene: A Pseudochiral Fermi Liquid
• Interaction corrections to the polarization function of graphene
• Density dependent exchange contribution to $\partial \mu /\partial n$ in extrinsic graphene
• Electron density distribution and screening in rippled graphene sheets
• Measurement of the electronic compressibility of bilayer graphene
• Magneto-transport through graphene nano-ribbons
• Fluorescence of laser created electron-hole plasma in graphene
• Low energy excitations in graphite: The role of dimensionality and lattice defects
• Excitonic effects in the optical conductivity of gated graphene
• Plasmonics of coupled graphene micro-structures
• f-Sum Rule and Unconventional Spectral Weight Transfer in Graphene
• Temperature dependence of the anharmonic decay of optical phonons in carbon nanotubes and graphite
• Kohn anomaly and interplay of electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions in epitaxial graphene
• Roughness of undoped graphene and its short-range induced gauge field
• Charge-Carrier Screening in Single-Layer Graphene
• Electronic structure of heavily-doped graphene: the role of foreign atom states
• Van Hove Singularity and Apparent Anisotropy in the Electron-Phonon Interaction in Graphene
• The infrared conductivity of graphene
• Band structure and gaps of triangular graphene superlattices
• Exchange induced charge inhomogeneities in rippled neutral graphene
• Effects of optical and surface polar phonons on the optical conductivity of doped graphene
• Nonlinear screening and percolative transition in a two-dimensional electron liquid
• Velocity renormalization and anomalous quasiparticle dispersion in extrinsic graphene
• Departure from the conical dispersion in epitaxial graphene
• Phonon switching and combined Fano-Rice effect in optical spectra of bilayer graphene
• Quasi-Freestanding Multilayer Graphene Films on the Carbon Face of SiC
• Effect of linear density of states on the quasi-particle dynamics and small electron-phonon coupling in graphite
• Emergence of Plasmaronic Structure in the Near Field Optical Response of Graphene
• Spectroscopic Signatures of Massless Gap Opening in Graphene
• A simple model of Coulomb disorder and screening in graphene
• Massive enhancement of electron-phonon coupling in doped graphene by an electronic singularity
• Self-consistent analysis of electron-phonon coupling parameters of graphene

Cited by in corpus (15)

• Doping Induced Second Harmonic Generation in Centrosymmetric Graphene from Quadrupole Response
• Ultrafast Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy of Quantum Materials
• Plasmon reflections by topological electronic boundaries in bilayer graphene
• Landau level spectroscopy of electron-electron interactions in graphene
• Theory of plasmonic effects in nonlinear optics: the case of graphene
• Scattering of two-dimensional massless Dirac electrons by a circular potential barrier
• Universal features of the optical properties of ultrathin plasmonic films
• Time-domain quantum interference in graphene
• Many-body effects of Coulomb interaction on Landau levels in graphene
• Valley and Zeeman Splittings in Multilayer Epitaxial Graphene Revealed by Circular Polarization Resolved Magneto-infrared Spectroscopy
• Low-temperature linear transport of two-dimensional massive Dirac fermions in silicene: residual conductivity and spin/valley Hall effects
• Two rate periodic protocol with dynamics driven through many cycles
• Screening and plasma oscillations in an electron gas in the hydrodynamic approximation
• Electronic response of graphene to linelike charge perturbations
• Effect of resonant impurity scattering of carriers on Drude peak broadening in uniaxially strained graphene