Heavy Ion Collisions: The Big Picture, and the Big Questions

Abstract

Heavy ion collisions quickly form a droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) with a remarkably small viscosity. We give an accessible introduction to how to study this smallest and hottest droplet of liquid made on earth and why it is so interesting. The physics of heavy ions ranges from highly energetic quarks and gluons described by perturbative QCD to a bath of strongly interacting gluons at lower energy scales. These gluons quickly thermalize and form QGP, while the energetic partons traverse this plasma and end in a shower of particles called jets. Analyzing the final particles in a variety of different ways allows us to study the properties of QGP and the complex dynamics of multi-scale processes in QCD which govern its formation and evolution, providing what is perhaps the simplest form of complex quantum matter that we know of. Much remains to be understood, and throughout the review big open questions will be encountered.

49 pages, 9 figures. Invited review prepared for Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 68 (2018)

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• Thermalization of Yang-Mills theory in a $(3+1)$ dimensional small lattice system
• Transverse mass scaling of dilepton radiation off a quark-gluon plasma
• Hard probe path lengths and event-shape engineering of the quark-gluon plasma
• Entanglement and confinement in lattice gauge theory tensor networks
• Measurements of the groomed jet radius and momentum splitting fraction with the soft drop and dynamical grooming algorithms in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV
• Electric field induction in quark-gluon plasma due to thermoelectric effects
• Deconfinement and degrees of freedom in $pp$ and $A-A$ collisions at LHC energies
• Search for jet quenching effects in high-multiplicity pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV via di-jet acoplanarity
• Study of charged particle production at high $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ using event topology in pp, p$-$Pb and Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Study of charm hadronization with prompt ${\Lambda }_{\mathrm{c}}^{+}$ baryons in proton-proton and lead-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Measurement of the production of charm jets tagged with ${\mathrm{D}}^0$ mesons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 and 13 TeV
• No-quenching baseline for energy loss signals in oxygen-oxygen collisions
• The strange critical endpoint and isentropic trajectories in an Extended PNJL Model with Eight Quark Interactions
• Measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy of prompt and nonprompt charmonia in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Longitudinal eccentricity decorrelations in heavy ion collisions
• Modeling Strangeness Enhancements to resolve the Muon Excess in Cosmic Ray Extensive Air Shower Data
• Medium-Induced Transverse Momentum Broadening via Forward Dijet Correlations
• Characterisation of plastic scintillator paddles and lightweight MWPCs for the MID subsystem of ALICE 3
• Hanbury Brown--Twiss Interferometry and Collectivity in Small Systems
• Extraction of the specific shear viscosity of quark-gluon plasma from two-particle transverse momentum correlations
• Bose-Einstein condensation of pions in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider using non-extensive Tsallis statistics
• Soft and hard scales of the transverse momentum distribution in the Color String Percolation Model
• Energy-momentum tensor of the dilute (3+1)D Glasma
• Relativistic second-order spin hydrodynamics: A Kubo-type formulation for the quark-gluon plasma
• $\eta /s-\hat{q}/T^3$ Relation at Next-to-Leading Order in QCD
• The impact of glasma on heavy flavor azimuthal correlations and spectra
• New insights into the analytic structure of correlation functions via kinetic theory
• Bottomonium suppression in PbPb collision at energies available at the CERN large hadron collider
• Centrality and pseudorapidity dependence of the transverse energy density in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Nonextensive hydrodynamics of boost-invariant plasmas
• Particles Multiplicity Based on Rapidity in Landau and Artificial Neural Network(ANN) Models
• Temperature and net baryochemical potential dependence of $\eta /s$ in a hybrid approach
• Non-equilibrium scalar field dynamics starting from Fock states: Absence of thermalization in one dimensional phonons coupled to fermions
• On model emulation and closure tests for 3+1D relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Electrical conductivity of hot relativistic plasma in a strong magnetic field
• Entropy per rapidity in Pb-Pb central collisions using Thermal and Artificial neural network(ANN) models at LHC energies
• Hawking-Page transition in holographic QCD at finite density
• Measurement of the angle between jet axes in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV
• Neutral to charged kaon yield fluctuations in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76TeV
• Probing cold nuclear matter with energy correlators
• Inconsistencies in, and short pathlength correction to, $R_{AA}(p_T)$ in $\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{p}+\mathrm{A}$ collisions
• Transport coefficients for multi-component gas of hadrons using Chapman Enskog method
• Far-off-equilibrium expansion trajectories in the QCD phase diagram
• Measurements of azimuthal anisotropy of nonprompt D${}^0$ mesons in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Measurement of inclusive and leading subjet fragmentation in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Collective dynamics of polarized spin-half fermions in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Thermodynamic properties of interacting bosons with zero chemical potential
• Probing universal dynamics with topological data analysis in a gluonic plasma
• Meson content of entanglement spectra after integrable and nonintegrable quantum quenches
• Multi-particle correlations, cumulants, and moments sensitive to fluctuations in rare-probe azimuthal anisotropy in heavy ion collisions
• Energy dependence of underlying-event observables from RHIC to LHC energies
• Coherent and incoherent $J/\Psi$ photoproduction in $PbPb$ collisions at the LHC, HE -- LHC and FCC
• Measurement of inclusive charged-particle jet production in pp and p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Quantum to classical parton dynamics in QCD media
• Generalized susceptibilities and the properties of charm degrees of freedom across the QCD crossover temperature
• Disentangling the development of collective flow in high energy proton proton collisions with a multiphase transport model
• Electrical conductivity of the quark-gluon plasma from the low energy limit of photon and dilepton spectra
• Covariant formulation of gluon self-energy in presence of ellipsoidal anisotropy
• Exploring the string shoving model in PYTHIA8 for collective behaviors in $pp$ collisions
• Special Relativistic Hydrodynamics with CRONOS
• An energy independent scaling of transverse momentum spectra of direct (prompt) photons from two-body processes in high-energy proton-proton collisions
• Phenomenological Relativistic Second-Order Hydrodynamics for Multiflavor Fluids
• Multiplicity dependence of the freezeout parameters in high energy hadron-hadron collisions
• Extraction of ground-state nuclear deformations from ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions: Nuclear structure physics context
• Quarkyonic picture of isospin QCD
• Jet radius dependence of dijet momentum balance and suppression in Pb+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Analytical insights into the interplay of momentum, multiplicity and the speed of sound in heavy-ion collisions
• Deciphering yield modification of hadron-triggered semi-inclusive recoil jets in heavy-ion collisions
• Real-time correlators in 3+1D thermal lattice gauge theory
• The magnetic dual chiral density wave phase in a rotating cold quark matter
• Higher-order correlations between different moments of two flow amplitudes in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Open-system spin transport and operator weight dissipation in spin chains
• Model study on ${\rm Y}(nS)$ modification in small collision systems
• Determining all thermodynamic transport coefficients for an interacting large N quantum field theory
• Response of a baryon-charged medium to energetic partons
• Non-Hermitian Quantum Quenches in Holography
• Thermal freeze-out parameters and pseudo-entropy from charged hadron spectra in high energy collisions
• Transseries for causal diffusive systems
• Particle polarization, spin tensor and the Wigner distribution in relativistic systems
• An analysis of transverse momentum spectra of various jets produced in high energy collisions
• Correlations between azimuthal anisotropy Fourier harmonics in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}=2.76$ TeV in the HYDJET++ and AMPT models
• Correlations of azimuthal anisotropy Fourier harmonics with subevent cumulants in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 8.16 TeV
• Dynamics of Heavy Quarks in Strongly Coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM Plasma
• Holographic QCD phase diagram for a rotating plasma in the Hawking-Page approach
• Bose-Einstein condensation in a rigidly rotating relativistic boson gas
• A Gaussian Process Generative Model for QCD Equation of State
• Collective modes of gluons in an anisotropic thermo-magnetic medium
• Nonlinear waves in a hot, viscous and nonextensive quark gluon plasma
• System of evolution equations for quark and gluon jet quenching with broadening
• Deconfinement and freezeout boundaries in equilibrium thermal models
• Particle production and flow-like effects in small systems
• Vector meson photoproduction in UPCs with FoCal
• A quantum information perspective on meson melting
• Symmetry plane correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV
• Bayesian Model Selection and Uncertainty Propagation for Beam Energy Scan Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Transverse momentum broadening of medium-induced cascades in expanding media
• Model comparison for initial density fluctuations in high energy heavy ion collisions
• Quark matter under strong electric fields in the Linear Sigma Model coupled with quarks
• Models of Mixed Matter
• Glauber predictions for oxygen and neon collisions at energies available at the LHC
• "QM19 summary talk": Outlook and future of heavy-ion collisions
• Thermoelectric effects of an interacting hadron gas in the presence of an external magnetic field
• Probing the Chiral Magnetic Wave with charge-dependent flow measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
• Dynamics of particle production in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV using PYTHIA8 Angantyr model
• Kaonic Hanbury-Brown-Twiss radii at 200 GeV and 5.02 TeV
• Hydrodynamization in hybrid Bjorken flow attractors
• Global angular momentum generation in heavy-ion reactions within a hadronic transport approach
• Neutron star phase transition as the origin for the fast radio bursts and soft gamma-ray repeaters of SGR J1935+2154
• Theory of heavy-quarks contribution to the quark-gluon plasma viscosity
• Heavy-Light Susceptibilities in a Strongly Coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Probing the Gluon Plasma with Charm Balance Functions
• Adiabatic Hydrodynamization and the Emergence of Attractors: a Unified Description of Hydrodynamization in Kinetic Theory
• Flavor and path-length dependence of jet quenching from inclusive jet and γ-jet suppression
• Anisotropic flow and correlations between azimuthal anisotropy Fourier harmonics in Xe-Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.44 TeV under HYDJET++ framework
• Search for quasi-particle scattering in the quark-gluon plasma with jet splittings in pp and Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{{\text{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Observation of top-quark pair production in lead-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Thermoelectric Thomson coefficient of quark-gluon plasma in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field
• Supercooled Goldstone Bosons at the QCD Chiral Phase Transition
• Dynamical spectral structure of density fluctuation near QCD critical point
• Distribution of Nuclear Matter and Radiation in the Fragmentation Region
• Chiral and deconfinement transitions in spin-polarized quark matter
• Observation of suppressed charged-particle production in ultrarelativistic oxygen-oxygen collisions
• Paramagnetic squeezing of a uniformly expanding quark-gluon plasma in and out of equilibrium
• Speed of sound, breaking of conformal limit and instabilities in quark-gluon plasma at finite baryon density
• Dissipative properties of relativistic two-dimensional gases
• Numerical simulations of divergence-type theories for conformal dissipative fluids
• Initial conditions for nuclear collisions: theory overview
• Two-particle angular correlations in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions to hadronic final states in two reference coordinates at Belle
• Comparing matching prescriptions between pre-equilibrium and hydrodynamic models in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Quantum simulation of the phase transition of the massive Thirring model
• Hydrodynamics in the Carrollian regime
• Nonuniform-temperature effects on the phase transition in an Ising-like model
• Information entropy for central ${}^{197}$Au+${}^{197}$Au collisions with the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model
• Transverse momentum spectra and suppression of charged hadrons in deformed Xe-Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.44 TeV using HYDJET++ model
• Scalar boson emission from a magnetized relativistic plasma
• In-medium gluon radiation spectrum with all-order resummation of multiple scatterings in longitudinally evolving media
• Pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in lead-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.36 TeV
• Quantification of the low-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ pion excess in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and top RHIC energy
• Event-by-event cumulants of azimuthal angles
• Bayesian Inference of Hybrid Star Properties from Future High-Precision Measurements of Their Radii
• Statistical analysis of pQCD energy loss across system size, flavor, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$, and $p_T$
• Using the non-hydrodynamic mode to study the onset of hydrodynamic behavior in ultraperipheral symmetric nuclear collisions
• Evidence of medium response to hard probes using correlations of Z bosons with hadrons in heavy ion collisions
• Probing Strong Field $f(R)$ Gravity and Ultra-Dense Matter with the Structure and Thermal Evolution of Neutron Stars
• Effective viscosities in a hydrodynamically expanding boost-invariant QCD plasma
• Mapping properties of the quark gluon plasma in Pb-Pb and Xe-Xe collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Strongly interacting matter in extreme magnetic fields
• Measurement of the groomed jet radius and momentum splitting fraction in pp and Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Spin hydrodynamics -- recent developments
• Correlation between particle spectra and elliptic flow
• Fast prediction of the hydrodynamic QGP evolution in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions using Fourier Neural Operators
• Observing the deformation of nuclei with relativistic nuclear collisions
• Anisotropic critical points from holography
• Effect of global momentum conservation on longitudinal flow decorrelation
• Search for nuclear modifications of B${}^{+}$ meson production in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 8.16 TeV
• Quark-Gluon Plasma and Nucleons a la Laughlin
• Medium-induced modification of groomed and ungroomed jet mass and angularities in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Direct-photon production in inelastic and high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Charged-particle production as a function of the relative transverse activity classifier in pp, p$-$Pb, and Pb$-$Pb collisions at the LHC
• Performance of CMS muon reconstruction from proton-proton to heavy ion collisions
• Multiplicity-dependent production of $\Sigma (1385{)}^{\pm }$ and $\Xi (1530{)}^0$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
• Quantum many-body physics from a gravitational lens
• Observation of the charged-particle multiplicity dependence of ${\sigma }_{\psi (2S)}/{\sigma }_{\text{J}/\psi }$ in pPb collisions at 8.16 TeV
• Perspectives in Small Systems : Heavy Quarks and HBT Radii
• Correspondence between Israel-Stewart and first-order causal and stable hydrodynamics for Bjorken-expanding baryon-rich systems with vanishing particle masses
• Measurement of charged hadron multiplicity in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{{\text{s}}_{\text{NN}}}=200$ GeV with the sPHENIX detector
• Bjorken flow revisited: analytic and numerical solutions in flat space-time coordinates
• Correlation functions of the Bjorken flow in the holographic Schwinger-Keldysh approach
• Quenching through the QCD chiral phase transition
• Impact of scale, nuclear PDF and temperature variations on the interpretation of medium-modified jet production data from the LHC
• Thermal dilepton production within conformal viscous Gubser flow
• Light neutral meson production in heavy ion collisions with ALICE in the era of precision physics at the LHC
• Suppression of quarkonia in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Measurement of medium-induced acoplanarity in central Au-Au and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=200$ GeV using direct-photon+jet and ${\pi }^0$+jet correlations
• Constraint evolution in first-order viscous relativistic fluids
• Study of $⟨p_{\mathrm{T}}⟩$ and its higher moments, and extraction of the speed of sound in Pb-Pb collisions with ALICE
• Thermodynamical string fragmentation and string density effects in jets
• Jet quenching in out-of-equilibrium QCD matter
• A technique to study the elastic and inelastic interaction of quarkonium with hadrons using femtoscopic correlations
• Modification of charged-particle jets in event-shape engineered Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Pre-critical soft photons emission from quark matter
• The size of the quark-gluon plasma in ultracentral collisions: impact of initial density fluctuations on the average transverse momentum
• Design and performance of the prototype gaseous beam monitor with GEM and pixel sensors for the CSR external-target experiment
• Effect of color reconnection and rope formation on strange particle production in p+p collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
• Constraining the hadronic spectrum and repulsive interactions in a hadron resonance gas via fluctuations of conserved charges
• The Magic Barrier before Thermalization
• Flattenicity as "centrality" estimator in p-Pb collisions simulated with PYTHIA 8.312 Angantyr
• Thermoelectric figure of merit and the deconfinement phase transition
• QCD and High Energy Interactions: MORIOND 2019 Theory Summary
• Shear transport in far-from-equilibrium isotropization of supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma
• Bayesian reconstruction of anisotropic flow fluctuations at fixed impact parameter
• Design and development of advanced Al-Ti-V alloys for beampipe applications in particle accelerators
• Condensation and prescaling in spatial Polyakov loop correlations far from equilibrium
• Dynamical deconfinement transition driven by density of excitations
• Azimuthal anisotropies of charged particles with high transverse momentum in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\text{NN}}}}=5.02$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Thermal fluctuations on the freeze-out surface of heavy-ion collisions and their impact on particle correlations
• How far can we see back in time in high-energy collisions using charm hadrons?
• Isovector giant dipole resonance mode with an improved propagation approach in the framework of EQMD model
• Bayesian inference favors quark matter in neutron star interiors
• Measurement of the inclusive isolated-photon production cross section in pp and Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Thermal modifications of mesons and energy-energy correlators from real-time simulations of a $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory
• Hydrodynamic attractor in periodically driven ultracold quantum gases
• Transport-based initial conditions for heavy-ion collisions at finite densities
• First measurement of $b$-jet mass with and without grooming
• Symmetric cumulant $s{c}_{2,4}\left\{4\right\}$ and asymmetric cumulant $a{c}_2\left\{3\right\}$ from transverse momentum conservation and flow
• Estimates of Lee-Yang zeros and a possible critical point on the pion condensate boundary in the QCD isospin phase diagram using an unbiased exponential resummation on the lattice
• Exploring sQGP and Small Systems
• Evidence for a QCD accelerator in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Data-driven method to estimate contamination from light ion beam transmutation at colliders
• Measurement of the transverse energy density in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV with the sPHENIX detector
• Probing Nuclear Geometry through Multi-Particle Azimuthal Correlations and Rapidity-Even Dipolar Flow in ${}^{16}$O+${}^{16}$O Collisions
• Jet momentum reconstruction in the QGP background with machine learning
• Universality of scaled particle spectra in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
• The Fox-Wolfram Moment of Jet Production in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• On transverse momentum broadening in real-time lattice simulations of the glasma and in the weak-field limit
• Bottom quark energy loss and hadronization with B${}^{+}$ and B${}_{\mathrm{s}}^0$ nuclear modification factors using pp and PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Empirical determination of the energy loss of heavy quarks in nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC energies
• Quantifying the Jet Energy Loss in Pb+Pb collisions at LHC
• Transport coefficients of dense nucleon matter at low temperature
• First measurement of symmetric cumulants of hexagonal flow harmonics in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Heavy-ion physics: freedom to do hot, dense, exciting QCD
• Event-shape dependence of symmetry plane correlations using the Gaussian estimator in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC using a multiphase transport model
• Cosmology from Strong Interactions
• D${}^0$-meson-tagged jet axes difference in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{\text{s}}=5.02$ TeV
• Rapidity and multiplicity dependence of charged-particle flow in $p$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=8.16$ TeV
• Study of Heavy Hadron Production in Au + Au Collisions at a Center-of-Mass Energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV
• Investigating jet induced identified hadron productions from the relative transverse activity classifier in pp collision at LHC
• Finite temperature QCD with $N_f=2+1+1$ Wilson twisted mass fermions at physical pion, strange and charm masses
• Soret and Dufour effects in hot and dense QCD matter
• Phenomenological constraints on QCD transport with quantified theory uncertainties
• Generation of gravitating solutions with Baryonic charge from Einstein-Scalar-Maxwell seeds
• Complexity vs. Vorticity
• An improved linear Boltzmann transport model for hadron and jet suppression in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Observation of the jet diffusion wake using dijets in heavy ion collisions
• Radial Oscillations of Viscous Stars
• Extracting the speed of sound of QCD from transverse momentum fluctuations
• Hadron yields in central nucleus-nucleus collisions, the statistical hadronization model and the QCD phase diagram
• Split of the pseudo-critical temperatures of chiral and confine/deconfine transitions by temperature gradient
• Measurement of prompt ${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}^{+}$-meson production and azimuthal anisotropy in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Timescales and necessary conditions for hydrodynamization in one-dimensional Bose gases
• Jet fragmentation via azimuthal angular correlations of heavy flavor decay electrons in pp, p--Pb, and Pb--Pb collisions using PYTHIA8+Angantyr
• Phase transitions at high and low densities for a rotating QCD matter from holography
• Emergence of thermal recoil jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Electromagnetic spectral functions in hot and dense chirally imbalanced quark matter
• Speed of sound of QCD matter at chiral crossover
• Longitudinal Dynamics of Large and Small Systems from a 3D Bayesian Calibration of RHIC Top-energy Collision Data
• London model of dual color superconductor
• Spectra and elliptic flow of light hadrons in an expanding fire-cylinder model for the RHIC Beam Energy Scan
• System-size dependence of charged-particle suppression in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions
• Corrections to the Smoothness and On-Shell Approximations in Femtoscopy and Coalescence
• Exploring system size dependence of jet modification in heavy-ion collisions
• Light and strange hadron production and anisotropic flow measurement in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=3\mathrm{GeV}$ from STAR
• Unifying renormalized and bare viscosity in two-dimensional molecular dynamics simulations
• Observation of Universal Expansion Anisotropy from Cold Atoms to Hot Quark-Gluon Plasma
• How many particles do make a fluid? Qualifying collective behavior in expanding ultracold gases
• Imaging two-body correlations in atomic nuclei via low- and high-energy processes
• Absorption of 1$P$-wave heavy charmonium ${\chi }_{c1}(1P)$ in nuclei
• Conference Summary of QNP2018
• Geometric Bias and Centrality Dependence of Jet Quenching in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions
• Magneto-Thomson and transverse Thomson effects in an interacting hadron gas in the presence of an external magnetic field
• Quantum simulating multi-particle processes in high energy nuclear physics: dijet production and color (de)coherence
• Centrality Dependence of the Balance Functions for Identified Particles in Pb--Pb Collisions Using Pythia + Angantyr
• Review of heat and charge transport in strongly magnetized relativistic plasmas
• High-order fluctuations of temperature in hot QCD matter
• Non-perturbative Enhancement of Heavy Quark-Antiquark Pair Annihilation in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Implications of correlations and fluctuations in small systems
• Relativistic second-order dissipative hydrodynamics from Zubarev's non-equilibrium statistical operator
• Signatures of deconfined quark phases in binary neutron star mergers
• Reconstructing jet anisotropies with cumulants
• Flow harmonic correlations via multi-particle symmetric and asymmetric cumulants in Au+Au collisions at \(\sqrt{s_{NN}}\) = 200 GeV
• Viscous Gubser flow with conserved charges to benchmark fluid simulations
• The $v_3^{1/3}/v_2^{1/2}$ ratio in PbAu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 17.3 GeV: a hint of a hydrodynamic behavior
• Effect of transverse momentum conservation and flow on symmetric cumulants $s{c}_{2,3}\left\{4\right\}$ and $s{c}_{2,3,4}\left\{6\right\}$
• Studying the QGP with Jets at the LHC and RHIC
• Centrality definition in e+A collisions at the Electron-Ion Collider
• Energy loss of heavy-flavor quarks in color string medium
• An improved formula for Wigner function and spin polarization in a decoupling relativistic fluid at local thermodynamic equilibrium
• Deriving a parton shower for jet thermalization in QCD plasmas
• Chemical freeze-out conditions from net-kaon fluctuations at RHIC
• The Polyakov loop dependence of bulk viscosity of QCD matter
• Deep learning for jet modification in the presence of the QGP background
• How cross section fluctuations affect multiplicity and geometry in pA collisions
• Evolution of quasiperiodic structures in non-ideal hydrodynamic description of phase transitions
• A generalized definition of the isothermal compressibility in (2+1)-flavor QCD
• Unraveling the effect of rotation on the confinement/deconfinement transition of the quark-gluon plasma
• Probing Azimuthal Alignment in Heavy-Ion Collisions: Clusterization Effects