From Strangeness Enhancement to Quark-Gluon Plasma Discovery

Abstract

This is a short survey of signatures and characteristics of the quark-gluon plasma in the light of experimental results that have been obtained over the past three decades. In particular, we present an in-depth discussion of the strangeness observable, including a chronology of the experimental effort to detect QGP at CERN-SPS, BNL-RHIC, and CERN-LHC.

arXiv comment30 pages, about 20 figures; Dedicated to our mentor Walter Greiner; to be published in the memorial volume edited by Peter O. Hess

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Cited by in corpus (14)

• Heavy Ion Collisions: The Big Picture, and the Big Questions
• Multiplicity dependence of (multi-)strange hadron production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Discovery of Quark-Gluon-Plasma: Strangeness Diaries
• Wigner functions of massive fermions in strong magnetic fields
• Through the Looking-Glass with ALICE into the Quark-Gluon Plasma: A New Test for Hadronic Interaction Models Used in Air Shower Simulations
• Modeling Strangeness Enhancements to resolve the Muon Excess in Cosmic Ray Extensive Air Shower Data
• Identified charged-hadron production in $p$$+$Al, ${}^3$He$+$Au, and Cu$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}=200$ GeV and in U$+$U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}=193$ GeV
• Centrality in hadron collisions
• Strangeness Enhancement due to String Fluctuations
• Extracting strange quark freeze-out information in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.76 TeV from $\varphi$ and $\Omega$ production
• Fragmentation Functions for ${\Xi }^{-}/{\bar{\Xi }}^{+}$ Using Neural Networks
• Multiplicity dependence of ${\chi }_c$ and ${\chi }_b$ meson production
• Strangeness production in high-multiplicity events
• Comment on "Evaluation of kinetic freeze-out properties in different relativistic heavy-ion collision systems at \sqrtsNN = 200 GeV'' (Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2025) 140:179) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06119-0