Observation of Majorana Fermions in a Nb-InSb Nanowire-Nb Hybrid Quantum Device

Abstract

We report on the observation of excitation of Majorana fermions in a Nb-InSb nanowire quantum dot-Nb hybrid system. The InSb nanowire quantum dot is formed between the two Nb contacts by weak Schottky barriers and is thus in the regime of strong couplings to the contacts. Due to the proximity effect, the InSb nanowire segments covered by superconductor Nb contacts turn to superconductors with a superconducting energy gap ${\Delta }^{\ast }$. Under an applied magnetic field larger than a critical value for which the Zeeman energy in the InSb nanowire is $E_z\sim {\Delta }^{\ast }$, the entire InSb nanowire is found to be in a nontrivial topological superconductor phase, supporting a pair of Majorana fermions, and Cooper pairs can transport between the superconductor Nb contacts via the Majorana fermion states. This transport process will be suppressed when the applied magnetic field becomes larger than a second critical value at which the transition to a trivial topological superconductor phase occurs in the system. This physical scenario has been observed in our experiment. We have found that the measured zero-bias conductance for our hybrid device shows a conductance plateau in a range of the applied magnetic field in quasi-particle Coulomb blockade regions.

7 pages, 4 figures, supplementary materials of 3 pages and 1 figure

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• Quantum oscillations in a hexagonal boron nitride-supported single crystalline InSb nanosheet
• Majorana transport in superconducting nanowire with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings
• Bath-induced decoherence in finite-size Majorana wires at non-zero temperature
• Two-dimensional Paired Topological Superfluids of Rydberg Fermi Gases
• Critical region of topological trivial and nontrivial phases in interacting Kitaev chain with spatially varying potentials
• Dynamics of a Majorana trijunction in a microwave cavity
• Interaction effects in superconductor/quantum spin Hall devices: universal transport signatures and fractional Coulomb blockade
• Superconductor/normal-metal/superconductor junction of topological superconductors revisited: Fractional Josephson current, fermion parity, and oscillating wavefunctions
• Scalable and Tunable In-Plane Ge/Si(001) Nanowires Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy
• Fabrication and characterization of InSb nanosheet/hBN/graphite heterostructure devices
• Distinguishing Majorana bound states from Andreev bound states through differential conductance and current noise spectrum
• Photoemission Spectroscopic Evidence of Multiple Dirac Cones in Superconducting BaSn${}_3$
• Superconducting triangular islands as a platform for manipulating Majorana zero modes
• Coherent charge and spin oscillations induced by local quenches in nanowires with spin-orbit coupling
• Geometric Manipulation of a Decoherence-Free Subspace in Atomic Ensembles
• Experimental realization of Majorana hinge and corner modes in intrinsic organic topological superconductor without magnetic field at room temperature
• Polynomial description of inhomogeneous topological superconducting wires
• Mirror-protected Majorana zero modes in $f$-wave multilayer graphene superconductors
• Dynamical Phase Error in Interacting Topological Quantum Memories
• The differential conductance tunnel spectroscopy in an analytical solvable two-terminal Majorana device
• A Study of Topological Quantum Phase Transition and Majorana Localization Length for the Interacting Helical Liquid System
• Fingerprints of Majorana bound states in quantum-rings
• Majorana Fermions Under Uniaxial Stress in Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructures
• Electrically tunable spin-orbit interaction in an InAs nanosheet
• Electron transport in quantum channels with spin-orbit interaction: Effects of the sign of the Rashba coupling and applications to nanowires
• Superconducting quantum dot and the sub-gap states
• Theoretical proposal to obtain strong Majorana evidence from scanning tunneling spectroscopy of a vortex with a dissipative environment
• Noise-Tolerance of Majorana Teleportation in Mesoscopic Topological Superconductors
• Spin-resolved nonlocal transport in proximitized Rashba nanowires
• Superconducting proximity effect in quantum wires without time-reversal symmetry
• From Majorana fermions to topological quantum computation in semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures
• Super-Poissonian noise from quasiparticle poisoning in electron transport through a pair of Majorana bound states
• Gate-tunable negative differential conductance in hybrid semiconductor-superconductor devices
• Effects of Majorana bound states on dissipation and charging in a quantum resistor-capacitor circuit
• Double-dot interferometer for quantum measurement of Majorana qubits and stabilizers
• Phase diagrams of superconducting topological surface states
• Universal quantum control over Majorana zero modes
• Non-Abelian operation through scattering between chiral Dirac edge modes
• Electron-electron interactions in partially mixed helical states
• Properties of dissipative Floquet Majorana modes using a quantum dot
• Dynamics of quantum resources in regular and Majorana fermion systems
• Transport-based fusion that distinguishes between Majorana and Andreev bound states
• Shuttling Majorana zero modes in disordered and noisy topological superconductors
• Effect of Disorder on the Conductance of (non-) Topological SN Junctions
• Spin-helical detection in a semiconductor quantum device with ferromagnetic contacts
• Majorana modes in helical altermagnet without net magnetism and spin-orbit coupling
• Confinement versus interface bound states in spin-orbit coupled nanowires
• Quantum transport in an ambipolar InSb nanowire quantum dot device
• Dissipationless topological quantum computation for Majorana objects in sparse-dense mixed encoding process
• Deterministic topological quantum gates for Majorana qubits without ancillary modes
• Quantifying the non-Abelian property of Andreev bound states in inhomogeneous Majorana nanowires
• Majorana polarization in disordered heterostructures
• Anyon Chains with Pairing Terms
• Multi-locational Majorana Zero Modes
• Band twisting and resilience to disorder in long-range topological superconductors
• Majorana zero modes in semiconductor-superconductor hybrid structures: Defining topology in short and disordered nanowires through Majorana splitting
• Robust Majorana bound state in pseudo-spin domain wall of 2-D topological insulator
• Confinement-induced Majorana modes in a nodal topological superconductor
• Detecting fractional Josephson effect through $4\pi$ phase slip
• Mitigating disorder and optimizing topological indicators with vision-transformer-based neural networks in Majorana nanowires
• Planar Josephson junction devices with narrow superconducting strips: Topological properties and optimization
• Properties and prevalence of false poor man's Majoranas in two- and three-site artificial Kitaev chains
• Dynamics of Majorana zero modes across hybrid Kitaev chain
• Magnetic Susceptibility of Dirac Fermions, Bi-Sb Alloys, Interacting Bloch Fermions, Dilute Nonmagnetic Alloys, and Kondo Alloys
• Coalescence of Andreev bound states on the surface of a chiral topological semimetal
• A hierarchy in Majorana non-abelian tests and hidden variable models
• Optical absorption of semiconductor 2D Majorana nanowires
• Ubiquitous missing first Shapiro step in Al-InSb nanosheet Josephson junctions
• Absence of Quasi-Majorana False Positives in Full-Shell Hybrid Nanowires
• Identification of the Majorana edge modes in tight-binding systems based on the Krylov method
• Limits of Thermal Conductance Quantization in Chiral Topological Josephson Junctions
• Spin splitting, Kondo correlation and singlet-doublet quantum phase transition in a superconductor-coupled InSb nanosheet quantum dot
• Topological superconducting phase in a non-Hermitian Kitaev chain with staggered pairing imbalance
• Shot noise signatures identifying non-Abelian properties of Jackiw-Rebbi zero modes
• Persistent ferromagnetism and topological phase transition at the interface of a superconductor and a topological insulator
• Majorana modes in graphene strips: polarization, wavefunctions, disorder, and Andreev states
• Current cross-correlation spectroscopy of Majorana bound states
• Giant and robust Josephson diode effect in multiband topological nanowires
• Creating and detecting poor man's Majorana bound states in interacting quantum dots
• Ballistic transport in 1D Rashba systems in the context of Majorana nanowires
• Distinguishing Majorana bound states from accidental zero-energy modes with a microwave cavity
• Zero and Nonzero Energy Majorana Modes in an Extended Kitaev Chain
• Spin-orbit Energies in Etch-Confined Superconductor-Semiconductor Nanowires
• Gap reopening as a possible signature of coupling between Majorana zero modes in Sn-(Bi,Sb)2(Te,S)3-based Josephson trijunctions
• Topological Fulde-Ferrell and Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in spin-orbit coupled lattice system
• Cross-correlation mediated by Majorana island with finite charging energy
• Josephson and persistent currents in a quantum ring between topological superconductors
• Gap Anisotropy in Layered Superconductors Due to Rashba and Dresselhaus Spin-Orbit Interactions
• Gate-controlled Supercurrent in Ballistic InSb Nanoflag Josephson Junctions
• Possible topological phases in quantum anomalous Hall insulator/unconventional superconductor hybrid systems
• Majorana bound states with chiral magnetic textures
• Interfacing a topological qubit with a spin qubit in a hybrid quantum system
• Spectroscopic Visualization of Hard Quasi-1D Superconductivity Induced in Nanowires Deposited on a Quasi-2D Indium film
• Explicit forms of zero modes in symmetric interacting Kitaev chain without and with dimerization
• Majorana edge and end states in planar Josephson junctions
• Proximity-induced superconductivity generated by thin films: Effects of Fermi surface mismatch and disorder in the superconductor
• Majorana bound states in the presence of the half-smeared potential
• Geometric Phases in Majorana Zero-Energy State
• Monte Carlo studies of modified scalable designs for quantum computation
• Scheme for braiding Majorana zero modes in vortices using an STT-matrix
• Signatures of Topological Transitions in the Spin Susceptibility of Josephson Junctions
• Realizing Majorana Kramers pairs in two-channel InAs-Al nanowires with highly misaligned electric fields
• Green Function Invariants for Floquet Topological Superconductivity Induced by Proximity Effects
• Majorana-like oscillation for edge states in one-dimensional topological chain with dissipative couplings