Majorana polarization in disordered heterostructures

Abstract

Recent studies propose Majorana polarization (MP) as a tool for identifying topological Majorana bound states (MBS). We analyze MP in two systems: a one-dimensional (1d) semiconducting nanowire and a quasi-1d system, both with Rashba spin-orbit coupling, proximity-induced superconductivity, and disorder. While MP reflects topological features, it does not always distinguish true MBS from partially separated Andreev bound states (psABS) or quasi-Majorana modes. True MBS are expected to satisfy ${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathrm{left}}^{\ast }\cdot {\mathcal{P}}_{\mathrm{right}}\sim -1$, but two additional criteria - a topological bandgap and edge-localized wavefunctions - are also necessary for their identification and use in topological quantum computation (TQC). We highlight cases where the polarization product condition holds without meeting these extra requirements. Our conclusions remain robust irrespective of the chosen definition of Majorana polarization, whether based on chiral or the particle-hole framework. Robust MBS identification for TQC demands combining MP with energy spectra and wavefunction localization, especially in disordered systems.

Section on graphene replaced with quasi-1d system

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Cited by in corpus (1)

• Majorana modes in graphene strips: polarization, wavefunctions, disorder, and Andreev states