Current-phase relations of InAs nanowire Josephson junctions: from interacting to multi-mode regimes

Abstract

Gate-tunable semiconductor-superconductor nanowires with superconducting leads form exotic Josephson junctions that are a highly desirable platform for two types of qubits: those with topological superconductivity (Majorana qubits) and those based on tunable anharmonicity (gatemon qubits). Controlling their behavior, however, requires understanding their electrostatic environment and electronic structure. Here we study gated InAs nanowires with epitaxial aluminum shells. By measuring current-phase relations (CPR) and comparing them with analytical and numerical calculations, we show that we can tune the number of modes, determine the transparency of each mode, and tune into regimes in which electron-electron interactions are apparent, indicating the presence of a quantum dot. To take into account electrostatic and geometrical effects, we perform microscopic self-consistent Schrodinger-Poisson numerical simulations, revealing the energy spectrum of Andreev states in the junction as well as their spatial distribution. Our work systematically demonstrates the effect of device geometry, gate voltage and phase bias on mode behavior, providing new insights into ongoing experimental efforts and predictive device design.

arXiv commentMain: 16 pages, 4 figures. Supplement: 8 pages, 4 figures

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Cited by in corpus (26)

• From Andreev to Majorana bound states in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowires
• InAs-Al Hybrid Devices Passing the Topological Gap Protocol
• The Josephson diode effect in supercurrent interferometers
• Cubic spin-orbit coupling and anomalous Josephson effect in planar junctions
• Singlet-doublet transitions of a quantum dot Josephson junction detected in a transmon circuit
• Suppressed Charge Dispersion via Resonant Tunneling in a Single-Channel Transmon
• Observation of vanishing charge dispersion of a nearly-open superconducting island
• A gate-tunable, field-compatible fluxonium
• Spectroscopy of spin-split Andreev levels in a quantum dot with superconducting leads
• Nonlinear dynamics in a synthetic momentum state lattice
• Josephson inductance as a probe for highly ballistic semiconductor-superconductor weak links
• Odd-frequency superconducting pairing in Kitaev-based junctions
• Mitigation of quasiparticle loss in superconducting qubits by phonon scattering
• Half-Integer Shapiro Steps in a Short Ballistic InAs Nanowire Josephson Junction
• Topological Josephson Heat Engine
• Limitations of the current-phase relation measurements by an asymmetric dc-SQUID
• Experimental review on Majorana zero-modes in hybrid nanowires
• The hybrid Josephson rhombus: A superconducting element with tailored current-phase relation
• Voltage-controlled synthesis of higher harmonics in hybrid Josephson junction circuits
• Impurity Knight shift in quantum dot Josephson junctions
• Quantum simulation of the tricritical Ising model in tunable Josephson junction ladders
• SQUID oscillations in PbTe nanowire networks
• Josephson quantum spin thermodynamics
• Fate of the superconducting state in floating islands of hybrid nanowire devices
• Disorder Suppression in Topological Semiconductor-Superconductor Junctions
• Strongly anharmonic flux-tunable transmon based on InAs-Al 2D heterostructure