Numerical study of PbTe-Pb hybrid nanowires for engineering Majorana zero modes

Abstract

Epitaxial semiconductor-superconductor (SM-SC) hybrid nanowires are potential candidates for implementing Majorana qubits. Recent experimental and theoretical works show that charged impurities in SM remain a major problem in all existing hybrid nanowires, in which the SM is either InAs or InSb while the SC is mainly Al. Here, we theoretically validate the recently proposed PbTe-Pb hybrid nanowire as a potential candidate for Majorana devices. By studying the electrostatic and electronic properties of PbTe nanowires, we demonstrate that the huge dielectric constant of PbTe endows itself a high tolerance of charged impurity, which is a potential advantage over InAs and InSb nanowires. Moreover, we find that the effective axial Landé $g$ factor and Rashba spin-orbit coupling strength of PbTe nanowires are comparable to those of InAs nanowires. The conceivable merits of using Pb as the SC are (i) Pb has a larger superconducting gap, higher critical temperature, and higher parallel critical magnetic field than those of Al; (ii) a superconducting gap comparable with those of InAs-Al and InSb-Al can be induced in PbTe-Pb even by a weak coupling between Pb and PbTe, which simultaneously relieves the adverse renormalization and induced disorder effects on SM from SC; and (iii) Pb film can be grown on PbTe with a thin buffer CdTe layer in between, solving the lattice mismatch problem as an important source of disorder. In the presence of a parallel magnetic field, we show that the typical BdG energy spectrum and tunneling spectroscopy of PbTe-Pb resemble those of InAs and InSb based hybrid nanowires exposed to a tilting magnetic field, as a result of the highly anisotropic Landé $g$ factors of PbTe nanowires. The calculated topological phase diagrams of PbTe-Pb indicate that the multivalley character of PbTe makes it easier than InAs and InSb to access topological superconducting phases.

21 pages, 12 figures, and 4 tables

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Cited by in corpus (25)

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• Selective area epitaxy of PbTe-Pb hybrid nanowires on a lattice-matched substrate
• Large even-odd spacing and $g$-factor anisotropy in PbTe quantum dots
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• Conductance Quantization in PbTe Nanowires
• Observation of Aharonov-Bohm effect in PbTe nanowire networks
• Ballistic PbTe Nanowire Devices
• Proximity effect in PbTe-Pb hybrid nanowire Josephson junctions
• Selective-Area-Grown PbTe-Pb Planar Josephson Junctions for Quantum Devices
• Hard superconducting gap in PbTe nanowires
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• Differential current noise as an identifier of Andreev bound states that induce nearly quantized conductance plateaus
• Gate-tunable subband degeneracy in semiconductor nanowires
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• Dressed Majorana fermion in a hybrid nanowire
• Quantized Andreev conductance in semiconductor nanowires
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• Enhanced superconductivity in PbTe-In hybrids
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