Probability distribution of Majorana end-state energies in disordered wires

Abstract

One-dimensional topological superconductors harbor Majorana bound states at their ends. For superconducting wires of finite length L, these Majorana states combine into fermionic excitations with an energy ${\epsilon }_0$ that is exponentially small in L. Weak disorder leaves the energy splitting exponentially small, but affects its typical value and causes large sample-to-sample fluctuations. We show that the probability distribution of ${\epsilon }_0$ is log normal in the limit of large L, whereas the distribution of the lowest-lying bulk energy level ${\epsilon }_1$ has an algebraic tail at small ${\epsilon }_1$. Our findings have implications for the speed at which a topological quantum computer can be operated.

4 pages, 2 figures

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