Multichannel Generalization of Kitaev's Majorana End States and a Practical Route to Realize Them in Thin Films

Abstract

The ends of one-dimensional p+ip superconductors have long been predicted to possess localized Majorana fermion modes. We show that Majorana end states survive beyond the strict 1D single-channel limit so long as the sample width does not exceed the superconducting coherence length, and exist when an odd number of transverse quantization channels are occupied. Consequently we find that the system undergoes a sequence of topological phase transitions driven by changing the chemical potential. These observations make it feasible to implement quasi-1D p+ip superconductors in metallic thin-film microstructures, which offer 3-4 orders of magnitude larger energy scales than semiconductor-based schemes. Some promising candidate materials are described.

arXiv comment5 pages, 5 figures, final published version, appendix on samples with random edge geometries added

References in corpus (9)

• Non-Abelian Anyons and Topological Quantum Computation
• Superconducting proximity effect and Majorana fermions at the surface of a topological insulator
• Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries, and the fractional quantum Hall effect
• A generic new platform for topological quantum computation using semiconductor heterostructures
• Non-abelian statistics of half-quantum vortices in p-wave superconductors
• Majorana fermions in a tunable semiconductor device
• Majorana Fermion Induced Resonant Andreev Reflection
• Majorana bound states without vortices in topological superconductors with electrostatic defects
• Topological Order and Non-Abelian Statistics in Noncentrosymmetric s-Wave Superconductors

Cited by in corpus (243)

• Topological insulators and superconductors
• Signatures of Majorana fermions in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowire devices
• New directions in the pursuit of Majorana fermions in solid state systems
• Evidence of Majorana fermions in an Al - InAs nanowire topological superconductor
• Search for Majorana fermions in superconductors
• Observation of the fractional ac Josephson effect: the signature of Majorana particles
• Majorana Zero Modes and Topological Quantum Computation
• Introduction to topological superconductivity and Majorana fermions
• Majorana Fermions in Equilibrium and Driven Cold Atom Quantum Wires
• Evidence for Majorana bound state in an iron-based superconductor
• Zero-bias peaks in spin-orbit coupled superconducting wires with and without Majorana end-states
• Majorana Fermions in Semiconductor Nanowires: Fundamentals, Modeling, and Experiment
• From Andreev to Majorana bound states in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowires
• Majorana fermions emerging from magnetic nanoparticles on a superconductor without spin-orbit coupling
• Majorana Fermions in Semiconductor Nanowires
• Near-zero-energy end states in topologically trivial spin-orbit coupled superconducting nanowires with a smooth confinement
• Quantized conductance at the Majorana phase transition in a disordered superconducting wire
• Interaction Effects in Topological Superconducting Wires Supporting Majorana Fermions
• Search for Majorana fermions in multiband semiconducting nanowires
• Majorana bound states from exceptional points in non-topological superconductors
• Majorana edge states in interacting one-dimensional systems
• Non-Abelian operations on Majorana fermions via single charge control
• Spin and Majorana polarization in topological superconducting wires
• Realization of 2D Spin-orbit Interaction and Exotic Topological Orders in Cold Atoms
• Majorana Fermions in superconducting 1D systems having periodic, quasiperiodic, and disordered potentials
• Parity qubits and poor man's Majorana bound states in double quantum dots
• Majorana Fermions in superconducting wires: effects of long-range hopping, broken time-reversal symmetry and potential landscapes
• Engineering a p+ip Superconductor: Comparison of Topological Insulator and Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupled Materials
• Majorana fermions in superconducting nanowires without spin-orbit coupling
• Majorana Zero Modes in 1D Quantum Wires Without Long-Ranged Superconducting Order
• Probability distribution of Majorana end-state energies in disordered wires
• Ising Superconductivity and Majorana Fermions in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
• Topological superconducting phases in disordered quantum wires with strong spin-orbit coupling
• Adiabatic manipulations of Majorana fermions in a three-dimensional network of quantum wires
• Efficient numerical computation of the Pfaffian for dense and banded skew-symmetric matrices
• Topological superconductor to Anderson localization transition in one-dimensional incommensurate lattices
• Braiding without Braiding: Teleportation-Based Quantum Information Processing with Majorana Zero Modes
• A novel platform for two-dimensional chiral topological superconductivity
• Universal transport signatures of Majorana fermions in superconductor-Luttinger liquid junctions
• Majorana Kramers Doublets in $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave Superconductors with Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Dynamical detection of Majorana fermions in current-biased nanowires
• Majorana Fermions in Strongly Interacting Helical Liquids
• Interplay of disorder and interaction in Majorana quantum wires
• Andreev reflection from non-centrosymmetric superconductors and Majorana bound state generation in half-metallic ferromagnets
• Majorana Fermions and Odd-frequency Cooper Pairs in a Nano Wire
• Majorana End-States in Multi-band Microstructures with Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Observation of the 4$\pi$-periodic Josephson effect in indium arsenide nanowires
• Topological Superfluids with Finite Momentum Pairing and Majorana Fermions
• Enhanced zero-bias Majorana peak in disordered multi-subband quantum wires
• Adaptive tuning of Majorana fermions in a quantum dot chain
• Topological phases, Majorana modes and quench dynamics in a spin ladder system
• Majorana modes in time-reversal invariant s-wave topological superconductors
• Majorana nanowires for topological quantum computation
• Majorana Fermion Surface Code for Universal Quantum Computation
• Effects of electron scattering on the topological properties of nanowires: Majorana fermions from disorder and superlattices
• Majorana bound states in two-channel time-reversal-symmetric nanowire systems
• Metallization of Rashba wire by superconducting layer in the strong-proximity regime
• Conductance of a proximitized nanowire in the Coulomb blockade regime
• Ordered and tunable Majorana-zero-mode lattice in naturally strained LiFeAs
• On controlling the bound states in quantum-dot hybrid-nanowire
• Detection of a Majorana-fermion zero mode by a T-shaped quantum-dot structure
• Topological Superconductivity and Majorana Fermions in Metallic Surface-States
• Non-Abelian Majorana Doublets in Time-Reversal Invariant Topological Superconductor
• Majorana zero modes on a necklace
• Manipulating Majorana fermions using supercurrents
• Shiba impurity bound states as a probe of topological superconductivity and Fermion parity changing quantum phase transitions
• Orbital effect of magnetic field on the Majorana phase diagram
• Spin-orbit induced chirality of Andreev states in Josephson junctions
• Robustness of Majorana Fermion induced Fractional Josephson Effect
• Wireless Majorana Bound States: From Magnetic Tunability to Braiding
• Superconducting proximity effect in three-dimensional topological insulators in the presence of a magnetic field
• Thermoelectric signatures of a Majorana bound state coupled to a quantum dot
• Unpaired Floquet Majorana fermions without magnetic fields
• Visualising Majorana bound states in 1D and 2D using the generalized Majorana polarization
• Majorana edge modes in the Kitaev model
• Majorana fermions in ferromagnetic chains on the surface of bulk spin-orbit coupled $s$-wave superconductors
• A study on correlation effects in two dimensional topological insulators
• Distinguishing Majorana bound states from localized Andreev bound states by interferometry
• Majorana Fermions on Zigzag Edge of Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
• Shot noise in a Majorana fermion chain
• Majorana fermions in density modulated p-wave superconducting wires
• Proposal for Coherent Coupling of Majorana Zero Modes and Superconducting Qubits Using the 4 pi-Josephson Effect
• Majorana Fermions and Multiple Topological Phase Transition in Kitaev Ladder Topological Superconductors
• Quantum anomalous vortex and Majorana zero mode in iron-based superconductor Fe(Te,Se)
• To close or not to close: the fate of the superconducting gap across the topological quantum phase transition in Majorana-carrying semiconductor nanowires
• Topological minigap in quasi-one-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled semiconductor Majorana wires
• Magnetotransport and induced superconductivity in Bi based three-dimensional topological insulators
• Dimensional crossover in spin-orbit-coupled semiconductor nanowires with induced superconducting pairing
• Fate of Majorana zero modes, critical states and non-conventional real-complex transition in non-Hermitian quasiperiodic lattices
• Metal-Quantum Dot-Topological Superconductor Junction: Kondo correlations and Majorana Bound States
• Majorana bound states in open quasi-1D and 2D systems with transverse Rashba coupling
• Signatures of topological phase transitions in mesoscopic superconducting rings
• Inhomogeneous Topological Superfluidity in One-Dimensional Spin-Orbit-Coupled Fermi Gases
• Localized end states in density modulated quantum wires and rings
• Magnetic and Superconducting Ordering at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Interfaces
• Squeezing light with Majorana fermions
• Hole-doped semiconductor nanowire on top of an s-wave superconductor: A new and experimentally accessible system for Majorana fermions
• Benefits of weak disorder in one dimensional topological superconductors
• Low-energy sub-gap states in multi-channel Majorana wires
• Anderson localization and topological phase transitions in non-Hermitian Aubry-André-Harper models with p-wave pairing
• Tuning Topological Superconductivity in Phase-Controlled Josephson Junctions with Rashba and Dresselhaus Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Tunable Magnetic Textures: From Majorana Bound States to Braiding
• Random-matrix theory of Andreev reflection from a topological superconductor
• Classification of engineered topological superconductors
• Symmetry Protected Topological Superfluid ${}^3$He-B
• Crossover from Majorana edge to end states in quasi-one-dimensional p-wave superconductors
• Parafermionic phases with symmetry-breaking and topological order
• Momentum relaxation in a semiconductor proximity-coupled to a disordered s-wave superconductor: effect of scattering on topological superconductivity
• Numerical study of PbTe-Pb hybrid nanowires for engineering Majorana zero modes
• Topological phases of quasi-one-dimensional fermionic atoms with a synthetic gauge field
• Manipulating Majorana Fermions in Quantum Nanowires with Broken Inversion Symmetry
• Reentrant topological phase transitions in a disordered spinless superconducting wire
• Reentrant topological transitions in a quantum wire/superconductor system with quasiperiodic lattice modulation
• Disorder effects on Majorana zero modes: Kitaev chain versus semiconductor nanowire
• Anomalous Proximity Effect and Theoretical Design for its Realization
• The Quantum Anomalous Hall Majorana Platform
• Fingerprints of Majorana bound states in Aharonov Bohm geometry
• Topological Quantum Computing Using Nanowire Devices
• Majorana Zero Modes Protected by Hopf Invariant in Topologically Trivial Superconductors
• Topological superconductivity and Majorana fermions in hybrid structures involving cuprate high-T_c superconductors
• Tunable Majorana corner modes in noncentrosymmetric superconductors: Tunneling spectroscopy and edge imperfections
• On the bulk boundary correspondence and the existence of Majorana bound states on the edges of 2D topological superconductors
• Multiband s-wave topological superconductors: role of dimensionality and magnetic field response
• Transport signatures of superconducting hybrids with mixed singlet and chiral triplet states
• Aspects of topological superconductivity in 2D systems: noncollinear magnetism, skyrmions, and higher-order topology
• Soliton-induced Majorana fermions in a one-dimensional atomic topological superfluid
• Effects of tilting the magnetic field in 1D Majorana nanowires
• Transport properties of topological superconductor-Luttinger liquid junctions: a real-time Keldysh approach
• Endstates in multichannel spinless p-wave superconducting wires
• Evolution of topological superconductivity by orbital selective confinement in oxide nanowires
• Probing Robust Majorana Signatures by Crossed Andreev Reflection with a Quantum Dot
• Microscopic theory for a ferromagnetic-nanowire/superconductor heterostructure: Transport, fluctuations and topological superconductivity
• Nonperturbative phase diagram of interacting disordered Majorana nanowires
• Dimensional Tuning of Majorana Fermions and the Real Space Counting of the Chern Number
• Shiba chains of scalar impurities on unconventional superconductors
• Quantum Engineering of Majorana Fermions
• Chiral zero modes in superconducting nanowires with Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling
• Erratum: Engineering a p+ip Superconductor: Comparison of Topological Insulator and Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupled Materials [Phys. Rev. B 83, 184520 (2011)]
• Majorana Fermions in Periodically Driven Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructure
• Tunable vortex Majorana modes controlled by strain in homogeneous LiFeAs
• Magnetoelectric effects in superconducting nanowires with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
• Emergent vortex Majorana zero mode in iron-based superconductors
• FFLO or Majorana superfluids: The fate of fermionic cold atoms in spin-orbit coupled optical lattices
• Topological superconductivity in lead nanowires
• Mitigating disorder-induced zero-energy states in weakly-coupled semiconductor-superconductor hybrid systems
• Unveiling Signatures of Topological Phases in Open Kitaev Chains and Ladders
• Phase Diagram and Entanglement of two interacting topological Kitaev chains
• Subgap states in two dimensional spectroscopy of unconventional superconductors using graphene
• Topological superconductivity in EuS/Au/superconductor heterostructures
• Gate defined wires in HgTe quantum wells: from Majorana fermions to spintronics
• Characterization of Shapiro steps in the presence of a 4π-periodic Josephson current
• Emerging topological bound states in Haldane model zigzag nanoribbons
• Topological Superfluid and Majorana Zero Modes in Synthetic Dimension
• Majorana modes and complex band structure of quantum wires
• Testing the formation of Majorana states using the Majorana Polarization
• Fate of topological states and mobility edges in one-dimensional slowly varying incommensurate potentials
• Odd-frequency Cooper pair amplitude around a vortex core in a chiral p-wave superconductor in the quantum limit
• Formation of Majorana fermions in finite-size graphene strips
• Majorana states and magnetic orbital motion in planar hybrid nanowires
• Probing Majorana edge states with a flux qubit
• Dimerization-induced topological superconductivity in a Rashba nanowire
• Long Range Coulomb Interaction and the Majorana Fermions
• Finite-size Topology
• Probing Majorana Flat Bands in Nodal $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave Superconductors with Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Superconducting proximity effect in semiconductor nanowires
• Topological phase transitions in the 1D multichannel Dirac equation with random mass and a random matrix model
• Majorana fermions in finite-size strips with in-plane magnetic fields
• Reentrant topological transitions with Majorana end states in 1D superconductors by lattice modulation
• Andreev Bound states in One Dimensional Topological Superconductor
• Optimizing Topological Switching in Confined 2D-Xene Nanoribbons via Finite-Size Effects
• Effects of geometric frustration in Kitaev chains
• Majorana Doublets, Flat Bands, and Dirac Nodes in s-Wave Superfluids
• Characterizations of topological superconductors: Chern numbers, edge states and Majorana zero modes
• Spontaneous breaking of time-reversal symmetry in topological superconductors
• Josephson-Current Signatures of Unpaired Floquet Majorana Bound States
• Effective p-wave interaction and topological superfluids in s-wave quantum gases
• Identify the topological superconducting order in a multi-band quantum wire
• Anomalous Nonlocal Conductance as a Fingerprint of Chiral Majorana Edge States
• Dulmage-Mendelsohn percolation: Geometry of maximally-packed dimer models and topologically-protected zero modes on site-diluted bipartite lattices
• Type-I and type-II topological nodal superconductors with $s$-wave interaction
• Induced superconductivity and engineered Josephson tunneling devices in epitaxial (111)-oriented gold/vanadium heterostructures
• Conductance oscillations at the interface between a superconductor and the helical edge channel in a narrow HgTe quantum well
• Delocalisation of Majorana quasiparticles in plaquette--nanowire hybrid system
• Optimizing one dimensional superconducting diodes: Interplay of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and magnetic fields
• Majorana end states in an interacting quantum wire
• Spin-orbital polarization of Majorana edge states in oxides nanowires
• Quantum engineering of Majorana quasiparticles in one-dimensional optical lattices
• Effect of disorder on Majorana localization in topological superconductors: a quasiclassical approach
• Topological Superconductivity in Monolayer T${}_{\text{d}}$-MoTe${}_2$
• Low-temperature environments for quantum computation and quantum simulation
• Current distributions in stripe Majorana junctions
• Effect of local Coulomb interaction on Majorana corner modes: weak and strong correlation limits
• Spin-triplet $f$-wave symmetry in superconducting monolayer $Mo{S}_2$
• Transport across a system with three p-wave superconducting wires: effects of Majorana modes and interactions
• Resilience of topological superconductivity under particle current
• Majorana modes in smooth normal-superconductor nanowire junctions
• Superconductivity in quantum wires: A symmetry analysis
• A topological flux trap: Majorana bound states at screw dislocations
• Renormalization group analysis of Dirac fermions with random mass
• Engineering topological superconductors using surface atomic-layer/molecule hybrid materials
• Majorana modes in striped two-dimensional inhomogeneous topological superconductors
• Study on the tunneling spectroscopy of $N-pS$ junction and $N-hS$ junction
• Critical Current Anomaly at the Topological Quantum Phase Transition in a Majorana Josephson Junction
• Triplet $p$-wave pairing correlation in low doped zigzag graphene nanoribbons
• Majorana modes in multiband superconducting quantum wires
• Andreev reflection at the edge of a two-dimensional electron system with strong spin-orbit coupling
• Topological edge states in spin 1 bilinear-biquadratic model
• Robustness of vortex-bound Majorana zero modes against correlated disorder
• Prediction of topological superconductivity in 1$T$-TiTe${}_2$ under pressure
• Enhancing the Thermal Stability of Majorana Fermions with Redundancy Using Dipoles in Optical Lattices
• Quantized Thermal Hall Conductance and the Topological Phase Diagram of a Superconducting Bismuth Bilayer
• Effects of anisotropic correlations in fermionic zero-energy bound states of topological phases
• Maximal distant entanglement in Kitaev tube
• Topological phases and Majorana states in screened interacting quantum wires
• Transport signatures of a quantum spin Hall - chiral topological superconductor junction
• Ever-present Majorana bound state in a generic one-dimensional superconductor with odd number of Fermi surfaces
• A Study of Topological Quantum Phase Transition and Majorana Localization Length for the Interacting Helical Liquid System
• Complex-band-structure eigenvalue method adapted to Floquet systems: topological superconducting wires as a case study
• Majorana mode stacking, robustness and size effect in cylindrical nanowires
• Jackiw-Rebbi-type bound state carrying fractional fermion parity
• Superconducting triangular islands as a platform for manipulating Majorana zero modes
• Majorana Fermions Under Uniaxial Stress in Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructures
• Robustness of Topological Order in Semiconductor-Superconductor Nanowires in the Coulomb Blockade Regime
• Zero-energy Majorana states in a one-dimensional quantum wire with charge density wave instability
• Polarity of the fermionic condensation in the $p$-wave Kitaev model on a square lattice
• Optimizing proximitized magnetic topological insulator nanoribbons for Majorana bound states
• Emergent topology in thin films of nodal line semimetals
• Majorana Fermions in Semiconducting Nanowires on the Top of Fulde-Ferrell Superconductor
• Entanglement entropy in multi-leg Kitaev ladders with interface defects
• Role of inter-edge tunneling in localizing Majorana zero modes at the ends of quasi one-dimensional p+ip systems
• Measuring the Spin Polarization of a Ferromagnet: an Application of Time-Reversal Invariant Topological Superconductor
• Tunneling Magnetoresistance in Junctions Composed of Ferromagnets and Time-Reversal Invariant Topological Superconductors
• Confinement-induced Majorana modes in a nodal topological superconductor
• Identification of the Majorana edge modes in tight-binding systems based on the Krylov method
• Majorana bound states with chiral magnetic textures
• Spectrum of the Vortex Bound States of the Dirac and Schrodinger Hamiltonian in the presence of Superconducting Gaps
• Symmetry-protected topological wire in a topological vacuum
• Symmetry Reduction and Boundary Modes for Fe-Chains on an s-wave Superconductor
• Trivial and Non-trivial Superconductivity in dsDNA
• Classification of Majorana Fermions in Two-Dimensional Topological Superconductors
• Topological Fulde-Ferrell and Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in spin-orbit coupled lattice system
• Topological squashed entanglement: nonlocal order parameter for one-dimensional topological superconductors
• Theory of collective topologically-protected Majorana fermion excitations of networks of localized Majorana modes