Crossover from Majorana edge to end states in quasi-one-dimensional p-wave superconductors

Abstract

In a recent work [Potter and Lee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 227003 (2010)], it was demonstrated by means of numerical diagonalization that the Majorana end states can be localized at opposite ends of a sample of an ideal spinless p-wave superconductor with the strip geometry beyond the strict one-dimensional limit. Here we reexamine this issue, and study the topological quantum phase transition in the same system. We give the phase diagrams of the presence of Majorana end modes by using of $Z_2$ topological index. It is found that the topological property of a strip geometry will change in an oscillatory way with respect of the sample width.

8 pages, 5 figures

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