Evidence for Majorana bound state in an iron-based superconductor

Abstract

The search for Majorana bound state (MBS) has recently emerged as one of the most active research areas in condensed matter physics, fueled by the prospect of using its non-Abelian statistics for robust quantum computation. A highly sought-after platform for MBS is two-dimensional topological superconductors, where MBS is predicted to exist as a zero-energy mode in the core of a vortex. A clear observation of MBS, however, is often hindered by the presence of additional low-lying bound states inside the vortex core. By using scanning tunneling microscope on the newly discovered superconducting Dirac surface state of iron-based superconductor FeTe1-xSex (x = 0.45, superconducting transition temperature Tc = 14.5 K), we clearly observe a sharp and non-split zero-bias peak inside a vortex core. Systematic studies of its evolution under different magnetic fields, temperatures, and tunneling barriers strongly suggest that this is the case of tunneling to a nearly pure MBS, separated from non-topological bound states which is moved away from the zero energy due to the high ratio between the superconducting gap and the Fermi energy in this material. This observation offers a new, robust platform for realizing and manipulating MBSs at a relatively high temperature.

27 pages, 11 figures, supplementary information included

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• Transport evidence for twin-boundary pinning of superconducting vortices in FeSe
• Theoretical proposal to obtain strong Majorana evidence from scanning tunneling spectroscopy of a vortex with a dissipative environment
• High-resolution ARPES endstation for in-situ electronic structure investigations at SSRF
• Hexagonal warping effect to Majorana zero modes at ends of superconducting vortex line in doped 3D strong topological insulators
• Embedded Majorana Islands
• Magnetic-field driven evolution of zero-energy mode on Bi islands deposited on Fe(Te,Se)
• Angular momentum of vortex-core Majorana zero modes
• Anomalous Shiba spectrum and superconductivity induced magnetic interactions in materials with topological band inversion
• Majorana modes in helical altermagnet without net magnetism and spin-orbit coupling
• Triangular lattice Majorana-Hubbard model: Mean field theory and DMRG on a width-4 torus
• Phase transitions in quantum dot-Majorana zero mode coupling systems
• Linear scaling relation between two-dimensional massless Dirac fermion Fermi velocity and Fe-As bond length in iron arsenide superconductor systems
• Optical conductivity of the Majorana mode at the s- and d-wave topological superconductor edge
• Identifying Majorana Zero Modes in Vortex Lattices Using Fano Factor Tomography
• Fe${}_{1+y}$Te${}_x$Se${}_{1-x}$: a delicate and tunable Majorana material
• Superconducting Stiffness and Coherence Length of FeSe${}_{0.5}$Te${}_{0.5}$ Measured in Zero-Applied Field
• Anomalous Linear and Quadratic Nodeless Surface Dirac Cones in Three-Dimensional Dirac Semimetals
• Non-Abelian operation through scattering between chiral Dirac edge modes
• Deterministic topological quantum gates for Majorana qubits without ancillary modes
• Superconductor Vortex Spectrum Including Fermi Arc States in Time-Reversal Symmetric Weyl Semimetals
• Anomalous superconducting proximity effect of planar Pb-RhPb2 heterojunctions in the clean limit
• Vortex bound state of Kondo lattice coupled to compensated metal
• Combining quantum spin hall effect and superconductivity in few-layer stanene
• Boundary topological insulators and superconductors of Altland-Zirnbauer tenfold classes
• Correlation between Fermi surface reconstruction and superconductivity in pressurized FeTe0.55Se0.45
• Chiral Majorana Edge Modes and Vortex Majorana Zero Modes in Superconducting Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator
• Topological superconductor from superconducting topological surface states and fault-tolerant quantum computing
• Coexistence of gapless and gapped vortex modes with Majorana corner states in a 2D second-order topological superconductor
• Ubiquity of rotational symmetry breaking in superconducting films, from Fe(Te,Se)/Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ to Nb, and the effect of measurement geometry
• Inversion-symmetric Electron Gases as New Platforms for Topological Planar Josephson Junctions
• Genetic algorithm enhanced Solovay-Kitaev algorithm for quantum compiling of Fibonacci anyons
• Intrinsic chiral topological superconductor thin films
• Fermi arc criterion for surface Majorana modes in superconducting time-reversal symmetric Weyl semimetals
• Nontrivial topological states in BaSn5 superconductor probed by de Haas-van Alphen quantum oscillations
• Majorana Flat Bands in the Vortex Line of Superconducting Weyl Semimetals
• Topological in-gap chiral edge states in superconducting Haldane model with spin-orbit coupling
• Theory of Topological Superconductivity in Doped IV-VI Semiconductors
• Pairing around a Single Dirac Point: A Unifying View of Kohn-Luttinger Superconductivity in Chern Bands, Quarter Metals, and Topological Surface States
• Majorana Zero Modes and Topological Nature in Bi2Ta3S6-family Superconductors
• Orbital homology of p and t2g orbitals in models and materials
• Ubiquitous missing first Shapiro step in Al-InSb nanosheet Josephson junctions
• A hierarchy in Majorana non-abelian tests and hidden variable models
• First-principles study of the electronic structure of CaKRu${}_4$P${}_4$
• Potentiometric detection of spin polarization expected at the surface of FeTe0.6Se0.4 in the effective p-wave superconducting state
• A mesoscopic device for a realization of the Topological Kondo effect
• Superconductivity in centrosymmetric topological superconductor candidate TaC
• Gap reopening as a possible signature of coupling between Majorana zero modes in Sn-(Bi,Sb)2(Te,S)3-based Josephson trijunctions
• Electronic and Superconducting Properties of Some FeSe-based Single Crystals and Films Grown Hydrothermally
• Vacancy Order and Physical Properties of a Ternary Compound Fe0.68Pd0.80Te with an α-Fe1+xTe-Type Structure
• Superconductivity in the pressure-amorphized topological insulator CrP${}_4$
• Evolution of the intertwining correlated topological phases in iron-based superconductor Fe(Te,Se)
• Majorana vortex phases in time-reversal invariant higher-order topological insulators and topologically trivial insulators
• 2D Gapless Topological Superfluids Generated by Pairing Phases
• Designer quantum matter in van der Waals heterostructures
• Shot noise signatures identifying non-Abelian properties of Jackiw-Rebbi zero modes
• Scheme for braiding Majorana zero modes in vortices using an STT-matrix
• Non-Topological Edge-Localized Yu-Shiba-Rusinov States in CrBr${}_3$/NbSe${}_2$ Heterostructures
• Piezostrain-induced in-plane anisotropy of superconducting transition temperature for FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films
• Magnetization signature of topological surface states in a non-symmorphic superconductor
• Giant and robust Josephson diode effect in multiband topological nanowires
• Majorana edge modes in isolated wires
• Detecting and Distinguishing Majorana Zero Modes with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope
• Symmetry-breaking-induced topology in FeSe
• On the Ferrimagnetic State of CrCl${}_2$(pyz)${}_2$
• Unveiling In-Gap States and Majorana Zero Modes in Superconductor-Topological Insulator Bilayer model
• Scalable Gate-Defined Majorana Fermions in 2D p-Wave Superconductors
• Quantum interference among vortex bound states in superconductors
• Proximity-Induced Superconductivity in a Topological Crystalline Insulator