Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor

Abstract

Topological superconductors, whose edge hosts Majorana bound states or Majorana fermions that obey non-Abelian statistics, can be used for low-decoherence quantum computations. Most of the proposed topological superconductors are realized with spin-helical states through proximity effect to BCS superconductors. However, such approaches are difficult for further studies and applications because of the low transition temperatures and complicated hetero-structures. Here by using high-resolution spin-resolved and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, we discover that the iron-based superconductor FeTe1-xSex (x = 0.45, Tc = 14.5 K) hosts Dirac-cone type spin-helical surface states at Fermi level, which open an s-wave SC gap below Tc. Our study proves that the surface states of FeTe0.55Se0.45 are 2D topologically superconducting, and thus provides a simple and possibly high-Tc platform for realizing Majorana fermions.

arXiv comment10 pages, 5 figures. 1706.05163, 1803.00845 and 1803.00846 are a series of studies on topological superconductivity and topological states in iron-based superconductors

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• Majorana modes in helical altermagnet without net magnetism and spin-orbit coupling
• Superconductor Vortex Spectrum Including Fermi Arc States in Time-Reversal Symmetric Weyl Semimetals
• Signatures of Amorphous Shiba State in FeTe${}_{0.55}$Se${}_{0.45}$
• Chiral Majorana Edge Modes and Vortex Majorana Zero Modes in Superconducting Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator
• Linear scaling relation between two-dimensional massless Dirac fermion Fermi velocity and Fe-As bond length in iron arsenide superconductor systems
• Anomalous Shiba spectrum and superconductivity induced magnetic interactions in materials with topological band inversion
• Hexagonal warping effect to Majorana zero modes at ends of superconducting vortex line in doped 3D strong topological insulators
• Fe${}_{1+y}$Te${}_x$Se${}_{1-x}$: a delicate and tunable Majorana material
• Superconducting Stiffness and Coherence Length of FeSe${}_{0.5}$Te${}_{0.5}$ Measured in Zero-Applied Field
• Topological superconductor from superconducting topological surface states and fault-tolerant quantum computing
• Correlation between Fermi surface reconstruction and superconductivity in pressurized FeTe0.55Se0.45
• Theory of the Little-Parks effect in spin-triplet superconductors
• Nonequilibrium topological spin textures in momentum space
• Generation of extreme ultraviolet laser by single-photon process
• Multiband effect in elastoresistance of Fe(Se,Te)
• Vortex bound state of Kondo lattice coupled to compensated metal
• Two-step phase transitions in Fe(Se,Te)
• Angular momentum of vortex-core Majorana zero modes
• Direct observation of the surface superconducting gap in the topological superconductor candidate β-PdBi2
• Binding zero modes with fluxons in Josephson junctions of time-reversal invariant topological superconductors
• Time-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy of Quantum Materials Using High Harmonic Generation: Probing Electron-Phonon Interactions and Non-Equilibrium Dynamics
• Intrinsic chiral topological superconductor thin films
• First-principles study of the electronic structure of CaKRu${}_4$P${}_4$
• Fragility of Topology under Electronic Correlations in Iron Chalcogenides
• Fermi arc criterion for surface Majorana modes in superconducting time-reversal symmetric Weyl semimetals
• Evolution of holographic Fermi surface from non-minimal couplings
• Pairing around a Single Dirac Point: A Unifying View of Kohn-Luttinger Superconductivity in Chern Bands, Quarter Metals, and Topological Surface States
• Growth and Characterization of Fe0.95Se0.6Te0.4 Single Crystal
• Majorana Zero Modes and Topological Nature in Bi2Ta3S6-family Superconductors
• Superconductivity of 30.4 K and its Reemergence under Pressure in Fe1.11Se Synthesized via Ion-exchange and De-intercalation Reaction
• Majorana Flat Bands in the Vortex Line of Superconducting Weyl Semimetals
• Ubiquity of rotational symmetry breaking in superconducting films, from Fe(Te,Se)/Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ to Nb, and the effect of measurement geometry
• Orbital homology of p and t2g orbitals in models and materials
• Topological Phase Transition in Superconductors with Mirror Symmetry
• Probing time reversal symmetry breaking topological superconductivity in twisted double layer copper oxides with polar Kerr effect
• Fermi-surface diagnosis for topological superconductivity with $s$-wave-like pairing symmetries
• Theory of Topological Superconductivity in Doped IV-VI Semiconductors
• Nontrivial topological states in BaSn5 superconductor probed by de Haas-van Alphen quantum oscillations
• Inversion-symmetric Electron Gases as New Platforms for Topological Planar Josephson Junctions
• Superconducting PdTe Thin Film Via Topotactic Transformation, Toward Topological Superconductors
• Electronic and Superconducting Properties of Some FeSe-based Single Crystals and Films Grown Hydrothermally
• A mesoscopic device for a realization of the Topological Kondo effect
• Electronic and topological properties of the van der Waals layered superconductor PtTe
• Designer quantum matter in van der Waals heterostructures
• Shot noise signatures identifying non-Abelian properties of Jackiw-Rebbi zero modes
• A weak topological insulator state in quasi-one-dimensional superconductor TaSe${}_3$
• Vacancy Order and Physical Properties of a Ternary Compound Fe0.68Pd0.80Te with an α-Fe1+xTe-Type Structure
• Hofstadter Butterflies in Topological Insulators
• Hybrid collective excitations in topological superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator heterostructures
• Symmetry-breaking-induced topology in FeSe
• Binary kagome superconducting candidates hosting topological electronic states
• Superconductivity in centrosymmetric topological superconductor candidate TaC
• Evolution of the intertwining correlated topological phases in iron-based superconductor Fe(Te,Se)
• Efficient slave-boson approach for multiorbital two-particle response functions and superconductivity
• Piezostrain-induced in-plane anisotropy of superconducting transition temperature for FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films
• Probe position determination with multichannel I-V measurements in a two-dimensional sheet$:$ Computational method and mathematical analysis
• Majorana vortex phases in time-reversal invariant higher-order topological insulators and topologically trivial insulators
• Tri-component-pairing chiral superconductivity on the honeycomb lattice with mixed $s$- and $d$-wave symmetries
• Magnetization signature of topological surface states in a non-symmorphic superconductor
• Q Dependence of Magnetic Resonance Mode on FeTe${}_{0.5}$Se${}_{0.5}$ Studied by Inelastic Neutron Scattering