Observation of magnetic adatom-induced Majorana vortex and its hybridization with field-induced Majorana vortex in an iron-based superconductor

Abstract

Braiding Majorana zero modes is essential for fault-tolerant topological quantum computing. Iron-based superconductors with nontrivial band topology have recently emerged as a surprisingly promising platform for creating distinct Majorana zero modes in magnetic vortices in a single material and at relatively high temperatures. The magnetic field-induced Abrikosov vortex lattice makes it difficult to braid a set of Majorana zero modes or to study the coupling of a Majorana doublet due to overlapping wave functions. Here we report the observation of the proposed quantum anomalous vortex with integer quantized vortex core states and the Majorana zero mode induced by magnetic Fe adatoms deposited on the surface. We observe its hybridization with a nearby field-induced Majorana vortex in iron-based superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45. We also observe vortex-free Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states at the Fe adatoms with a weaker coupling to the substrate, and discover a reversible transition between Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states and Majorana zero mode by manipulating the exchange coupling strength. The dual origin of the Majorana zero modes, from magnetic adatoms and external magnetic field, provides a new single-material platform for studying their interactions and braiding in superconductors bearing topological band structures.

arXiv comment41 pages, 14 figures This is a replacement of the origin article. We have reorder the figures, added more data and modified the words a lot while the results are not affected

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• Atomically-precise engineering of spin-orbit polarons in a kagome magnetic Weyl semimetal
• Direct observation of quantum anomalous vortex in Fe(Se,Te)
• Observation of in-gap states in a two-dimensional CrI2/NbSe2 heterostructure
• Observation of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov-like states at the edge of CrBr3/NbSe2 heterostructure
• Effect of Van Hove singularities on Shiba states in two-dimensional $s$-wave superconductors
• Ferromagnetic Impurity Induced Majorana Zero Mode in Iron-Based Superconductor
• Quantum phase transition in magnetic nanographenes on a lead superconductor
• Picosecond Trajectory of Two-dimensional Vortex Motion in FeSe${}_{0.5}$Te${}_{0.5}$ Visualized by Terahertz Second Harmonic Generation
• Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in a superconductor with topological Z2 bands
• Evidence for a robust sign-changing s-wave order parameter in monolayer films of superconducting Fe (Se,Te)/Bi2Te3
• Anomalous Shiba states in topological iron-based superconductors
• Absence of hexagonal to square structural transition in LiFeAs vortex matter
• High-Resolution Spectroscopy of the Intermediate Impurity States near a Quantum Phase Transition
• Prediction of topological superconductivity in 1$T$-TiTe${}_2$ under pressure
• Helical Topological Superconducting Pairing at Finite Excitation Energies
• Robust topological state against magnetic impurities observed in superconductor PbTaSe2
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• Dual Enhancement of Superconductivity in FeSe/SrTiO3 via Orbital and Correlation Synergy