Vortex-line topology in iron-based superconductors with and without second-order topology

Abstract

The band topology of a superconductor is known to have profound impact on the existence of Majorana zero modes in vortices. As iron-based superconductors with band inversion and $s_{\pm }$-wave pairing can give rise to time-reversal invariant second-order topological superconductivity, manifested by the presence of helical Majorana hinge states in three dimensions, we are motivated to investigate the interplay between the second-order topology and the vortex lines in both weak- and strong-Zeeman-field regimes. In the weak-Zeeman-field regime, we find that vortex lines far away from the hinges are topologically nontrivial in the weakly doped regime, regardless of whether the second-order topology is present or not. However, when the superconductor falls into the second-order topological phase and a topological vortex line is moved close to the helical Majorana hinge states, we find that their hybridization will trivialize the vortex line and transfer robust Majorana zero modes to the hinges. Furthermore, when the Zeeman field is large enough, we find that the helical Majorana hinge states are changed into chiral Majorana hinge modes and thus a chiral second-order topological superconducting phase is realized. In this regime, the vortex lines are always topologically trivial, no matter how far away they are from the chiral Majorana hinge modes. By incorporating a realistic assumption of inhomogeneous superconductivity, our findings can explain the recent experimental observation of the peculiar coexistence and evolution of topologically nontrivial and trivial vortex lines in iron-based superconductors.

arXiv comment8 pages, 4 figures, plus Supplemental Material

References in corpus (90)

• Topological Insulators
• Topological insulators and superconductors
• Non-Abelian Anyons and Topological Quantum Computation
• Superconducting proximity effect and Majorana fermions at the surface of a topological insulator
• Unpaired Majorana fermions in quantum wires
• Topological Insulators with Inversion Symmetry
• Signatures of Majorana fermions in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowire devices
• Majorana Fermions and a Topological Phase Transition in Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructures
• Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries, and the fractional quantum Hall effect
• Classification of topological insulators and superconductors in three spatial dimensions
• Helical liquids and Majorana bound states in quantum wires
• Unconventional sign-reversing superconductivity in LaFeAsO_(1-x)F_x
• Observation of Majorana Fermions in Ferromagnetic Atomic Chains on a Superconductor
• Quantized Electric Multipole Insulators
• Non-abelian statistics of half-quantum vortices in p-wave superconductors
• Non-Abelian statistics and topological quantum information processing in 1D wire networks
• Higher-Order Topological Insulators
• Superconductivity in Iron Compounds
• High-temperature superconductivity in iron-based materials
• Gap symmetry and structure of Fe-based superconductors
• Reflection symmetric second-order topological insulators and superconductors
• Evidence for Majorana bound state in an iron-based superconductor
• Antiferromagnetic order and spin dynamics in iron-based superconductors
• Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor
• Observation of Majorana fermions with spin selective Andreev reflection in the vortex of topological superconductor
• Higher-order topological insulators and superconductors protected by inversion symmetry
• Quantized Majorana conductance
• Second-order topological insulators and superconductors with an order-two crystalline symmetry
• Evidence of topological superconductivity in planar Josephson junctions
• The Unexpected Properties of Alkali Metal Iron Selenide Superconductors
• Majorana corner modes in a high-temperature platform
• Topological nature of FeSe${}_{0.5}$Te${}_{0.5}$ superconductor
• Zero-energy vortex bound state in the superconducting topological surface state of Fe(Se,Te)
• Time Reversal Invariant Topological Superconductivity and Majorana Kramers Pairs
• Topological superconductivity on the surface of Fe-based superconductors
• Multiple topological states in iron-based superconductors
• High-Temperature Majorana Corner States
• Nearly quantized conductance plateau of vortex zero mode in an iron-based superconductor
• Robust and clean Majorana zero mode in the vortex core of high-temperature superconductor (Li0.84Fe0.16)OHFeSe
• Topological Mirror Superconductivity
• Weak-Pairing Higher Order Topological Superconductors
• Observation of half-integer level shift of vortex bound states in an iron-based superconductor
• Majorana Kramers pairs in higher-order topological insulators
• Signature of Dispersing 1D Majorana Channels in an Iron-based Superconductor
• Efficient numerical computation of the Pfaffian for dense and banded skew-symmetric matrices
• Tunable Majorana corner states in a two-dimensional second-order topological superconductor induced by magnetic fields
• Majorana corner states in a two-dimensional magnetic topological insulator on a high-temperature superconductor
• Second Order Topological Superconductivity in $\pi$-Junction Rashba Layers
• Higher Order Topology and Nodal Topological Superconductivity in Fe(Se,Te) Heterostructures
• Helical Hinge Majoranas in Iron-Based Superconductors
• Topological Characters in Fe(Te${}_{1-x}$Se${}_x$) thin films
• Higher-order topological odd-parity superconductors
• On the Remarkable Superconductivity of FeSe and its Close Cousins
• Discrete energy levels of Caroli-de Gennes-Martricon states in quantum limit due to small Fermi energy in FeTe${}_{0.55}$Se${}_{0.45}$
• Second-order Topological Superconductors with Mixed Pairing
• Inversion-protected higher order topological superconductivity in monolayer WTe${}_2$
• Second-order Dirac superconductors and magnetic field induced Majorana hinge modes
• In-plane Zeeman field induced Majorana corner and hinge modes in an $s$-wave superconductor heterostructure
• Atomic line defects and zero-energy end states in monolayer Fe(Te,Se) high-temperature superconductors
• Lattice symmetry assisted second order topological superconductors and Majorana patterns
• Topological crystalline superconductivity and second-order topological superconductivity in nodal-loop materials
• Majorana corner and hinge modes in second-order topological insulator-superconductor heterostructures
• Scalable Majorana vortex modes in iron-based superconductors
• Quantized conductance of Majorana zero mode in the vortex of the topological superconductor (Li0.84Fe0.16)OHFeSe
• Proximity-induced Majorana hinge modes in antiferromagnetic topological insulators
• First- and Second-Order Topological Superconductivity and Temperature-Driven Topological Phase Transitions in the Extended Hubbard Model with Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Higher-order topological superconductors in $\mathcal{P}$-, $\mathcal{T}$-odd quadrupolar Dirac materials
• Topological quantum states of matter in iron-based superconductors: From concepts to material realization
• Higher-Order Topological Superconductivity of Spin-Polarized Fermions
• Phase tunable second-order topological superconductor
• Quantum anomalous vortex and Majorana zero mode in iron-based superconductor Fe(Te,Se)
• Evidence for Helical Hinge Zero Modes in an Fe-Based Superconductor
• Fractional Topological Superconductivity and Parafermion Corner States
• Higher-order topological superconductivity: possible realization in Fermi gases and Sr${}_2$RuO${}_4$
• Vortex and Surface Phase Transitions in Superconducting Higher-order Topological Insulators
• Three-dimensional superconductors with hybrid higher order topology
• Quasi 1D topological nodal vortex line phase in doped superconducting 3D Dirac Semimetals
• Crystalline symmetry protected helical Majorana modes in the iron pnictides
• Majorana corner modes with solitons in an attractive Hubbard-Hofstadter model of cold atom optical lattices
• Vortex end Majorana zero modes in superconducting Dirac and Weyl semimetals
• Observation of topological transition in high-T${}_c$ superconductor FeTe${}_{1-x}$Se${}_x$/SrTiO${}_3$(001) monolayers
• Detection of second-order topological superconductors by Josephson junctions
• Simulation of Higher-Order Topological Phases and Related Topological Phase Transitions in a Superconducting Qubit
• Spatial Inhomogeneity of the Superconducting Gap and Order Parameter in FeSe_{0.4}Te_{0.6}
• Majorana corner flat bands in two-dimensional second-order topological superconductors
• Topological orders competing for the Dirac surface state in FeSeTe surfaces
• Effect of Zeeman coupling on the Majorana vortex modes in iron-based topological superconductors
• Topological Vortex Phase Transitions in Iron-Based Superconductors
• Atomic line defects and topological superconductivity in unconventional superconductors
• Magnetic Flux Periodicity in Second Order Topological Superconductors

Cited by in corpus (26)

• Higher-Order Weyl-Exceptional-Ring Semimetals
• Hierarchy of higher-order topological superconductors in three dimensions
• Non-Hermitian higher-order topological superconductors in two-dimension: statics and dynamics
• Higher-order topological phases in crystalline and non-crystalline systems: a review
• Higher-order topological superconductors based on weak topological insulators
• Floquet Second Order Topological Superconductor based on Unconventional Pairing
• Competing Vortex Topologies in Iron-based Superconductors
• Dynamical construction of Quadrupolar and Octupolar topological superconductors
• Corner- and sublattice-sensitive Majorana zero modes on the kagome lattice
• Braiding higher-order Majorana corner states through their spin degree of freedom
• Sublattice-enriched tunability of bound states in second-order topological insulators and superconductors
• Nodal higher-order topological superconductivity from a ${\mathcal{C}}_4$-symmetric Dirac semimetal
• Surface Bogoliubov-Dirac cones and helical Majorana hinge modes in superconducting Dirac semimetals
• Sublattice-sensitive Majorana Modes
• Time evolution of Majorana corner modes in Floquet second-order topological superconductor
• Unveiling non-Abelian statistics of vortex Majorana bound states in iron-based superconductors using fermionic modes
• Corner modes in non-Hermitian next-nearest-neighbor hopping model
• Anomalous Coherence Length of Majorana Zero Modes at Vortices in Superconducting Topological Insulators
• Higher-order topological superconductor phases in a multilayer system
• Tunable Majorana corner modes by orbital-dependent exchange interaction in a two-dimensional topological superconductor
• Majorana corner states in an attractive quantum spin Hall insulator with opposite in-plane Zeeman energy at two sublattice sites
• Second-order topological insulator in periodically driven lattice
• Higher-order topological superconductors characterized by Fermi level crossings
• Fragile topology in nodal-line semimetal superconductors
• Coexistence of gapless and gapped vortex modes with Majorana corner states in a 2D second-order topological superconductor
• Majorana Flat Bands in the Vortex Line of Superconducting Weyl Semimetals