Majorana Zero Modes Protected by Hopf Invariant in Topologically Trivial Superconductors

Abstract

Majorana zero modes are usually attributed to topological superconductors. We study a class of two-dimensional topologically trivial superconductors without chiral edge modes, which nevertheless host robust Majorana zero modes in topological defects. The construction of this minimal single-band model is facilitated by the Hopf map and the Hopf invariant. This work will stimulate investigations of Majorana zero modes in superconductors in the topologically trivial regime.

15 pages, 6 figures, including supplemental material. The published version is slightly shortened

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