Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source

Abstract

On 2017 August 17, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) and the Virgo interferometer detected gravitational waves emanating from a binary neutron star merger, GW170817. Nearly simultaneously, the Fermi and INTEGRAL telescopes detected a gamma-ray transient, GRB 170817A. 10.9 hours after the gravitational wave trigger, we discovered a transient and fading optical source, Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), coincident with GW170817. SSS17a is located in NGC 4993, an S0 galaxy at a distance of 40 megaparsecs. The precise location of GW170817 provides an opportunity to probe the nature of these cataclysmic events by combining electromagnetic and gravitational-wave observations.

arXiv comment25 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, published today in Science

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• Search for gravitational waves from high-mass-ratio compact-binary mergers of stellar mass and sub-solar mass black holes
• Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared Observations of the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817
• Lensed or not lensed: Determining lensing magnifications for binary neutron star mergers from a single detection
• The role of weak interactions in dynamic ejecta from binary neutron star mergers
• Phenomenology of Large Scale Structure in scalar-tensor theories: joint prior covariance of $w_{\text{DE}}$, $\Sigma$ and $\mu$ in Horndeski
• Probing Kilonova Ejecta Properties Using a Catalog of Short Gamma-Ray Burst Observations
• Reconstructing Horndeski theories from phenomenological modified gravity and dark energy models on cosmological scales
• Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey
• Opacity of the highly ionized lanthanides and the effect on the early kilonova
• Compact Binary Mergers and The Event Rate of Fast Radio Bursts
• Afterglows and Kilonovae Associated with Nearby Low-Luminosity Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Bursts: Application to GW170817/GRB170817A
• Role of the symmetry energy and the neutron-matter stiffness on the tidal deformability of a neutron star with unified equations of state
• Jet-cocoon outflows from neutron star mergers: structure, light curves, and fundamental physics
• The Spectroscopic Classification of Astronomical Transients (SCAT) Survey: Overview, Pipeline Description, Initial Results, and Future Plans
• Cuckoo's Eggs in Neutron Stars: Can LIGO Hear Chirps from the Dark Sector?
• Dirichlet Process Gaussian-mixture model: An application to localizing coalescing binary neutron stars with gravitational-wave observations
• Quasinormal modes of compact objects in alternative theories of gravity
• Double neutron star mergers from hierarchical triple-star systems
• Search for gravitational-wave signals associated with gamma-ray bursts during the second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• The B-type Binaries Characterisation Programme I. Orbital solutions for the 30 Doradus population
• Charged Compact Binary Coalescence Signal and Electromagnetic Counterpart of Plunging BH-NS mergers
• Using Deep Learning to Localize Gravitational Wave Sources
• Emergent modified gravity: Covariance regained
• Swift-XRT follow-up of gravitational wave triggers during the third aLIGO/Virgo observing run
• Searching for the radio remnants of short duration gamma-ray bursts
• NGC 4993, the shell galaxy host of GW170817: constraints on the recent galactic merger
• Neutron Star Mergers Are the Dominant Source of the r-process in the Early Evolution of Dwarf Galaxies
• Coincident detection significance in multimessenger astronomy
• Cosmological Fast Optical Transients with the Zwicky Transient Facility: A Search for Dirty Fireballs
• The Gravity Collective: A Search for the Electromagnetic Counterpart to the Neutron Star-Black Hole Merger GW190814
• Shock within a shock: revisiting the radio flares of NS merger ejecta and GRB-supernovae
• Cosmology with Gravitational Wave/Fast Radio Burst Associations
• Late time kilonova light curves and implications to GW 170817
• An upper-limit on the linear polarization fraction of the GW170817 radio continuum
• From the microscopic to the macroscopic world: from nucleons to neutron stars
• Viewing angle of binary neutron star mergers
• GROWTH on S190510g: DECam Observation Planning and Follow-Up of a Distant Binary Neutron Star Merger Candidate
• Probing the extragalactic fast transient sky at minute timescales with DECam
• Radiation hydrodynamics modeling of kilonovae with SNEC
• Gravitational-wave Merger Forecasting: Scenarios for the early detection and localization of compact-binary mergers with ground based observatories
• Fusing numerical relativity and deep learning to detect higher-order multipole waveforms from eccentric binary black hole mergers
• Numerical Simulations of an Initially Top-Hat Jet and the Afterglow of GW170817/GRB170817A
• The cosmological impact of future constraints on $H_0$ from gravitational-wave standard sirens
• Localization of binary mergers with gravitational-wave detectors of second and third generation
• Multimessenger tests of the weak equivalence principle from GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterparts
• SN 2013aa and SN 2017cbv: Two Sibling Type Ia Supernovae in the spiral galaxy NGC 5643
• Search for Neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande associated with the GW170817 neutron-star merger
• Signatures of R-process Enrichment in Supernovae from Collapsars
• SN2018kzr: a rapidly declining transient from the destruction of a white dwarf
• Distinguishing high-mass binary neutron stars from binary black holes with second- and third-generation gravitational wave observatories
• Searches after Gravitational Waves Using ARizona Observatories (SAGUARO): Observations and Analysis from Advanced LIGO/Virgo's Third Observing Run
• A Late-Time Galaxy-Targeted Search for the Radio Counterpart of GW190814
• The Tsinghua University-Ma Huateng Telescopes for Survey: Overview and Performance of the System
• Detectability of neutron star merger afterglows
• Deep and rapid observations of strong-lensing galaxy clusters within the sky localisation of GW170814
• Collapsar R-Process Yields Can Reproduce [Eu/Fe] Abundance Scatter in Metal-Poor Stars
• Is the macronova in GW170817 powered by the central engine?
• Prospects for multi-messenger detection of binary neutron star mergers in the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
• The Unprecedented Properties of the First Electromagnetic Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source
• Implementation of advanced Riemann solvers in a neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamics code in numerical relativity and its application to a binary neutron star merger
• Ultra long lived quasinormal modes of neutron stars in massive scalar-tensor gravity
• The host galaxies of double compact objects across cosmic time
• Detectability of kilonovae in optical surveys: $post$-$mortem$ examination of the LVC O3 run follow-up
• GW241011 and GW241110: Exploring Binary Formation and Fundamental Physics with Asymmetric, High-Spin Black Hole Coalescence
• Cosmography with next-generation gravitational wave detectors
• Rotating neutron stars with non-barotropic thermal profile
• GW170817 4.5 years after merger: Dynamical ejecta afterglow constraints
• Finding the remnants of the Milky Way's last neutron star mergers
• Multi-Messenger Physics with the Pierre Auger Observatory
• MeV Gamma Rays from Fission: A Distinct Signature of Actinide Production in Neutron Star Mergers
• Optical follow-up of gravitational wave events during the second advanced LIGO/VIRGO observing run with the DLT40 Survey
• Exploring compact binary merger host galaxies and environments with $\mathrm{zELDA}$
• Spin-Precessing Black Hole Binaries in Dynamical Chern-Simons Gravity
• Inspiralling eccentric binary neutron stars: orbital motion and tidal resonance
• The Effect of Jet-Ejecta Interaction on the Viewing Angle Dependence of Kilonova Light Curves
• DDOTI Observations of Gravitational-Wave Sources Discovered in O3
• Localization of transient gravitational wave sources: beyond triangulation
• Spectroscopic r-Process Abundance Retrieval for Kilonovae I: The Inferred Abundance Pattern of Early Emission from GW170817
• Tossing Black Hole Spin Axes
• A strategy for LSST to unveil a population of kilonovae without gravitational-wave triggers
• The luminous and rapidly evolving SN 2018bcc: Clues toward the origin of Type Ibn SNe from the Zwicky Transient Facility
• The R-Process Alliance: Chemical Abundances for a Trio of R-Process-Enhanced Stars -- One Strong, One Moderate, One Mild
• Population Properties of Gravitational-Wave Neutron Star--Black Hole Mergers
• R-process enrichment in ultrafaint dwarf galaxies
• The R-Process Alliance: J1521-3538, a very metal-poor, extremely r-process-enhanced star with [Eu/Fe]=+2.2, and the class of r-III stars
• Leveraging gravitational-wave memory to distinguish neutron star--black hole binaries from black hole binaries
• A simultaneous search for prompt radio emission associated with the short GRB 170112A using the all-sky imaging capability of the OVRO-LWA
• Deep Hubble Space Telescope Observations of GW170817: Complete Light Curves and the Properties of the Galaxy Merger of NGC 4993
• Light curve classification with recurrent neural networks for GOTO: dealing with imbalanced data
• Consistent Skyrme parametrizations constrained by GW170817
• Low-latency gravitational wave alert products and their performance at the time of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
• Eccentricity of Long Inspiraling Compact Binaries Sheds Light on Dark Sirens
• The r-process nucleosynthesis in the outflows from short GRB accretion disks
• Constraining Collapsar r-Process Models through Stellar Abundances
• Outflows from black hole hyperaccretion systems: short and long-short gamma-ray bursts and "quasi-supernovae"
• AT2018kzr: the merger of an oxygen-neon white dwarf and a neutron star or black hole
• Constraints on compact binary merger evolution from spin-orbit misalignment in gravitational-wave observations
• An astrophysically motivated ranking criterion for low-latency electromagnetic follow-up of gravitational wave events
• Radioactive $\gamma$-Ray Emissions from Neutron Star Mergers
• The role of the tachyonic instability in Horndeski gravity
• An Infrared Search for Kilonovae with the WINTER Telescope. I. Binary Neutron Star Mergers
• Forward Modeling of Double Neutron Stars: Insights from Highly-Offset Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
• GW190814 follow-up with the optical telescope MeerLICHT
• Lanthanides or dust in kilonovae: lessons learned from GW170817
• Exploring non-singular black holes in gravitational perturbations
• Electrical Resistivity and Hall Effect in Binary Neutron-Star Mergers
• The Gravitational Wave Universe Toolbox: A software package to simulate observation of the Gravitational Wave Universe with different detectors
• Swift/UVOT follow-up of Gravitational Wave Alerts in the O3 era
• Thermal evolution of neo-neutron stars. I: envelopes, Eddington luminosity phase and implications for GW170817
• Scalar-tensor mixed polarization search of gravitational waves
• Collapsars as Sites of r-process Nucleosynthesis: Systematic Near-Infrared Follow-up of Type Ic-BL Supernovae
• Shortcomings of Shapiro delay-based tests of the equivalence principle on cosmological scales
• Cocoon breakout and escape from the ejecta of neutron star mergers
• $r$-process Nucleosynthesis and Kilonovae from Hypermassive Neutron Star Remnants
• The binary-host connection: astrophysics of gravitational wave binaries from their host galaxy properties
• Cooling binary neutron star remnants via nucleon-nucleon-axion bremsstrahlung
• Statistical and systematic uncertainties in extracting the source properties of neutron star - black hole binaries with gravitational waves
• Upscattered Cocoon Emission in Short Gamma-ray Bursts as High-energy Gamma-ray Counterparts to Gravitational Waves
• On Neutron Star Mergers as the Source of r-process Enhanced Metal Poor Stars in the Milky Way
• GRB 170817A-GW170817-AT 2017gfo and the observations of NS-NS, NS-WD and WD-WD mergers
• Electromagnetic counterparts of binary neutron star mergers leading to a strongly magnetized long-lived remnant neutron star
• A collapsar origin for GRB 211211A is (just barely) possible
• The impact of natal kicks on galactic r-process enrichment by neutron star mergers
• Gamma-Ray Emission Produced by $r$-process Elements from Neutron Star Mergers
• Well-tempered teleparallel Horndeski cosmology: a teleparallel variation to the cosmological constant problem
• Optimizing Cadences with Realistic Light Curve Filtering for Serendipitous Kilonova Discovery with Vera Rubin Observatory
• GW170817: The energy extraction process of the off-axis relativistic outflow and the constraint on the equation of state of neutron stars
• Inspiraling double compact object detection and lensing rate -- forecast for DECIGO and B-DECIGO
• A search for radio emission from double-neutron star merger GW190425 using Apertif
• Cocoon cooling emission in neutron star mergers
• HARM3D+NUC: A new method for simulating the post-merger phase of binary neutron star mergers with GRMHD, tabulated EOS and neutrino leakage
• A more stringent constraint on the mass ratio of binary neutron star merger GW170817
• Bayesian inference of multimessenger astrophysical data: Joint and coherent inference of gravitational waves and kilonovae
• Optimizing Serendipitous Detections of Kilonovae: Cadence and Filter Selection
• The new discontinuous Galerkin methods based numerical relativity program Nmesh
• Relativistic envelopes and gamma-rays from neutron star mergers
• Axial quasi-normal modes of neutron stars in $R^2$ gravity
• Bayesian parameter estimation on boson-star binary signals with a coherent inspiral template and spin-dependent quadrupolar corrections
• The first five years of gravitational-wave astrophysics
• Polarized kilonovae from black hole-neutron star mergers
• AGILE Observations of the Gravitational-wave Source GW170817: Constraining Gamma-Ray Emission from a NS-NS Coalescence
• Super-Knee Cosmic Rays from Galactic Neutron Star Merger Remnants
• A Measurement of the Hubble Constant using Gravitational Waves from the Binary Merger GW190814
• Measuring the delay time distribution of binary neutron stars. I. Through Scaling Relations of the Host Galaxies of Gravitational Wave Events
• Interpreting GRB170817A as a giant flare from a jet-less double neutron-star merger
• Solving the $H_0$ tension in $f(T)$ Gravity through Bayesian Machine Learning
• The short gamma-ray burst population in a quasi-universal jet scenario
• Axial Quasi-Normal Modes of Scalarized Neutron Stars with Realistic Equations of State
• A thorough investigation of the prospects of eLISA in addressing the Hubble tension: Fisher Forecast, MCMC and Machine Learning
• A Comparative Study of Long and Short GRBs. II. A Multi-wavelength Method to distinguish Type II (massive star) and Type I (compact star) GRBs
• A First Search for Prompt Radio Emission from a Gravitational-Wave Event
• Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey for An Optical Counterpart of GW170817
• Predicted rates of merging neutron stars in galaxies
• Late-time accretion in neutron star mergers: implications for short gamma-ray bursts and kilonovae
• From Neutrino- to Photon-Cooled in Three Years: Can Fallback Accretion Explain the X-ray Excess in GW170817?
• A Search for Optical Emission from Binary-Black-Hole Merger GW170814 with the Dark Energy Camera
• Constraining the Jet Launching Time of GRB 170817A by Utilizing the Baryon Loading
• A Systematic Exploration of Kilonova Candidates from Neutron Star Mergers During the Third Gravitational Wave Observing Run
• Eighteen Years of Kilonova Discoveries with Swift
• Gravitational-wave dark siren cosmology systematics from galaxy weighting
• Modelling Populations of Kilonovae
• The Gamow Explorer: A gamma-ray burst observatory to study the high redshift universe and enable multi-messenger astrophysics
• PS15cey and PS17cke: prospective candidates from the Pan-STARRS Search for Kilonovae
• Distinguishing binary neutron star from neutron star-black hole mergers with gravitational waves
• GW170817: implications for the local kilonova rate and for surveys from ground-based facilities
• Localization of Binary Black-Hole Mergers with Known Inclination
• Abundances and Depletions of Neutron-Capture Elements in the Interstellar Medium
• SN2017jgh - A high-cadence complete shock cooling lightcurve of a SN IIb with the Kepler telescope
• The reliability of the low-latency estimation of binary neutron star chirp mass
• Measuring the Hubble constant with kilonovae using the Expanding Photosphere Method
• Electromagnetic Counterparts of Compact Binary Mergers
• Astrophysical Gravitational Waves in Conformal Gravity
• Electromagnetic signals from the decay of free neutrons in the first hours of neutron star mergers
• $r$-process nucleosynthesis in the early Universe through fast mergers of compact binaries in triple systems
• Delayed jet breakouts from binary neutron star mergers
• Are fast radio bursts the most likely electromagnetic counterpart of neutron star mergers resulting in prompt collapse?
• Fundamental physics using the temporal gravitational wave background
• Probing neutron star structure via f-mode oscillations and damping in dynamical spacetime models
• Neutron stars mergers in a stochastic chemical evolution model: impact of time delay distributions
• Probing the magnetic field in the GW170817 outflow using H.E.S.S. observations
• Improving data-driven model-independent reconstructions and updated constraints on dark energy models from Horndeski cosmology
• Microscopic nuclear equation of state at finite temperature and stellar stability
• Quasi-Normal Modes of Hairy Scalar Tensor Black Holes: Odd Parity
• Searching for Gamma-Ray counterparts to Gravitational Waves from merging binary neutron stars with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• What Powered the Kilonova-Like Emission After GRB 230307A in the Framework of a Neutron Star-White Dwarf Merger?
• Radio sky maps of the GRB 170817A afterglow from simulations
• Anisotropic multimessenger signals from black hole neutrino-dominated accretion flows with outflows in binary compact object mergers
• Free Neutron Ejection From Shock Breakout in Binary Neutron Star Mergers
• Jetlike structures in low-mass binary neutron star merger remnants
• Properties of Gamma-Ray Bursts Associated with Supernovae and Kilonovae
• Phantom crossing dark energy in Horndeski's theory
• Interacting Kilonovae: Long-lasting Electromagnetic Counterparts to Binary Mergers in the Accretion Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Machine Learning for Transient Recognition in Difference Imaging With Minimum Sampling Effort
• Constraints on dark energy models from the Horndeski theory
• Electromagnetic Follow-up Observations of Binary Neutron Star Mergers with Early Warnings from Decihertz Gravitational-wave Observatories
• Constraining Delay Time Distribution of Binary Neutron Star Mergers from Host Galaxy Properties
• Background-Limited Imaging in the Near-Infrared with Warm InGaAs Sensors: Applications for Time-Domain Astronomy
• Localization of Compact Binary Sources with Second Generation Gravitational-wave Interferometer Networks
• Kilonova and Optical Afterglow from Binary Neutron Star Mergers. II. Optimal Search Strategy for Serendipitous Observations and Target-of-opportunity Observations of Gravitational-wave Triggers
• GRANDMA Observations of ZTF/Fink Transients during Summer 2021
• Predicting electromagnetic counterparts using low-latency, gravitational-wave data products
• Polar Quasinormal Modes of Neutron Stars in Massive Scalar-Tensor Theories
• Fallback Accretion Model for the Years-to-Decades X-ray Counterpart to GW170817
• Measuring the Hubble constant with coalescences of binary neutron star and neutron star-black hole: bright sirens \& dark sirens
• Fallback Accretion Halted by R-process Heating in Neutron Star Mergers and Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Exploring laser-driven neutron sources for neutron capture cascades and the production of neutron-rich isotopes
• Jet Structure in the Afterglow Phase for Gamma-ray Bursts with a Precessing Jet
• Modeling Gamma-ray burst Afterglow observations with an Off-axis Jet emission
• KilonovaNet: Surrogate Models of Kilonova Spectra with Conditional Variational Autoencoders
• Continued Brightening of the Afterglow of GW170817/GRB 170817A as due to a Delayed Energy Injection
• A Globular Cluster Luminosity Function Distance to NGC 4993 Hosting a Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817/GRB 170817A
• Dynamic Scheduling: Target of Opportunity Observations of Gravitational Wave Events
• The Palomar Transient Factory Sky2Night programme
• Modeling kilonova afterglows: Effects of the thermal electron population and interaction with GRB outflows
• Nucleosynthesis in outflows of compact objects and detection prospects of associated kilonovae
• Emergence hour-by-hour of $r$-process features in the kilonova AT2017gfo
• The impact of r-process heating on the dynamics of neutron star merger accretion disc winds and their electromagnetic radiation
• MAXI upper limits of the electromagnetic counterpart of GW170817
• Gravitational-wave memory from a propagating relativistic jet: a probe of the interior of gamma-ray burst progenitors
• Constraint on the radius of five-dimensional dS spacetime with GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• On GW170817 and the Galactic Binary Neutron Star Population
• Equation of state of nuclear matter and neutron stars: Quark mean-field model versus relativistic mean-field model
• Early Solar System $r$-process Abundances Limit Collapsar Origin
• Diagnosing the remnants of binary neutron star merger from GW170817/GRB170817A event
• Did GW170817 harbor a pulsar?
• Scattered Short Gamma-Ray Bursts as Electromagnetic Counterparts to Gravitational Waves and Implications of GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• Multi-messenger Gravitational Lensing
• Transient Survey Rates for Orphan Afterglows from Compact Merger Jets
• Cosmological constraints from low-redshift data
• Afterglow light curves of the non-relativistic ejecta mass in a stratified circumstellar medium
• The relative contribution to heavy metals production from binary neutron star mergers and neutron star-black hole mergers
• Radioactively-Powered Gamma-Ray Transient Associated with a Kilonova from Neutron Star Merger
• Central engine of GRB170817A: Neutron star versus Kerr black hole based on multimessenger calorimetry and event timing
• Emergent modified gravity coupled to scalar matter
• Radio Forensics Could Unmask Nearby Off-axis Gamma-ray Bursts
• TiDES: The 4MOST Time Domain Extragalactic Survey
• Target of Opportunity Observations Detectability of Kilonovae with WFST
• On Propagation of Energy Flux in de Sitter Spacetime
• Radio Afterglows from Compact Binary Coalescences: Prospects for Next-Generation Telescopes
• Constraints on the dense matter equation of state and neutron star properties from NICER's mass-radius estimate of PSR J0740+6620 and multimessenger observations
• An Empirical Study of Contamination in Deep, Rapid, and Wide-Field Optical Follow-Up of Gravitational Wave Events
• Characterization of low-significance gravitational-wave compact binary sources
• Optical follow-up observation for GW event S190510g using Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam
• Disk formation in the collapse of supramassive neutron stars
• Panning for gold, but finding helium: discovery of the ultra-stripped supernova SN2019wxt from gravitational-wave follow-up observations
• HAFFET: Hybrid Analytic Flux FittEr for Transients
• GRB 170817A: a short GRB seen off-axis
• Observing the dark sector
• Neutron stars and stellar mergers as a laboratory for dense QCD matter
• Late-Time Afterglow from Double-Sided Structured Jets: Application to GRB 170817A
• Effects of nuclear matter properties in neutron star mergers
• GECKO Optical Follow-up Observation of Three Binary Black Hole Merger Events: GW190408_181802, GW190412, and GW190503_185404
• Local probes strongly favor $\Lambda$CDM against power-law and $R_h=ct$ universe
• The Panchromatic Afterglow of GW170817: The full uniform dataset, modeling, comparison with previous results and implications
• Calibration of the Advanced Spectral Leakage scheme for neutron star merger simulations, and extension to smoothed-particle hydrodynamics
• GROWTH on S190426c II: GROWTH-India Telescope search for an optical counterpart with a custom image reduction and candidate vetting pipeline
• Long-duration transient, gravitational-wave search pipeline
• The impact of turbulent mixing on the galactic r-process enrichment by binary neutron star mergers
• A multi-dimensional implementation of the Advanced Spectral neutrino Leakage scheme
• Observational implications of lowering the LIGO-Virgo alert threshold
• Web application for galaxy-targeted follow-up of electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave sources
• Description of atypical bursts seen slightly off-axis
• Short duration gamma-ray bursts and their outflows in light of GW170817
• The luminosity functions of kilonovae from binary neutron star mergers under different equation of states
• The puzzling long GRB 191019A: Evidence for Kilonova Light
• New methods to assess and improve LIGO detector duty cycle
• Handing off the outcome of binary neutron star mergers for accurate and long-term post-merger simulations
• Electromagnetic Emission post Spinning Black Hole-Magnetized Neutron Star Mergers
• An optimised gravitational wave follow-up strategy with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
• Testing the anisotropy of the universe using the simulated gravitational wave events from advanced LIGO and Virgo
• Gravitational Waves and Degrees of Freedom in Higher Derivative Gravity
• Exclusion of standard $\hslash \omega$ gravitons by LIGO observation
• GRB 170817A Afterglow from a Relativistic Electron-Positron Pair Wind Observed Off-axis
• Optimal Optical Search Strategy for Finding Transient in Large Sky Error Region Under Realistic Constraints
• Postmerger multimessenger analysis of binary neutron stars: Effect of the magnetic field strength and topology
• Gravitational wave triggered searches for high-energy neutrinos from binary neutron star mergers: prospects for next generation detectors
• Line Expansion Opacity in Relativistically Expanding Media
• On the Role of Muons in Binary Neutron Star Mergers: First Simulations
• Rapid localization of gravitational wave hosts with FIGARO
• Formation of GW230529 from Isolated Binary Evolution
• r-Process Nucleosynthesis and Radioactively Powered Transients from Magnetar Giant Flares
• r-Process enrichment in the Galactic halo characterized by nucleosynthesis variation in the ejecta of coalescing neutron star binaries
• Dark-siren Cosmology with Decihertz Gravitational-wave Detectors
• A Search for IceCube sub-TeV Neutrinos Correlated with Gravitational-Wave Events Detected By LIGO/Virgo
• In search of short gamma-ray burst optical counterpart with the Zwicky Transient Facility
• Secular Outflows from Long-Lived Neutron Star Merger Remnants
• Canonical transformation path to gauge theories of gravity II --- Spacetime coupling of spin-0 and spin-1 particle fields
• J-GEM optical and near-infrared follow-up of gravitational wave events during LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run
• GRB 111005A at Z = 0.0133 and the Prospect of Establishing Long-short GRB/GW Association
• Swift/UVOT: 18 Years of Long GRB Discoveries and Advances
• Prospects of Gravitational Wave Follow-up Through a Wide-field Ultra-violet Satellite: a Dorado Case Study
• Element formation in radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of kilonovae
• Shortcut in codimension-2 brane cosmology in light of GW170817
• Polarization of the first-hour macronovae
• Constraints on the frequency and mass content of r-process events derived from turbulent mixing in galactic disks
• SAGUARO: Time-domain Infrastructure for the Fourth Gravitational-wave Observing Run and Beyond
• Europium enrichment and hierarchical formation of the Galactic halo
• Impact of jets on kilonova photometric and polarimetric emission from binary neutron star mergers
• Horndeski Proca stars with vector hair
• Ultrahigh-energy neutrino searches using next-generation gravitational wave detectors at radio neutrino detectors: GRAND, IceCube-Gen2 Radio, and RNO-G
• XKN: a Semi-analytic Framework for the Modelling of Kilonovae
• Revisiting the Parameter Space of Binary Neutron Star Merger Event GW170817
• KilonovAE: Exploring Kilonova Spectral Features with Autoencoders
• Gamma-rays from kilonovae and the cosmic gamma-ray background
• Forecasting Gamma-Ray Bursts using Gravitational Waves
• Where binary neutron stars merge: predictions from IllustrisTNG
• Inferring kilonova population properties with a hierarchical Bayesian framework I : Non-detection methodology and single-event analyses
• A rapidly declining transient discovered with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam
• A Nuclear Equation of State Inferred from Stellar r-process Abundances
• Constraining the host galaxy halos of massive black holes from LISA event rates
• Nuclear-Physics Multi-Messenger Astrophysics Constraints on the Neutron-Star Equation of State: Adding NICER's PSR J0740+6620 Measurement
• Synthetic radio images of structured GRB and kilonova afterglows
• Follow-up survey for the binary black hole merger GW200224_222234 using Subaru/HSC and GTC/OSIRIS
• MONDified Gravity
• Quasi-periodic oscillation in short gamma-ray bursts from black hole-neutron star mergers
• Delineating the properties of matter in cold, dense QCD
• Results from the Pan-STARRS Search for Kilonovae: Contamination by Massive Stellar Outbursts
• Kilonova evolution -- the rapid emergence of spectral features
• Bayesian real-time classification of multi-messenger electromagnetic and gravitational-wave observations
• Nonthermal afterglow of the binary neutron star merger GW170817: a more natural modeling of electron energy distribution leads to a qualitatively different new solution
• The electromagnetic and gravitational-wave radiations of X-ray transient CDF-S XT2
• A Possible kilonova powered by magnetic wind from a newborn black hole
• Prospects for detecting neutron star-white dwarf mergers with decihertz gravitational-wave observatories
• HERMES: Gamma Ray Burst and Gravitational Wave counterpart hunter
• Multi-messenger astronomy with a Southern-Hemisphere gravitational-wave observatory
• Helium features are inconsistent with the spectral evolution of the kilonova AT2017gfo
• Cocoon shock breakout emission from binary neutron star mergers
• Foraging with MUSHROOMS: A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Scheduler for Multimessenger Target of Opportunity Searches with the Zwicky Transient Facility
• Search for radio remnants of nearby off-axis Gamma-Ray Bursts in a sample of Swift/BAT events
• Photospheric velocity evolution of SN 2020bvc: signature of $r$-process nucleosynthesis from a collapsar
• Prompt emission from the counter jet of a short gamma-ray burst
• Kilonova emission from black hole-neutron star mergers: observational signatures of anisotropic mass ejection
• Effects of vertical advection on multimessenger signatures of black hole neutrino-dominated accretion flows in compact binary coalescences
• Gravitational waves from inspiralling compact binaries in conformal gravity
• Kilonova Light-Curve Interpolation with Neural Networks
• High-energy neutrino signatures from pulsar remnants of binary neutron-star mergers: coincident detection prospects with gravitational waves
• Discovery of a pair of very metal-poor stars enriched in neutron-capture elements: The proto-disk r-II star BPS CS 29529-0089 and the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus r-I star TYC 9219-2422-1
• Estimating Hubble Constant with Gravitational Observations: A Concise Review
• Early soft X-ray to UV emission from double neutron star mergers: implications from the long-term radio and X-ray emissions of GW 170817
• Self-Supervised Clustering on Image-Subtracted Data with Deep-Embedded Self-Organizing Map
• Simulating Kilonovae in the ΛCDM Universe
• A magnetically driven origin for the low luminosity GRB 170817A associated with GW170817
• AT2019wxt: An ultra-stripped supernova candidate discovered in electromagnetic follow-up of a gravitational wave trigger
• Does Gravity Fall Down? Evidence for Gravitational Wave Deflection Along the Line of Sight to GW 170817
• VLT/MUSE and ATCA observations of the host galaxy of the short GRB 080905A at z=0.122
• Prospects of probing dark energy with eLISA: Standard versus null diagnostics
• A search for kilonova radio flares in a sample of Swift/BAT short GRBs
• Multi-messenger observations in the Einstein Telescope era: binary neutron star and black hole - neutron star mergers
• X- and Gamma-ray astrophysics in the era of Multi-messenger astronomy
• Gravitoelectromagnetic quadrirefringence
• IIb or not IIb: A Catalog of ZTF Kilonova Imposters
• LOFAR observations of gravitational wave merger events: O3 results and O4 strategy
• 2D End-to-End Modeling of Kilonovae from Binary Neutron Star Merger Remnants
• Gravitational Waves from Supernova Mass Loss and Natal Kicks in Close Binaries
• Multi-Resolution HEALPix Maps for Multi-Wavelength and Multi-Messenger Astronomy
• Investigating the detection rates and inference of gravitational-wave and radio emission from black hole neutron star mergers
• Optimal Gravitational-wave Follow-up Tiling Strategies Using a Genetic Algorithm
• Shock acceleration of electrons and synchrotron emission from the dynamical ejecta of neutron star mergers
• Modeling the Multi-band Light Curves of the Afterglows of Three Gamma-Ray Bursts and Their Associated Supernovae
• Emergent modified gravity: Polarized Gowdy model on a torus
• Gravitational waves induced by the asymmetric jets of gamma-ray bursts
• Oscillating solutions of the matter density contrast in Horndeski's theory
• Galactic Effects on Habitability
• Compact binary merger and kilonova: outflows from remnant disc
• Constraining the $f$-mode oscillations frequency in Neutron Stars through Universal Relations in the realm of Energy-Momentum Squared Gravity
• Constraining parameters of low mass merging compact binary systems with Einstein Telescope alone
• Multi-messenger standard-siren cosmology for third-generation gravitational-wave detectors: forecasts considering observations of gamma-ray bursts and kilonovae
• Optimal Follow-Up of Gravitational-Wave Events with the UltraViolet EXplorer (UVEX)
• Testing the weak equivalence principle with the binary neutron star merger GW170817: the gravitational contribution of the host galaxy
• Subsequent Nonthermal Emission due to the Kilonova Ejecta in GW 170817
• WINTER on S250206dm: A near-infrared search for an electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational-wave event
• GRB Afterglow of the Sub-relativistic Materials with Energy Injection
• Interpolated kilonova spectra models: necessity for a phenomenological, blue component in the fitting of AT2017gfo spectra
• Multi-scale VLBI observations of the candidate host galaxy of GRB 200716C
• New measures to test modified gravity cosmologies
• Constraining the effective field theory of dark energy with multimessenger astronomy
• Limiting the Number of Extra Dimensions with Shortcuts
• An Analytic Description of Electron Thermalization in Kilonovae Ejecta
• Modeling the fast optical transient SN 2019bkc/ATLAS19dqr with a central engine and implication for its origin
• Methods for relativistic self-gravitating fluids: From binary neutron stars to black hole-disks and magnetized rotating neutron stars
• Optimized Radio Follow Up of Binary Neutron-Star Mergers
• Spacetime Curvature as a Probe of Exotic Core Phases in Neutron Stars within Modified Gravity
• Sensing and vetoing loud transient noises for the gravitational-wave detection
• Identification of Strongly Lensed Gravitational Wave Events Using Squeeze-and-Excitation Multilayer Perceptron Data-efficient Image Transformer
• A Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray View of the Transient Sky
• Binary Neutron Star (BNS) merger: What we learned from relativistic ejecta of GW/GRB~170817A
• Electromagnetic Follow-up to Gravitational Wave Events with the UltraViolet EXplorer (UVEX)
• What to expect: kilonova light curve predictions via equation of state marginalization
• An Archival Search for Neutron-Star Mergers in Gravitational Waves and Very-High-Energy Gamma Rays
• Kilonova-Targeting Lightcurve Classification for Wide Field Survey Telescope
• Long Journey toward the Detection of Gravitational Waves and New Era of Gravitational Wave Astrophysics
• Event Rate of Fast Radio Burst from Binary Neutron-star Mergers
• Double neutron star formation via consecutive type II supernova explosions
• High-energy emissions from neutron star mergers
• The Gravitational-wave Optical Transient Observer (GOTO): prototype performance and prospects for transient science
• Shared Properties of Merger-driven Long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts
• An Online Framework for Fitting Fast Transient Lightcurves
• RADAR-Radio Afterglow Detection and AI-driven Response: A Federated Framework for Gravitational Wave Event Follow-Up
• Multi-Messenger Astrophysics with THESEUS in the 2030s
• The restriction of ${\sigma }^{\ast }$ and $\varphi$ on the protoneutron stars PSR J0348+0432
• Constraining the ejecta for the nonthermal emission from GW170817
• A constraint on superheavy elements of the GRB-kilonova AT 2023vfi
• El-CID: A filter for Gravitational-wave Electromagnetic Counterpart Identification
• Equation of State of Decompressed Quark Matter, and Observational Signatures of Quark-Star Mergers
• Rapid Hierarchical Inference of Neutron Star Equation of State from multiple Gravitational Wave Observations of Binary Neutron Star Coalescences
• On the use of galaxy catalogs in gravitational-wave parameter estimation
• Features and prospects for kilonova remnant detection with current and future surveys
• Plasma Instabilities Dominate Radioactive Transients Magnetic Fields: The self-confinement of leptons in Type Ia and Core-Collapse Supernovae, and Kilonovae
• Gravitational Waves and Electromagnetic Transients
• Impact of in situ nuclear networks and atomic opacities on neutron star merger ejecta dynamics, nucleosynthesis, and kilonovae
• Enhancing gravitational-wave host localization with SKYFAST: rapid volume and inclination angle reconstruction
• Studying newborn neutron stars by the transient emission after stellar collapses and compact binary mergers
• Evolutionary tracks of binary neutron star progenitors across cosmic times
• Light Travel Time Effects in Kilonova Models
• Machine-directed gravitational-wave counterpart discovery
• Detection probability of light compact binary mergers in future observing runs of the current ground-based gravitational wave detector network
• Gravitational physics in the context of Indian astronomy: A vision document
• 3D Localization of FRB 20190425A for Its Potential Host Galaxy and Implications
• Distribution of Europium in The Milky Way Disk; Its Connection to Planetary Habitability and The Source of The R-Process
• Adding Gamma-ray Polarimetry to the Multi-Messenger Era
• Challenging a binary neutron star merger interpretation of GW230529
• Cosmic evolution in DHOST theories with scaling solutions
• Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Astrophysical Sources: Theory, Detection, and Applications
• Simulation Study on Constraining GW Propagation Speed by GW and GRB Joint Observation on Binary Neutron Star Mergers
• Prospects for Observing and Localizing Gravitational-Wave Transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA
• Illuminating the Mass Gap Through Deep Optical Constraint on a Neutron Star Merger Candidate S250206dm
• Does a long-lived remnant neutron star exist after short gamma-ray burst GRB 160821B?
• Chiral Effective Field Theory's Impact on Advancing Quantum Monte Carlo Methods
• Measurement of the Hubble constant using the Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Gold galaxy catalogue and the fourth Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogue
• ASAS-SN search for optical counterparts of gravitational-wave events from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO/Virgo
• Probing millisecond magnetar formation in binary neutron star mergers through X-ray follow-up of gravitational wave alerts
• Kilohertz Gravitational Waves from Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Full Spectrum Analyses and High-density Constraints on Neutron Star Matter
• Exploring Composition Mixing in Kilonova Ejecta with Ray-by-ray Simulations
• Kilonova and progenitor properties of merger-driven gamma-ray bursts
• Constraining the quantum gravity polymer scale using LIGO data
• Neutron star evolution by combining discontinuous Galerkin and finite volume methods
• Gamma-ray bursts at extremely small fluence
• On the hosts of neutron star mergers in the nearby Universe
• Light curves and polarizations of gravitationally lensed kilonovae
• Optimising the observation of optical kilonovae with medium size telescopes
• Host galaxies and electromagnetic counterparts to binary neutron star mergers across the cosmic time: Detectability of GW170817-like events
• Deep ATCA and VLA radio observations of short-GRB host galaxies. Constraints on star-formation rates, afterglow flux, and kilonova radio flares
• Electromagnetic Precursors to Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Kinetic Simulations of Magnetospheric Flaring
• Inverse compton scattered merger-nova: late X-ray counterpart of gravitational wave signals from NS-NS/BH mergers
• Toward a Unified Understanding of the Dense Matter Equation of State
• Radial perturbations of scalar-Gauss-Bonnet black holes beyond spontaneous scalarization
• The thermal index of neutron-star matter in the virial approximation
• Generalized Linear Models of T${}_{90}$-T${}_{50}$ relation to classify GRBs
• Modelling the host galaxies of binary compact object mergers with observational scaling relations
• Similar Fermi-GBM sGRBs to GW/sGRB 170817A in MeV-GeV energies
• Gamma-ray Bursts
• Novae breves from magnetar giant flares: Potential probes of neutron star crusts
• Incorporating a radiative hydrodynamics scheme in the numerical-relativity code BAM
• Astrophysical or Terrestrial: Machine learning classification of gravitational-wave candidates using multiple-search information
• Las Cumbres Observatory Gravitational-Wave Follow-up in the Third and Fourth Observing Runs: Strengths and Weaknesses of a Rapid Response Galaxy Targeted Strategy
• A Study of Systematics on the Cosmological Inference of the Hubble Constant from Gravitational Wave Standard Sirens
• On the use of CHIME to Detect Long-Duration Radio Transients from Neutron Star Mergers
• Identifying Host Galaxies of Binary Black Hole Mergers with Next-Generation Gravitational Wave Detector Networks
• Early Warning From Eccentric Compact Binaries: Template Initialization And Sub-dominant Mode Effects
• A DESGW Search for the Electromagnetic Counterpart to the LIGO/Virgo Gravitational Wave Binary Neutron Star Merger Candidate S190510g
• Constraints on the Neutron Star Equation of State from GW170817
• Gravitational wave optical counterpart searching based on GRAWITA and DLT40 project during LIGO O2 run