The binary-host connection: astrophysics of gravitational wave binaries from their host galaxy properties

Abstract

Gravitational waves produced from the merger of binary neutron stars (BNSs) are accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts, making it possible to identify the associated host galaxy. We explore how properties of the host galaxies relate to the astrophysical processes leading to the mergers. It is thought that the BNS merger rate within a galaxy at a given epoch depends primarily on the galaxy's star-formation history as well as the underlying merger time-delay distribution of the binary systems. The stellar history of a galaxy, meanwhile, depends on the cosmological evolution of the galaxy through time, and is tied to the growth of structure in the Universe. We study the hosts of BNS mergers in the context of structure formation by populating the Universe Machine simulations with gravitational-wave events~ according to a simple time-delay model. We find that different time-delay distributions predict different properties of the associated host galaxies, including the distributions of stellar mass, star-formation rate, halo mass, and local and large-scale clustering of hosts. BNSs that merge today with short delay times prefer to be in hosts that have high star-formation rates, while those with long delay times live in dense regions within massive halos that have low star formation. We show that with $\mathcal{O}(10)$ events from current gravitational-wave detector networks, it is possible to make preliminary distinctions between formation channels which trace stellar mass, halo mass, or star-formation rate. We also find that strategies to follow up gravitational-wave events with electromagnetic telescopes can be significantly optimized using the clustering properties of their hosts.

arXiv comment13 pages, 9 figures, to be submitted to ApJ

References in corpus (83)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• The physical properties of star forming galaxies in the low redshift universe
• The Average Star Formation Histories of Galaxies in Dark Matter Halos from z=0-8
• Binary interaction dominates the evolution of massive stars
• An analytic model for the spatial clustering of dark matter haloes
• The Rockstar Phase-Space Temporal Halo Finder and the Velocity Offsets of Cluster Cores
• Characterization of the LIGO detectors during their sixth science run
• UniverseMachine: The Correlation between Galaxy Growth and Dark Matter Halo Assembly from z=0-10
• A gravitational-wave standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant
• Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source
• The Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP Survey: Overview and Survey Design
• Halos and galaxies in the standard cosmological model: results from the Bolshoi simulation
• The Dark Side of the Halo Occupation Distribution
• Galaxy bimodality versus stellar mass and environment
• Reionization and the abundance of galactic satellites
• The Connection between Galaxies and their Dark Matter Halos
• Using gravitational-wave standard sirens
• Double Compact Objects I: The Significance Of The Common Envelope On Merger Rates
• Formation of Double Neutron Star Systems
• Linking halo mass to galaxy luminosity
• The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. I. Dark Energy Camera Discovery of the Optical Counterpart
• Stellar Feedback in Galaxies and the Origin of Galaxy-scale Winds
• The Dependence of Halo Clustering on Halo Formation History, Concentration, and Occupation
• Connecting Galaxies, Halos, and Star Formation Rates Across Cosmic Time
• A 2 per cent Hubble constant measurement from standard sirens within 5 years
• The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/VIRGO GW170817. V. Rising X-ray Emission from an Off-Axis Jet
• Assembly bias in the clustering of dark matter haloes
• Halo assembly bias and its effects on galaxy clustering
• The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/VIRGO GW170817. VI. Radio Constraints on a Relativistic Jet and Predictions for Late-Time Emission from the Kilonova Ejecta
• The Locations of Short Gamma-ray Bursts as Evidence for Compact Object Binary Progenitors
• Stellar mass -- halo mass relation and star formation efficiency in high-mass halos
• A Catalog of Globular Cluster Systems: What Determines the Size of a Galaxy's Globular Cluster Population?
• Short GRB and binary black hole standard sirens as a probe of dark energy
• On the formation history of Galactic double neutron stars
• Closing in on a Short-Hard Burst Progenitor: Constraints from Early-Time Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy of a Possible Host Galaxy of GRB 050509b
• Halo Assembly Bias in Hierarchical Structure Formation
• Galactic distribution of merging neutron stars and black holes - prospects for short GRB progenitors and LIGO/VIRGO
• Does the Black Hole Merger Rate Evolve with Redshift?
• Toward Complete Statistics of Massive Binary Stars: Penultimate Results from the Cygnus OB2 Radial Velocity Survey
• Star Formation in Cluster Galaxies at 0.2<z<0.55
• The Nature of Compact Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field (II): Spectroscopic Properties and Implications for the Evolution of the Star Formation Rate Density of the Universe
• A standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant from GW170817 without the electromagnetic counterpart
• Galaxy Groups within 3500 km s${}^{-1}$
• Going the Distance: Mapping Host Galaxies of LIGO and Virgo Sources in Three Dimensions Using Local Cosmography and Targeted Follow-up
• The Spatial Distribution of Coalescing Neutron Star Binaries: Implications for Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Population Synthesis for Neutron Star Systems with Intrinsic Kicks
• The environment of the binary neutron star merger GW170817
• Formation and coalescence of relativistic binary stars: effect of kick velocity
• A New Population of High Redshift Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Short gamma-ray bursts from binary neutron star mergers in globular clusters
• On the Rate of Neutron Star Binary Mergers from Globular Clusters
• The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/VIRGO GW170817. VII. Properties of the Host Galaxy and Constraints on the Merger Timescale
• Dark Matter Halos in Galaxies and Globular Cluster Populations
• The Stellar Ages and Masses of Short GRB Host Galaxies: Investigating the Progenitor Delay Time Distribution and the Role of Mass and Star Formation in the Short GRB Rate
• A luminous blue kilonova and an off-axis jet from a compact binary merger at z=0.1341
• First Cosmology Results Using Type Ia Supernovae From the Dark Energy Survey: Analysis, Systematic Uncertainties, and Validation
• The Galaxy Hosts and Large-Scale Environments of Short-Hard Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/VIRGO GW170817. VIII. A Comparison to Cosmological Short-duration Gamma-ray Bursts
• Measuring the star formation rate with gravitational waves from binary black holes
• Optical Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Events with Las Cumbres Observatory
• Short GRBs and Mergers of Compact Objects: Observational Constraints
• Host galaxies of merging compact objects: mass, star formation rate, metallicity and colours
• Double Neutron Star Populations and Formation Channels
• When and where did GW150914 form?
• A Putative Early-Type Host Galaxy for GRB 060502B: Implications for the Progenitors of Short-Duration Hard-Spectrum Bursts
• Evidence for Dynamically Driven Formation of the GW170817 Neutron Star Binary in NGC 4993
• Counting Black Holes: The Cosmic Stellar Remnant Population and Implications for LIGO
• Distance and properties of NGC 4993 as the host galaxy of a gravitational wave source, GW170817
• The Old Host-Galaxy Environment of SSS17a, the First Electromagnetic Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source
• Standard Siren Speeds: Improving velocities in gravitational-wave measurements of $H_0$
• The Distribution of Coalescing Compact Binaries in the Local Universe: Prospects for Gravitational-Wave Observations
• Merger Sites of Double Neutron Stars and their Host Galaxies
• Optimising gravitational waves follow-up using galaxies stellar mass
• Measuring the delay time distribution of binary neutron stars. II. Using the redshift distribution from third-generation gravitational wave detectors network
• The host galaxies of double compact objects across cosmic time
• Measuring the delay time distribution of binary neutron stars. I. Through Scaling Relations of the Host Galaxies of Gravitational Wave Events
• Facilitating follow-up of LIGO-Virgo events using rapid sky localization
• Redshift Space Distortion of 21cm line at 1<z<5 with Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations
• On the Host Galaxy of GRB 150101B and the Associated Active Galactic Nucleus
• Using Galaxy Formation Simulations to optimise LIGO Follow-Up Observations

Cited by in corpus (20)

• GLADE+: An Extended Galaxy Catalogue for Multimessenger Searches with Advanced Gravitational-wave Detectors
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• A deep survey of short GRB host galaxies over $z\sim 0-2$: implications for offsets, redshifts, and environments
• The Heraklion Extragalactic Catalogue (HECATE): a value-added galaxy catalogue for multi-messenger astrophysics
• Cosmology with Standard Sirens at Cosmic Noon
• Observational Inference on the Delay Time Distribution of Short Gamma-ray Bursts
• Detectability and parameter estimation of stellar origin black hole binaries with next generation gravitational wave detectors
• Probing gravity and growth of structure with gravitational waves and galaxies' peculiar velocity
• The impact of natal kicks on galactic r-process enrichment by neutron star mergers
• Gravitational waves from the remnants of the first stars in nuclear star clusters
• Gravitational-wave dark siren cosmology systematics from galaxy weighting
• Inferring host-galaxy properties of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's black holes
• Exploring binary black hole mergers and host galaxies with Shark and COMPAS
• LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's Oldest Black Holes: Probing star formation at cosmic noon with GWTC-3
• Towards a Precision Measurement of Binary Black Holes Formation Channels Using Gravitational Waves and Emission Lines
• Where binary neutron stars merge: predictions from IllustrisTNG
• The Spatially Resolved Properties of the GW170817 Host Galaxy
• Measurement of the Hubble constant using the Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Gold galaxy catalogue and the fourth Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogue
• Modelling the host galaxies of binary compact object mergers with observational scaling relations
• Host galaxies and electromagnetic counterparts to binary neutron star mergers across the cosmic time: Detectability of GW170817-like events