Probing gravity and growth of structure with gravitational waves and galaxies' peculiar velocity

Abstract

The low-redshift velocity field is a unique probe of the growth of cosmic structure and gravity. We propose to use distances from gravitational wave (GW) detections, in conjunction with the redshifts of their host galaxies from wide field spectroscopic surveys (e.g. DESI, 4MOST, TAIPAN), to measure peculiar motions within the local Universe. Such measurement has the potential to constrain the growth rate $f{\sigma }_8$ and test gravity through determination of the gravitational growth index $\gamma$, complementing constraints from other peculiar velocity measurements. We find that binary neutron star mergers with associated counterpart at $z\lesssim 0.2$ that will be detected by the Einstein Telescope (ET) will be able to constrain $f{\sigma }_8$ to $\sim 3\%$ precision after $10$ years of operations when combined with galaxy overdensities from DESI and TAIPAN. If a larger network of third generation GW detectors is available (e.g. including the Cosmic Explorer), the same constraints can be reached over a shorter timescale ($\sim 5$ years for a 3 detectors network). The same events (plus information from their hosts' redshifts) can constrain $\gamma$ to ${\sigma }_{\gamma }\lesssim 0.04$. This constraint is precise enough to discern General Relativity from other popular gravity models at $3\sigma$. This constraint is improved to ${\sigma }_{\gamma }\sim 0.02-0.03$ when combined with galaxy overdensities. The potential of combining galaxies' peculiar velocities with gravitational wave detections for cosmology highlights the need for extensive optical to near--infrared follow--up of nearby gravitational wave events, or exquisite GW localization, in the next decade.

12 pages, 3 Figures

References in corpus (49)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• GW190425: Observation of a Compact Binary Coalescence with Total Mass $\sim 3.4M_{\odot }$
• The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design
• Exploring the Sensitivity of Next Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors
• A gravitational-wave standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant
• Origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational wave event
• Dark Energy after GW170817: dead ends and the road ahead
• Strong constraints on cosmological gravity from GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• Science with ASKAP - the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
• First measurement of the Hubble constant from a dark standard siren using the Dark Energy Survey galaxies and the LIGO/Virgo binary-black-hole merger GW170814
• The Clustering of the SDSS Main Galaxy Sample II: Mock galaxy catalogues and a measurement of the growth of structure from Redshift Space Distortions at $z=0.15$
• Determination of Dark Energy by the Einstein Telescope: Comparing with CMB, BAO and SNIa Observations
• Anisotropic stress as signature of non-standard propagation of gravitational waves
• Estimating cosmological parameters by the simulated data of gravitational waves from the Einstein Telescope
• SFI++ I: A New I-band Tully-Fisher Template, the Cluster Peculiar Velocity Dispersion and H0
• Reducing the weak lensing noise for the gravitational wave Hubble diagram using the non-Gaussianity of the magnification distribution
• A statistical standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant from the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave compact object merger GW190814 and Dark Energy Survey galaxies
• Cosmic flows in the nearby Universe: new peculiar velocities from SNe and cosmological constraints
• Improved constraints on H0 from a combined analysis of gravitational-wave and electromagnetic emission from GW170817
• Standard sirens with a running Planck mass
• Velocity correction for Hubble constant measurements from standard sirens
• Beyond Concordance Cosmology with Magnification of Gravitational-Wave Standard Sirens
• 2MTF VI. Measuring the velocity power spectrum
• Gravitational wave lensing beyond general relativity: birefringence, echoes and shadows
• How Many Kilonovae Can Be Found in Past, Present, and Future Survey Datasets?
• Cosmological Forecasts for Combined and Next Generation Peculiar Velocity Surveys
• Evidence for Dynamically Driven Formation of the GW170817 Neutron Star Binary in NGC 4993
• Standard Siren Speeds: Improving velocities in gravitational-wave measurements of $H_0$
• The Impact of Peculiar Velocities on the Estimation of the Hubble Constant from Gravitational Wave Standard Sirens
• The clustering of the SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey DR14 LRG sample: structure growth rate measurement from the anisotropic LRG correlation function in the redshift range 0.6 < z < 1.0
• Improving constraints on the growth rate of structure by modelling the density-velocity cross-correlation in the 6dF Galaxy Survey
• Measuring the growth rate of structure with Type IA Supernovae from LSST
• Constraining Scalar-Tensor Modified Gravity with Gravitational Waves and Large Scale Structure Surveys
• Cross-correlating galaxy catalogs and gravitational waves: a tomographic approach
• Gravitational Wave mergers as tracers of Large Scale Structures
• Constraining the observer angle of the kilonova AT2017gfo associated with GW170817: Implications for the Hubble constant
• 4MOST Consortium Survey 10: The Time-Domain Extragalactic Survey (TiDES)
• Finding the One: Identifying the Host Galaxies of Gravitational-Wave Sources
• Complementarity of Peculiar Velocity Surveys and Redshift Space Distortions for Testing Gravity
• The Three Faces of Omega_m: Testing Gravity with Low and High Redshift SN Ia Surveys
• The binary-host connection: astrophysics of gravitational wave binaries from their host galaxy properties
• The distant, galaxy cluster environment of the short GRB 161104A at $z\sim 0.8$ and a comparison to the short GRB host population
• Peculiar Velocities into the Next Generation: Cosmological Parameters From Large Surveys without Bias from Nonlinear Structure
• Analyzing clustering of astrophysical gravitational-wave sources: Luminosity-distance space distortions
• Testing Gravity Using Type Ia Supernovae Discovered by Next-Generation Wide-Field Imaging Surveys
• Limited Modified Gravity
• Constraining properties of neutron star merger outflows with radio observations
• Multi-Messenger Astronomy with Extremely Large Telescopes

Cited by in corpus (20)

• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• A standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant using gravitational wave events from the first three LIGO/Virgo observing runs and the DESI Legacy Survey
• Quasi-periodic Eruptions from Helium Envelope of Hydrogen-deficient Stars Stripped by Supermassive Black Holes
• Target Selection for the DESI Peculiar Velocity Survey
• Cosmography with next-generation gravitational wave detectors
• GW190521 from the Merger of Ultra-Dwarf Galaxies
• Joint velocity and density reconstruction of the Universe with nonlinear differentiable forward modeling
• Analyzing clustering of astrophysical gravitational-wave sources: Luminosity-distance space distortions
• Joint reconstructions of growth and expansion histories from stage-IV surveys with minimal assumptions. II. Modified gravity and massive neutrinos
• Is GW170817 a Multimessenger Neutron Star-Primordial Black Hole Merger?
• The 6x2pt method: supernova velocities meet multiple tracers
• The lure of sirens: joint distance and velocity measurements with third generation detectors
• Mapping the inhomogeneous Universe with Standard Sirens: Degeneracy between inhomogeneity and modified gravity theories
• A model-independent tripartite test of cosmic distance relations
• Unveiling the Universe with Emerging Cosmological Probes
• Cross-correlating radial peculiar velocities and CMB lensing convergence
• Model Independent Dark Matter Properties from Cosmic Growth
• Detector induced anisotropies on the angular distribution of gravitational wave sources and opportunities of constraining horizon scale anisotropies
• SOAR/Goodman Spectroscopic Assessment of Candidate Counterparts of the LIGO-Virgo Event GW190814