Inferring the population properties of binary neutron stars with gravitational-wave measurements of spin

Abstract

The recent LIGO-Virgo detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral event GW170817 and the discovery of its accompanying electromagnetic signals mark a new era for multimessenger astronomy. In the coming years, advanced gravitational-wave detectors are likely to detect tens to hundreds of similar events. Neutron stars in binaries can possess significant spin, which is imprinted on the gravitational waveform via the effective spin parameter ${\chi }_{\text{eff}}$. We explore the astrophysical inferences made possible by gravitational-wave measurements of ${\chi }_{\text{eff}}$. First, using a fiducial model informed by radio observations, we estimate that $\approx 15-30\%$ of binary neutron stars should have spins measurable at $\gtrsim 90\%$ confidence level by advanced detectors assuming the spin axis of the recycled neutron star aligns with the total orbital angular momentum of the binary. Second, using Bayesian inference, we show that it is possible to tell whether or not the spin axis of the recycled neutron star tends to be aligned with the binary orbit using $\gtrsim 30$ detections. Finally, interesting constraints can be placed on neutron star magnetic field decay after $\gtrsim 300$ detections, if the spin periods and magnetic field strengths of Galactic binary neutron stars are representative of the merging population.

Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D; 14 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables

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• Observation of gravitational waves from two neutron star-black hole coalescences
• Progenitors of gravitational wave mergers: Binary evolution with the stellar grid-based code ComBinE
• Observation of Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a $2.5\text{-}4.5M_{\odot }$ Compact Object and a Neutron Star
• Reconstructing phenomenological distributions of compact binaries via gravitational wave observations
• The mass distribution of Galactic double neutron stars
• SEOBNRv5PHM: Next generation of accurate and efficient multipolar precessing-spin effective-one-body waveforms for binary black holes
• Model comparison from LIGO-Virgo data on GW170817's binary components and consequences for the merger remnant
• The Science Case for LIGO-India
• Gravitational-wave astrophysics with effective-spin measurements: asymmetries and selection biases
• Parallelized Inference for Gravitational-Wave Astronomy
• Mining Gravitational-wave Catalogs To Understand Binary Stellar Evolution: A New Hierarchical Bayesian Framework
• GW190814: Spin and equation of state of a neutron star companion
• A new public code for initial data of unequal-mass, spinning compact-object binaries
• An early warning system for electromagnetic follow-up of gravitational-wave events
• On the origin of GW190425
• Electromagnetic precursors to gravitational wave events: Numerical simulations of flaring in pre-merger binary neutron star magnetospheres
• On the formation of GW190814
• Modelling Neutron Star-Black Hole Binaries: Future Pulsar Surveys and Gravitational Wave Detectors
• First demonstration of early warning gravitational wave alerts
• The Challenges Ahead for Multimessenger Analyses of Gravitational Waves and Kilonova: a Case Study on GW190425
• Measuring the eccentricity of GW170817 and GW190425
• Modelling Double Neutron Stars: Radio and Gravitational Waves
• Measuring precession in asymmetric compact binaries
• Gravitational wave population inference with deep flow-based generative network
• Heavy double neutron stars: birth, mid-life and death
• Multimessenger Binary Mergers Containing Neutron Stars: Gravitational Waves, Jets, and $\mathbf{\gamma }$-Ray Bursts
• Impact of extreme spins and mass ratios on the post-merger observables of high-mass binary neutron stars
• Effect of spin on the inspiral of binary neutron stars
• Impact of high spins on the ejection of mass in GW170817
• Interplay of spin-precession and higher harmonics in the parameter estimation of binary black holes
• Statistical and systematic uncertainties in extracting the source properties of neutron star - black hole binaries with gravitational waves
• Quasi-periodic oscillations in precursor flares via seismic aftershocks from resonant shattering
• Does non-stationary noise in LIGO and Virgo affect the estimation of $H_0$?
• Dynamical tides during the inspiral of rapidly spinning neutron stars: Solutions beyond mode resonance
• Characterizing Astrophysical Binary Neutron Stars with Gravitational Waves
• Jetlike structures in low-mass binary neutron star merger remnants
• New gravitational waveform model for precessing binary neutron stars with double-spin effects
• The interplay of astrophysics and nuclear physics in determining the properties of neutron stars
• Prospects of joint detections of neutron star mergers and short-GRBs with Gaussian structured jets
• The effect of spin mismodeling on gravitational-wave measurements of the binary neutron star mass distribution
• What can PSR J1640-4631 tell us about the internal physics of this neutron star?
• Population properties of neutron stars in the coalescing compact binaries
• Premerger phenomena in neutron-star binary coalescences
• Search for Coincident Gravitational-wave and Fast Radio Burst Events from 4-OGC and the First CHIME/FRB Catalog
• GW170817 event rules out general relativity in favor of vector gravity
• Forecasting Gamma-Ray Bursts using Gravitational Waves
• Measuring spin in coalescing binaries of neutron stars showing double precursors
• Black Hole Mass Function of Coalescing Neutron Star-Black Hole Binary Systems: The Prospect of Reconstruction with the Gravitational Wave Observations
• Nonlinear Alfvén-wave Dynamics and Premerger Emission from Crustal Oscillations in Neutron Star Mergers
• Targeted Search for Gravitational Waves from Highly Spinning Light Compact Binaries
• Binary Neutron Star Merger Search Pipeline Powered by Deep Learning
• Search for Coincident Gravitational Wave and Long Gamma-Ray Bursts from 4-OGC and the Fermi-GBM/Swift-BAT Catalog
• Methods for relativistic self-gravitating fluids: From binary neutron stars to black hole-disks and magnetized rotating neutron stars
• Cosmology with Binary Neutron Stars: Does Mass-Redshift Correlation Matter?
• Gravitational waves from eccentric binary neutron star mergers: Systematic biases and inadequacy of quasicircular templates
• Rapid Hierarchical Inference of Neutron Star Equation of State from multiple Gravitational Wave Observations of Binary Neutron Star Coalescences
• Magnetic amplification in premerger neutron stars through resonance-induced magnetorotational instabilities
• Constraining the Luminosity Function and Delay-Time Distribution of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts for Multimessenger Gravitational-Wave Detection Rate Estimation
• Searching for gravitational waves from compact binary mergers powering long gamma-ray bursts during LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's O3 run
• Rotation-dependent $I$-Love-$Q$-$\delta M$ relations in perturbation theory
• Lightweight posterior construction for gravitational-wave catalogs with the Kolmogorov-Arnold network