The double pulsar: evidence for neutron star formation without an iron core-collapse supernova

Abstract

The double pulsar system PSR J0737-3039A/B is a double neutron star binary, with a 2.4-hour orbital period, which has allowed measurement of relativistic orbital perturbations to high precision. The low mass of the second-formed neutron star, as well as the low system eccentricity and proper motion, point to a different evolutionary scenario compared to most other known double neutron star systems. We describe analysis of the pulse profile shape over 6 years of observations, and present the resulting constraints on the system geometry. We find the recycled pulsar in this system, PSR J0737-3039A, to be a near-orthogonal rotator, with an average separation between its spin and magnetic axes of 90 +/- 11 +/- 5 deg. Furthermore, we find a mean 95% upper limit on the misalignment between its spin and orbital angular momentum axes of 3.2 deg, assuming that the observed emission comes from both magnetic poles. This tight constraint lends credence to the idea that the supernova that formed the second pulsar was relatively symmetric, possibly involving electron-capture onto an O-Ne-Mg core.

12 pages, 2 tables, 5 figures. Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (14)

• Tests of general relativity from timing the double pulsar
• Timing Measurements of the Relativistic Binary Pulsar PSR B1913+16
• Measurement of Orbital Decay in the Double Neutron Star Binary PSR B2127+11C
• Multi-telescope timing of PSR J1518+4904
• Double-core evolution and the formation of neutron-star binaries with compact companions
• High-fidelity radio astronomical polarimetry using a millisecond pulsar as a polarized reference source
• The binary pulsar PSR J1811-1736: evidence of a low amplitude supernova kick
• Constraints on Natal Kicks in Galactic Double Neutron Star Systems
• Implications of a VLBI Distance to the Double Pulsar J0737-3039A/B
• Six millisecond pulsars detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope and the radio/gamma-ray connection of millisecond pulsars
• The Formation of the Double Pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B
• The double pulsar: evolutionary constraints from the system geometry
• PSR J1738+0333: a new gravitational laboratory
• Neutron Stars: Formed, Spun and Kicked

Cited by in corpus (57)

• GW170104: Observation of a 50-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence at Redshift 0.2
• Formation of Double Neutron Star Systems
• The NANOGrav Nine-year Data Set: Mass and Geometric Measurements of Binary Millisecond Pulsars
• The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems
• Strong-field Gravity Tests with the Double Pulsar
• PALFA Discovery of a Highly Relativistic Double Neutron Star Binary
• Astrophysical and theoretical physics implications from multimessenger neutron star observations
• PSR J1756$-$2251: a pulsar with a low-mass neutron star companion
• Implications of PSR J0737-3039B for the Galactic NS-NS Binary Merger Rate
• A hot and fast ultra-stripped supernova that likely formed a compact neutron star binary
• First search for nontensorial gravitational waves from known pulsars
• Tidal Deformabilities and Neutron Star Mergers
• The Green Bank North Celestial Cap Pulsar Survey III: 45 New Pulsar Timing Solutions
• Einstein@Home discovery of a Double-Neutron Star Binary in the PALFA Survey
• On the origin of GW190425
• Inferring the population properties of binary neutron stars with gravitational-wave measurements of spin
• PSR J1930-1852: a pulsar in the widest known orbit around another neutron star
• Pulsars and Gravity
• Constraining the dense matter equation-of-state with radio pulsars
• Pulsar J1411+2551: A Low Mass New Double Neutron Star System
• Pulsars as probes of gravity and fundamental physics
• A Fan Beam Model for Radio Pulsars. I. Observational Evidence
• Modelling Double Neutron Stars: Radio and Gravitational Waves
• Interstellar Scintillation of the Double Pulsar J0737$-$3039
• Gravity experiments with radio pulsars
• The Relativistic Binary Programme on MeerKAT: Science objectives and first results
• Evolutionary Channels for the Formation of Double Neutron Stars
• A 1.05 $M_{\odot }$ Companion to PSR J2222-0137: The Coolest Known White Dwarf?
• Precise mass measurements for the double neutron star system J1829+2456
• Tossing Black Hole Spin Axes
• Prospects for Detecting Fast Radio Bursts in Globular Clusters of Nearby Galaxies
• Fermi LAT pulsed detection of PSR J0737-3039A in the double pulsar system
• Study of 72 pulsars discovered in the PALFA survey: Timing analysis, glitch activity, emission variability, and a pulsar in an eccentric binary
• The discovery of two mildly-recycled binary pulsars in the Northern High Time Resolution Universe pulsar survey
• Scenario Machine: fast radio bursts, short gamma-ray burst, dark energy and Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory silence
• Correlated spin-down rates and radio emission in PSR B1859+07
• Gravitational signal propagation in the Double Pulsar studied with the MeerKAT telescope
• Characterizing Astrophysical Binary Neutron Stars with Gravitational Waves
• Binary Pulsar J0737-3039: Evidence for a new core collapse and neutron star formation mechanism
• Radio pulsars: testing gravity and detecting gravitational waves
• Radio Emission Region Exposed: Courtesy of the Double Pulsar
• Understanding and improving the timing of PSR J0737-3039B
• Measuring the Lense-Thirring Orbital Precession and the Neutron Star Moment of Inertia with Pulsars
• Realistic Modeling of the Pulse Profile of PSR J0737-3039A
• Prospects of constraining the dense matter equation of state from the timing analysis of pulsars in double neutron star binaries: the cases of PSR J0737-3039A and PSR J1757-1854
• Effect of geodetic precession on the evolution of pulsar high-energy pulse profiles as derived with the striped-wind model
• Testing the formation scenarios of binary neutron star systems with measurements of the neutron star moment of inertia
• Testing the rotating lighthouse model with the double pulsar system PSR J0737-3039A/B
• The Relativistic Spin Precession in the Compact Double Neutron Star System PSR~J1946+2052
• General solution for the vacuum electromagnetic field in the surroundings of a rotating star
• Measuring spin in coalescing binaries of neutron stars showing double precursors
• A direct measurement of sense of rotation of PSR J0737$-$3039A
• Tests of Classical Gravity with Radio Pulsars
• Long Term Study of the Double Pulsar J0737-3039 with XMM-Newton: pulsar timing
• The impact of the spin-orbit misalignment and of the spin of B on the Lense-Thrirring orbital precessions of the Double Pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B
• A deep search for radio pulsations from the 1.3 M${}_{\odot }$ compact-object binary companion of young pulsar PSR J1906+0746
• Forming Double Neutron Stars using Detailed Binary Evolution Models with POSYDON: Comparison to the Galactic Systems