SN2019dge: a Helium-rich Ultra-Stripped Envelope Supernova

Abstract

We present observations of ZTF18abfcmjw (SN2019dge), a helium-rich supernova with a fast-evolving light curve indicating an extremely low ejecta mass ($\approx 0.3M_{\odot }$) and low kinetic energy ($\approx 1.2\times 10^{50}\mathrm{erg}$). Early-time (<4 d after explosion) photometry reveal evidence of shock cooling from an extended helium-rich envelope of $\sim 0.1M_{\odot }$ located at $\sim 3\times 10^{12}\mathrm{cm}$ from the progenitor. Early-time He II line emission and subsequent spectra show signatures of interaction with helium-rich circumstellar material, which extends from $\gtrsim 5\times 10^{13}\mathrm{cm}$ to $\gtrsim 2\times 10^{16}\mathrm{cm}$. We interpret SN2019dge as a helium-rich supernova from an ultra-stripped progenitor, which originates from a close binary system consisting of a mass-losing helium star and a low-mass main sequence star or a compact object (i.e., a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole). We infer that the local volumetric birth rate of 19dge-like ultra-stripped SNe is in the range of 1400--8200$\mathrm{Gp}{\mathrm{c}}^{-3}\mathrm{y}{\mathrm{r}}^{-1}$ (i.e., 2--12% of core-collapse supernova rate). This can be compared to the observed coalescence rate of compact neutron star binaries that are not formed by dynamical capture.

29 pages, 23 figures, submitted to ApJ

References in corpus (42)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Cosmic Star Formation History
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• Infrared Emission from Interstellar Dust. IV. The Silicate-Graphite-PAH Model in the Post-Spitzer Era
• The Zwicky Transient Facility: System Overview, Performance, and First Results
• An Ordinary Short Gamma-Ray Burst with Extraordinary Implications: Fermi-GBM Detection of GRB 170817A
• The Zwicky Transient Facility: Data Processing, Products, and Archive
• Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source
• The Zwicky Transient Facility: Science Objectives
• Illuminating Gravitational Waves: A Concordant Picture of Photons from a Neutron Star Merger
• Formation of Double Neutron Star Systems
• PyNeb: a new tool for analyzing emission lines. I. Code description and validation of results
• A Radio Counterpart to a Neutron Star Merger
• Confined Dense Circumstellar Material Surrounding a Regular Type II Supernova: The Unique Flash-Spectroscopy Event of SN 2013fs
• The Zwicky Transient Facility: Surveys and Scheduler
• A Wolf-Rayet-like progenitor of supernova SN 2013cu from spectral observations of a wind
• unWISE: unblurred coadds of the WISE imaging
• The Zwicky Transient Facility: Observing System
• The Broad-lined Type Ic SN 2003jd
• The Evolution of Massive Helium Stars Including Mass Loss
• Fully-Automated Reduction of Longslit Spectroscopy with the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrometer at Keck Observatory
• Massive stars exploding in a He-rich circumstellar medium. I. Type Ibn (SN 2006jc-like) events
• PTF11iqb: Cool supergiant mass loss that bridges the gap between Type IIn and normal supernovae
• The GROWTH Marshal: A Dynamic Science Portal for Time-Domain Astronomy
• Fallback Supernovae: A Possible Origin of Peculiar Supernovae with Extremely Low Explosion Energies
• The Zwicky Transient Facility Alert Distribution System
• Investigating the properties of stripped-envelope supernovae, what are the implications for their progenitors?
• Nebular spectroscopy: A guide on H II regions and planetary nebulae
• The Koala: A Fast Blue Optical Transient with Luminous Radio Emission from a Starburst Dwarf Galaxy at $z=0.27$
• Analysis of Late--time Light Curves of Type IIb, Ib and Ic Supernovae
• ZTF Early Observations of Type Ia Supernovae I: Properties of the 2018 Sample
• Long Term Radio Monitoring of SN 1993J
• Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Supernovae: The First Two Years of Swift Observations
• Electron-capture supernovae exploding within their progenitor wind
• Massive stars exploding in a He-rich circumstellar medium. IV. Transitional Type Ibn Supernovae
• Palomar Gattini-IR: Survey overview, data processing system, on-sky performance and first results
• iPTF16asu: A Luminous, Rapidly-Evolving, and High-Velocity Supernova
• SN 2019ehk: A Double-Peaked Ca-rich Transient with Luminous X-ray Emission and Shock-Ionized Spectral Features
• Dynamical Capture Binary Neutron Star Mergers
• Transparent Helium in Stripped Envelope Supernovae
• ZTF18aalrxas: A Type IIb Supernova from a very extended low-mass progenitor
• GALEX Spectroscopy of SN 2005ay suggests a UV spectral uniformity among type II-P supernovae

Cited by in corpus (10)

• A Diversity of Wave-driven Pre-supernova Outbursts
• Extreme mass loss in low-mass type Ib/c supernova progenitors
• Wave-driven outbursts and variability of low-mass supernova progenitors
• On the energy source of ultra-stripped supernovae
• Supernovae double-peaked light curves from double-nickel distribution
• Family dispute: do Type IIP supernova siblings agree on their distance?
• Shock-cooling Constraints via Early-time Observations of the Type IIb SN 2022hnt
• iPTF 16asu Revisited: A Rapidly Evolving Superluminous Broad-Lined Ic Supernova?
• Building spectral templates and reconstructing parameters for core collapse supernovae with CASTOR
• Long-term evolution of a supernova remnant hosting a double neutron star binary