The Zwicky Transient Facility: Observing System
arXiv:2008.04923 · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ab4ca2
Abstract
The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Observing System (OS) is the data collector for the ZTF project to study astrophysical phenomena in the time domain. ZTF OS is based upon the 48-inch aperture Schmidt-type design Samuel Oschin Telescope at the Palomar Observatory in Southern California. It incorporates new telescope aspheric corrector optics, dome and telescope drives, a large-format exposure shutter, a flat-field illumination system, a robotic bandpass filter exchanger, and the key element: a new 47-square-degree, 600 megapixel cryogenic CCD mosaic science camera, along with supporting equipment. The OS collects and delivers digitized survey data to the ZTF Data System (DS). Here, we describe the ZTF OS design, optical implementation, delivered image quality, detector performance, and robotic survey efficiency.
31 pages, 26 figures, 5 tables; published in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
References in corpus (9)
- Overview of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
- The Zwicky Transient Facility: Data Processing, Products, and Archive
- The Palomar Transient Factory: System Overview, Performance and First Results
- Proper image subtraction - optimal transient detection, photometry and hypothesis testing
- Machine Learning for the Zwicky Transient Facility
- Donut: measuring optical aberrations from a single extra-focal image
- The Robo-AO software: Fully autonomous operation of a laser guide star adaptive optics and science system
- High-Speed, Photon Counting CCD Cameras for Astronomy
- Generic Misalignment Aberration Patterns and the Subspace of Benign Misalignment
Cited by in corpus (169)
- The Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey. II. A Public Statistical Sample for Exploring Supernova Demographics
- Candidate Tidal Disruption Event AT2019fdr Coincident with a High-Energy Neutrino
- A very luminous jet from the disruption of a star by a massive black hole
- A systematic search of Zwicky Transient Facility data for ultracompact binary LISA-detectable gravitational-wave sources
- Data-driven expectations for electromagnetic counterpart searches based on LIGO/Virgo public alerts
- A WC/WO star exploding within an expanding carbon-oxygen-neon nebula
- Optical follow-up of the neutron star-black hole mergers S200105ae and S200115j
- A Search for Extragalactic Fast Blue Optical Transients in ZTF and the Rate of AT2018cow-like Transients
- The prevalence and influence of circumstellar material around hydrogen-rich supernova progenitors
- A data science platform to enable time-domain astronomy
- The Type Icn SN 2021csp: Implications for the Origins of the Fastest Supernovae and the Fates of Wolf-Rayet Stars
- Fast-transient Searches in Real Time with ZTFReST: Identification of Three Optically-discovered Gamma-ray Burst Afterglows and New Constraints on the Kilonova Rate
- ZTF Early Observations of Type Ia Supernovae II: First Light, the Initial Rise, and Time to Reach Maximum Brightness
- Impact of the SpaceX Starlink Satellites on the Zwicky Transient Facility Survey Observations
- The Challenges Ahead for Multimessenger Analyses of Gravitational Waves and Kilonova: a Case Study on GW190425
- SN2019dge: a Helium-rich Ultra-Stripped Envelope Supernova
- New Modules for the SEDMachine to Remove Contaminations from Cosmic Rays and Non-target Light: BYECR and CONTSEP
- An 8.8 minute orbital period eclipsing detached double white dwarf binary
- The Tidal Disruption Event AT2021ehb: Evidence of Relativistic Disk Reflection, and Rapid Evolution of the Disk-Corona System
- SN2020bvc: a Broad-lined Type Ic Supernova with a Double-peaked Optical Light Curve and a Luminous X-ray and Radio Counterpart
- Updated observing scenarios and multi-messenger implications for the International Gravitational-wave Network's O4 and O5
- The Hydrogen-Poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility Phase-I Survey: I. Light Curves and Measurements
- A Late-Time Radio Flare following a Possible Transition in Accretion State in the Tidal Disruption Event AT 2019azh
- Uncovering a population of gravitational lens galaxies with magnified standard candle SN Zwicky
- The Spectacular Ultraviolet Flash From the Peculiar Type Ia Supernova 2019yvq
- Discovery and characterization of five new eclipsing AM CVn systems
- The Zwicky Transient Facility Type Ia supernova survey: first data release and results
- Variability-selected intermediate mass black hole candidates in dwarf galaxies from ZTF and WISE
- Two stripped envelope supernovae with circumstellar interaction -- but only one really shows it
- ZTF20aajnksq (AT2020blt): A Fast Optical Transient at With No Detected Gamma-Ray Burst Counterpart
- A radio-detected Type Ia supernova with helium-rich circumstellar material
- Cosmological Fast Optical Transients with the Zwicky Transient Facility: A Search for Dirty Fireballs
- A Systematic Study of Ia-CSM Supernovae from the ZTF Bright Transient Survey
- Three Core-Collapse Supernovae with Nebular Hydrogen Emission
- A low-energy explosion yields the underluminous Type IIP SN 2020cxd
- A non-equipartition shockwave traveling in a dense circumstellar environment around SN2020oi
- The BlackGEM telescope array I: Overview
- A Systematic Search for Short-period Close White Dwarf Binary Candidates Based on Gaia EDR3 Catalog and Zwicky Transient Facility Data
- SN 2021zny: an early flux excess combined with late-time oxygen emission suggests a double white dwarf merger event
- Volumetric rates of Luminous Red Novae and Intermediate Luminosity Red Transients with the Zwicky Transient Facility
- AGN on the move: A search for off-nuclear AGN from recoiling SMBHs and ongoing galaxy mergers with the Zwicky Transient Facility
- The broad-lined Type-Ic supernova SN 2022xxf with extraordinary two-humped light curves
- The ZTF Source Classification Project: II. Periodicity and variability processing metrics
- Machine Learning applied to asteroid dynamics
- Less than 1% of Core-Collapse Supernovae in the local universe occur in elliptical galaxies
- Collapsars as Sites of r-process Nucleosynthesis: Systematic Near-Infrared Follow-up of Type Ic-BL Supernovae
- Minutes-duration Optical Flares with Supernova Luminosities
- The Zwicky Transient Facility phase I sample of hydrogen-rich superluminous supernovae without strong narrow emission lines
- The discovery and characterization of a kilometre sized asteroid inside the orbit of Venus
- On the maximum luminosities of normal stripped-envelope supernovae -- brighter than explosion models allow
- Optimizing Serendipitous Detections of Kilonovae: Cadence and Filter Selection
- SNIascore: Deep Learning Classification of Low-Resolution Supernova Spectra
- A 62-minute orbital period black widow binary in a wide hierarchical triple
- Supernova SN 2020faa -- an iPTF14hls look-alike?
- ZTF SN Ia DR2: Colour standardisation of Type Ia Supernovae and its dependence on environment
- Neutrino follow-up with the Zwicky Transient Facility: Results from the first 24 campaigns
- Discovery of Two Polars from a Crossmatch of ZTF and the SRG/eFEDS X-ray Catalog
- SN2020qlb: A hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova with well-characterized light curve undulations
- SN 2020bqj: a Type Ibn supernova with a long lasting peak plateau
- Compact white-dwarf binaries in the combined SRG/eROSITA/SDSS eFEDS survey
- A Real-time Automatic Validation System for Optical Transients detected by GWAC
- Growth-rate measurement with type-Ia supernovae using ZTF survey simulations
- Spectroscopic observations of progenitor activity 100 days before a Type Ibn supernova
- ZTF SN Ia DR2: Environmental dependencies of stretch and luminosity of a volume limited sample of 1,000 Type Ia Supernovae
- SN 2018ijp: the explosion of a stripped-envelope star within a dense H-rich shell?
- Zwicky Transient Facility and Globular Clusters: The Period-Luminosity and Period-Wesenheit Relations for Type II Cepheids
- Constraining the long-lived supramassive neutron stars by magnetar boosted kilonovae
- Time-series and Phasecurve Photometry of Episodically-Active Asteroid (6478) Gault in a Quiescent State Using APO, GROWTH, P200 and ZTF
- Orbital decay in an accreting and eclipsing 13.7 minute orbital period binary with a luminous donor
- Predicting electromagnetic counterparts using low-latency, gravitational-wave data products
- A rotating white dwarf shows different compositions on its opposite faces
- GRANDMA Observations of ZTF/Fink Transients during Summer 2021
- SN 2019zrk, a bright SN 2009ip analog with a precursor
- Cataclysmic Variables in the Second Year of the Zwicky Transient Facility
- : An Accurate Photometric Classifier for Tidal Disruption Events
- Family dispute: do Type IIP supernova siblings agree on their distance?
- Sample of hydrogen-rich superluminous supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
- Neutrinos from explosive transients at the dawn of multi-messenger astronomy
- Optically Informed Searches of High-Energy Neutrinos from Interaction-Powered Supernovae
- SN 2021adxl: A luminous nearby interacting supernova in an extremely low metallicity environment
- ZTF SN Ia DR2: The spectral diversity of Type Ia supernovae in a volume-limited sample
- The detection efficiency of type Ia supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility: Limits on the intrinsic rate of early flux excesses
- Probing pre-supernova mass loss in double-peaked Type Ibc supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
- AT2018lqh and the nature of the emerging population of day-scale duration optical transients
- Inferring CSM Properties of Type II SNe Using a Magnitude-Limited ZTF Sample
- Tails: Chasing Comets with the Zwicky Transient Facility and Deep Learning
- A 3.8yr optical quasi-periodic oscillations in blue quasar SDSS J132144+033055 through combined light curves from CSS and ZTF
- HEALPix Alchemy: Fast All-Sky Geometry and Image Arithmetic in a Relational Database for Multimessenger Astronomy Brokers
- SN 2020udy: a SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion
- Period-Luminosity Relations for Galactic classical Cepheids in the Sloan bands
- Velocity evolution of broad-lined type-Ic supernovae with and without gamma-ray bursts
- In search of short gamma-ray burst optical counterpart with the Zwicky Transient Facility
- The large-scale environment of thermonuclear and core-collapse supernovae
- Tidally excited oscillations in hot white dwarfs
- Zwicky Transient Facility and Globular Clusters: The Period-Luminosity and Period-Wesenheit Relations for Anomalous Cepheids Supplemented with Large Magellanic Cloud Sample
- Searching for late-time interaction signatures in Type Ia supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
- A Distance Measurement to M33 Using Optical Photometry of Mira Variables
- CSS1603+19: a low-mass polar near the cataclysmic variable period minimum
- SN 2022joj: A Peculiar Type Ia Supernova Possibly Driven by an Asymmetric Helium-shell Double Detonation
- Cyclotron emitting magnetic white dwarfs in post common envelope binaries discovered with the Zwicky Transient Facility
- Possible Circumstellar Interaction Origin of the Early Excess Emission in Thermonuclear Supernovae
- Real-time Discovery of AT2020xnd: A Fast, Luminous Ultraviolet Transient with Minimal Radioactive Ejecta
- A population synthesis study of the Gaia 100 pc unresolved white dwarf-main sequence binary population
- Inferring kilonova population properties with a hierarchical Bayesian framework I : Non-detection methodology and single-event analyses
- A candidate of binary black hole system in AGN with broad Balmer emission lines having quite different line widths
- An Extremely Luminous Flare Recorded from a Supermassive Black Hole
- Discovery and characterization of ZTF J0112+5827: An 80.9-minute polar with strong cyclotron features
- Long-rising Type II Supernovae in the Zwicky Transient Facility Census of the Local Universe
- A search for gravitationally lensed supernovae within the Zwicky Transient Facility public survey
- Foraging with MUSHROOMS: A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Scheduler for Multimessenger Target of Opportunity Searches with the Zwicky Transient Facility
- Broadband spectral and temporal study of Ton 599 during the brightest January 2023 flare
- Score-matching neural networks for improved multi-band source separation
- SN 2019odp: A Massive Oxygen-Rich Type Ib Supernova
- Zwicky Transient Facility and Globular Clusters: The Period-Luminosity and Period-Wesenheit Relations for SX Phoenicis Variables in the gri-Band
- Disentangling transients and their host galaxies with Scarlet2: A framework to forward model multi-epoch imaging
- Measuring Long Stellar Rotation Periods (>10 days) from TESS FFI Light Curves is Possible: An Investigation Using TESS and ZTF
- SN 2023zaw: an ultra-stripped, nickel-poor supernova from a low-mass progenitor
- A magnitude-limited catalogue of unresolved white dwarf-main sequence binaries from Gaia DR3
- ZTF SN Ia DR2: High-velocity components in the Si II 6355
- ZTF SN Ia DR2: Properties of the low-mass host galaxies of Type Ia supernovae in a volume-limited sample
- J0526+5934: a peculiar ultra-short period double white dwarf
- IIb or not IIb: A Catalog of ZTF Kilonova Imposters
- Eruptive mass loss less than a year before the explosion of superluminous supernovae: I. The cases of SN 2020xga and SN 2022xgc
- A thermonuclear supernova interacting with hydrogen- and helium-deficient circumstellar material. SN 2020aeuh as a SN Ia-CSM-C/O?
- Early-time spectroscopic modelling of the transitional Type Ia Supernova 2021rhu with TARDIS
- A Morphological Study on AGN-host Dwarf Galaxies
- Four new eclipsing accreting ultracompact white dwarf binaries found with the Zwicky Transient Facility
- Deep learning to improve the discovery of near-Earth asteroids in the Zwicky Transient Facility
- Removing Atmospheric Fringes from Zwicky Transient Facility i-Band Images using Principal Component Analysis
- Luminous, rapidly declining supernovae as stripped transitional objects in low metallicity environments: the case of SN 2022lxg
- Primordial Black Hole Triggered Type Ia Supernovae I: Impact on Explosion Dynamics and Light Curves
- A half-ring of ionized circumstellar material trapped in the magnetosphere of a white dwarf merger remnant
- ZTFJ0038+2030: a long period eclipsing white dwarf and a substellar companion
- Searching for Supernovae in HETDEX Data Release 3
- A Search for Extra-Tidal RR Lyrae in the Globular Cluster NGC 5024 and NGC 5053
- Ultra High Energy Neutrino Event KM3-230213A as a Signal of Electroweak Vacuum Turbulence in Merging Black Hole Binaries
- ZTF-observed late-time signals of pre-ZTF transients
- ZTF SN Ia DR2: Exploring SN Ia properties in the vicinity of under-dense environments
- Machine-directed gravitational-wave counterpart discovery
- An Online Framework for Fitting Fast Transient Lightcurves
- Candidate strongly lensed type Ia supernovae in the Zwicky Transient Facility archive
- ZTF SN Ia DR2: Impact of the galaxy cluster environment on the stretch distribution of Type Ia supernovae
- ZTF SN~Ia DR2: Cosmology-independent constraints on Type Ia supernova standardisation from supernova siblings
- A real-time search for Type Ia Supernovae with late-time CSM interaction in ZTF
- ZTF SN Ia DR2: Improved SN Ia colors through expanded dimensionality with SALT3+
- A Morphological Model to Separate Resolved-Unresolved Sources in the DESI Legacy Surveys: Application in the LS4 Alert Stream
- Identifying massive black hole binaries via light curve variability in optical time-domain surveys
- ZTF SN Ia DR2 follow-up: Exploring the origin of the Type Ia supernova host galaxy step through Si II velocities
- Optical characterization of two cataclysmic variables: RBS 0490 and SDSS J075939.79+191417.3
- The hydrogen-free circumstellar interaction in the Type Ib supernova 2021efd: A clue to the mechanism of the helium-layer stripping
- Zwicky Transient Facility and Globular Clusters: the gr-Band Period-Luminosity Relations for Mira Variables at Maximum Light and Their Applications to Local Galaxies
- Quiescence of an Outburst of a Low-Mass Young Stellar Object: LDN1415-IRS
- Zwicky Transient Facility and Globular Clusters: Calibration of the gr-Band Absolute Magnitudes for the Yellow Post-Asymptotic-Giant-Branch Stars
- Eruptive mass loss less than a year before the explosion of superluminous supernovae. II. A systematic search for pre-explosion eruptions with VLT/X-shooter
- TDE 2025abcr: A Tidal Disruption Event in the Outskirts of a Massive Galaxy
- PGIR 20eid (SN2020qmp): A Type IIP Supernova at 15.6 Mpc discovered by the Palomar Gattini-IR survey
- The Search for a Counterpart to NuSTAR J053449+2126.0
- Zwicky Transient Facility and Globular Clusters: The RR Lyrae gri-Band Period-Luminosity-Metallicity and Period-Wesenheit-Metallicity Relations
- The nearby He-rich superluminous supernova SN 2021bnw during photospheric phases
- Spectroscopic follow-up of hot subdwarf variables found in ZTF -- Atmospheric and fundamental properties of radial-mode sdB pulsators
- The Astronomy Commons Platform: A Deployable Cloud-Based Analysis Platform for Astronomy
- SDSS J153231.80+420342.7: a triple black hole candidate with a close binary black hole
- Modeling the Light Curve and Spectra of SN 2023aew
- AT2024lhc and AT2024kmq in the landscape of featureless tidal disruption events
- Detection of a weak magnetic field in the Balmer emission line white dwarf WDJ1653-1001
- Faintest of them all : ZTF 21aaoryiz/SN 2021fcg -- Discovery of an extremely low luminosity type Iax supernova
- Discovery and Detailed Study of the M31 Classical Nova AT 2023tkw: Evidence for Internal Shocks
- Design and performance of a Collimated Beam Projector for telescope transmission measurement using a broadband light source
- Microlensing Events in the Galactic Plane Using the Zwicky Transient Facility