The Chandra COSMOS Legacy survey: overview and point source catalog

Abstract

The COSMOS-Legacy survey is a 4.6 Ms Chandra program that has imaged 2.2 deg${}^2$ of the COSMOS field with an effective exposure of $\simeq$160 ks over the central 1.5 deg${}^2$ and of $\simeq$80 ks in the remaining area. The survey is the combination of 56 new observations, obtained as an X-ray Visionary Project, with the previous C-COSMOS survey. We describe the reduction and analysis of the new observations and the properties of 2273 point sources detected above a spurious probability of 2$\times 10^{-5}$. We also present the updated properties of the C-COSMOS sources detected in the new data. The whole survey includes 4016 point sources (3814, 2920 and 2440 in the full, soft and hard band). The limiting depths are 2.2 $\times$ 10${}^{-16}$, 1.5 $\times$ 10${}^{-15}$ and 8.9$\times$ 10${}^{-16}$ ${\mathrm{erg}\mathrm{cm}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ in the 0.5-2, 2-10 and 0.5-10 keV bands, respectively. The observed fraction of obscured AGN with column density $>10^{22}$ cm${}^{-2}$ from the hardness ratio (HR) is $\sim$50${}_{-16}^{+17}$%. Given the large sample, we compute source number counts in the hard and soft bands, significantly reducing the uncertainties of 5-10%. For the first time, we compute number counts for obscured (HR$>$-0.2) and unobscured (HR$<$-0.2) sources and find significant differences between the two populations in the soft band. Due to the un-precedent large exposure, COSMOS-Legacy area is 3 times larger than surveys at similar depth and its depth is 3 times fainter than surveys covering similar area. The area-flux region occupied by COSMOS-Legacy is likely to remain unsurpassed for years to come.

20 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ on December 24, 2015

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• SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES) II: Structural Properties and Near-Infrared Morphologies of Faint Submillimeter Galaxies
• Galaxies of the $z\sim 2$ Universe. I. Grism-Selected Rest-Frame Optical Emission Line Galaxies
• The XMM-Newton Wide Field Survey in the COSMOS Field: Clustering Dependence of X-ray Selected AGN on Host Galaxy Properties
• The incidence of AGN in galaxies with different stellar population ages
• 3D-DASH: The Widest Near-Infrared Hubble Space Telescope Survey
• Testing the fidelity of simulations of black hole - galaxy co-evolution at z ~ 1.5 with observations
• Evolution of Dust-Obscured Star Formation and Gas to z=2.2 from HiZELS
• A super-linear "radio-AGN main sequence'' links mean radio-AGN power and galaxy stellar mass since z$\sim$3
• The COSMOS-Web deep galaxy group catalog up to $z=3.7$
• Dust Temperature of Compact Star-forming Galaxies at $z\sim 1-3$ in 3D-{\it HST}/CANDELS
• Viewing angle observations and effects of evolution with redshift, black hole mass, and Eddington ratio in quasar based cosmology
• The composite nature of Dust-Obscured Galaxies (DOGs) at z~2-3 in the COSMOS field: II. The AGN fraction
• Bringing faint active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to light: a view from large-scale cosmological simulations
• Concordance between observations and simulations in the evolution of the mass relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies
• Obscured AGN enhancement in galaxy pairs at cosmic noon: evidence from a probabilistic treatment of photometric redshifts
• pop-cosmos: Scaleable inference of galaxy properties and redshifts with a data-driven population model
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): the hard X-ray selected sample
• PRIMER & JADES reveal an abundance of massive quiescent galaxies at 2 < z < 5
• AMICO-COSMOS galaxy cluster and group catalogue up to $z=2$: Sample properties and X-ray counterparts
• Where Do Obscured AGN Fit in A Galaxy's Timeline?
• Joint Survey Processing I: Compact oddballs in the COSMOS field -- low-luminosity Quasars at z > 6?
• Revisiting the Color-Color Selection: Submillimeter and AGN Properties of NUV-r-J Selected Quiescent Galaxies
• XXL-HSC: An updated catalogue of high-redshift ($z⩾3.5$) X-ray AGN in the XMM-XXL northern field. Constraints on the bright end of the soft logN-logS
• The Evolution of the Low-Frequency Radio AGN Population to $z\simeq 1.5$ in the ELAIS N1 Field
• Resolving galactic-scale obscuration of X-ray AGN at $z\gtrsim 1$ with COSMOS-Web
• The role of SPICA-like missions and the Origins Space Telescope in the quest for heavily obscured AGN and synergies with Athena
• The XXL Survey: XLIII. The quasar radio loudness dichotomy exposed via radio luminosity functions obtained by combining results from COSMOS and XXL-S X-ray selected quasars
• Surveying the onset and evolution of supermassive black holes at high-z with AXIS
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): SDSS spectroscopic observations of X-ray sources
• An Eddington ratio-driven origin for the ${\mathrm{L}}_{\mathrm{X}}-{\mathrm{M}}_{\ast }$ relation in quiescent and star forming active galaxies
• A Morphological Study on Galaxies Hosting Optical Variability-Selected AGNs in the COSMOS Field
• Revealing the differences in the SMBH accretion rate distributions of starburst and non-starburst galaxies
• Compton-thick active galactic nuclei from the 7 Ms observation in the Chandra Deep Field South
• The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: unveiling rare, buried AGNs and detecting the contributors to the peak of the Cosmic X-ray Background
• Probing star formation and ISM properties using galaxy disk inclination III: Evolution in dust opacity and clumpiness between redshift 0.0 < z < 0.7 constrained from UV to NIR
• An observational link between AGN Eddington ratio and [NII]λ6583/Ha at 0.6<z<1.7
• Environments of a sample of AzTEC submillimetre galaxies in the COSMOS field
• COSMOS2020: Investigating the AGN-obscured accretion phase at $z\sim 1$ via [NeV] selection
• PRIMER: JWST/MIRI reveals the evolution of star-forming structures in galaxies at z<2.5
• Measuring Stellar Masses of Emission Line Galaxies at 1.2<z<1.9
• The Extragalactic Serendipitous Swift Survey (ExSeSS) -- I. Survey definition and measurements of the X-ray number counts
• Going deeper into the dark with COSMOS-Web: JWST unveils the total contribution of Radio-Selected NIRfaint galaxies to the cosmic Star Formation Rate Density
• Redshift identification of X-ray selected active galactic nuclei in the J1030 field: searching for large-scale structures and high-redshift sources
• The X-ray Angular Power Spectrum of Extended Sources in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey
• Stellar, Gas, and Dust Emission of Star Forming Galaxies out to z~2
• COSMOS-Web galaxy groups: Evolution of red sequence and quiescent galaxy fraction
• Properties of intra-cluster low-mass X-ray binaries in Fornax globular clusters
• Diffuse X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Limits on Boson Stars that Interact with Nuclei
• Properties of IR selected Active Galactic Nuclei
• Spectroscopy of an extreme [OIII] emitting active galactic nucleus at $z=3.212$: implications for the reionisation era
• Large-scale clustering of buried X-ray AGN: Trends in AGN obscuration and redshift evolution
• The Compilation and Validation of the Spectroscopic Redshift Catalogs for the DESI-COSMOS and DESI-XMMLSS Fields
• A comprehensive study of H$\alpha$ emitters at $z\sim$ 0.62 in the DAWN survey: the need for deep and wide regions
• JWST Discovery of a High-Redshift Tidal Disruption Event Candidate in COSMOS-Web
• Behind the dust veil: A panchromatic view of an optically dark galaxy at z=4.82
• Inferring Compton-thick AGN candidates at z>2 with Chandra using the >8 keV restframe spectral curvature
• Black hole-galaxy co-evolution and the role of feedback
• Black hole mass of a quiescent galaxy hosting a Type 1 AGN at z=2.09: Implications for black hole - galaxy co-evolution and AGN quenching at high redshift
• The [OIII] profiles of far-infrared active and non-active optically-selected green valley galaxies
• The Dawn of Black Holes
• The nebular properties of star-forming galaxies at intermediate redshift from the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census
• pop-cosmos: Insights from generative modeling of a deep, infrared-selected galaxy population
• The Impact of Inclination-dependent Attenuation on Ultraviolet Star Formation Rate Tracers
• Active Galactic Nuclei in the Green Valley at z$\sim$0.7
• Multi-scale Radio and X-ray Structure of the High-redshift Quasar PMN J0909+0354
• Triggering nuclear and galaxy activity in the Bullet cluster
• Reconstructing AGN X-ray spectral parameter distributions with Bayesian methods II: Population inference
• The stellar mass function of quiescent and star-forming galaxies and its dependence on morphology in COSMOS-Web
• AGN -- host galaxy photometric decomposition using a fast, accurate and precise deep learning approach
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey: The infrared-radio correlation and AGN fraction of star-forming galaxies at z $\sim$ 4.4-5.9
• Analogs of primeval galaxies two billion years after the Big Bang
• Counterparts of Candidate Dusty Starbursts at z > 6
• Chandra Survey in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Field Optical/Infrared Identifications of X-ray Sources
• Characterizing elusive, faint dusty star-forming galaxies: a lensed, optically undetected ALMA galaxy at z~3.3
• Host galaxy and nuclear properties of IR-selected AGNs with and without outflow signatures
• X-ray stacking reveals average SMBH accretion properties of star-forming galaxies and their cosmic evolution over 4 <~ z <~ 7
• Spectral Properties Of Populations Behind The Coherence In Spitzer Near-Infrared And Chandra X-Ray Backgrounds
• On the Origin of the Strong Optical Variability of Emission-line Galaxies
• The Evolution of the Luminosity Function for Luminous Compact Blue Galaxies to z=1
• Systematic search for lensed X-ray sources in the CLASH fields
• The COSMOS Wall at z$\sim$0.73: star-forming galaxies and their evolution in different environments
• Tracing obscured galaxy build-up at high redshift using deep radio surveys
• BASS XLV: Quantifying AGN Selection Effects in the Chandra COSMOS-Legacy Survey with BASS
• A PAH deficit in the starburst core of a distant spiral galaxy
• X-ray selection of Compton Thick AGN at high redshift
• Exploring the X-ray-radio connection for AGN via measurements of the multi-dimensional luminosity function
• Major merger fraction along the massive galaxy quenching channel at 0.2$<z<$0.7
• Simulating infrared spectro-photometric surveys with a SPRITZ
• A High-resolution Far-infrared Survey to Probe Black Hole-Galaxy Co-evolution
• The major merger-active galactic nucleus connection up to the cosmic noon
• Identifying Compton-thick active galactic nuclei in the COSMOS. II. Searching among mid-infrared selected AGNs
• Obscured and unobscured X-ray AGNs I: Host galaxy properties
• JWST Spectroscopic View of a Rapidly Growing Dust-obscured Quasar at $z\sim 4$: Effect of Dust Extinction Correction on Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratio Estimation
• The evolution of the radio luminosity function of group galaxies in COSMOS
• The ROSAT Raster Survey in the North-Ecliptic Pole Field: X-ray Catalogue and Optical Identifications
• Joint Survey Processing II: Stellar Proper Motions in the COSMOS Field, from Hubble Space Telescope ACS and Subaru Telescope HSC Observations
• pop-cosmos: Star formation over 12 Gyr from generative modelling of a deep infrared-selected galaxy catalogue
• Identifying AGN host galaxies by Machine Learning with HSC+WISE
• Low star-formation activity and low gas content of quiescent galaxies at $z=$ 3.5-4.0 constrained with ALMA
• The Compact Star-Forming Galaxies at $2<z<3$ in 3D-HST/CANDELS: AGN and Non-AGN Physical Properties
• The Drivers of the Decline in Supermassive Black Hole Growth at $z<2$
• A multiwavelength study of an early galaxy group merger in COSMOS revealed by two tailed radio galaxies at z = 0.35
• Something Bright at the Edge of Everything: A Uniquely JWST-Dark Radio Source in COSMOS
• Oxyster: A Circumgalactic Low-ionization Oxygen Nebula next to a Starburst Galaxy at $z\sim 1$
• The galaxy starburst/main-sequence bimodality over five decades in stellar mass at z ~ 3-6.5
• X-ray sources in the 1.75 Ms Ultra Narrow Deep Field observed by XMM-Newton